A Cell Cycle-Dependent Regulatory Circuit Composed of 53BP1-RIF1 and BRCA1-CtIP Controls DNA Repair Pathway Choice

1. Download : Download high-res image (124KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? 53BP1 inhibits BRCA1 recruitment to DSB sites in G1 ? RIF1 is the effector of 53BP1 during DSB repair ? Class-switch recombination requires RIF1 ? RIF1 recruitment to DSB sites in S/G2 is inhibited by BRCA1-CtIP     

Spp1, a Member of the Set1 Complex,Promotes Meiotic DSB Formation in Promoters by Tethering Histone H3K4 Methylation Sites to Chromosome Axes

1. Download : Download high-res image (116KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Spp1 and histone H3K4 residue are important for meiotic DSB formation ? Spp1 physically interacts with the DSB protein Mer2 ? Spp1 in meiosis is not with RNA Pol II, but on chromosome axes in DSB-rich domains ? Spp1’s PHD finger tethers H3K4me3 regions to chromosome axes for DSB formation     

Mutation hot spots in yeast caused by long-range clustering of homopolymeric sequences

1. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? The presence of an insertion/deletion mutation in a given homopolymeric tract is increased by nearby homopolymeric tracts ? Long-range genomic sequence context contributes to mutagenesis ? Mutation hot spots can contribute disproportionately to the genetic variation that is introduced into populations     

Keeping cell identity in Arabidopsis requires PRC1 RING-finger homologs that catalyze H2A monoubiquitination

1. Download : Download high-res image (139KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? AtBMI1A/B proteins prevent misexpression of embryonic traits in somatic cells ? PRC2 and AtBMI1A/B proteins maintain cells in their differentiated state ? AtBMI1A/B proteins mediate H2A monoubiquitination     

Microautophagy of cytosolic proteins by late endosomes

1. Download : Download high-res image (297KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Late endosomes take up cytosolic proteins through membrane invaginations ? Endosomal microautophagy (eMI) requires multivesicular body formation ? hsc70 mediates selective targeting of cytosolic proteins during eMI ? hsc70 binds to the endosomal membrane through its polybasic cluster     

A Network Model of the Molecular Organization of Chromatin in Drosophila

1. Download : Download high-res image (434KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? DamID identifies 42 previously unknown chromatin proteins ? Binding maps of new and known chromatin components yield a chromatin network model ? The network model predicts functions of most of the 42 new chromatin proteins ? The chromatin protein network is functionally compartmentalized     

Sculpting of DNA at Abasic Sites by DNA Glycosylase Homolog Mag2

1. Download : Download high-res image (141KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Unflipped AP site stabilized by helix-hairpin-helix DNA glycosylase homolog Mag2 ? Nonenzymatic AP site recognition and DNA sculpting ? Sculpting of DNA conformation enhances substrate transfer between proteins     

Nano-Positioning System for Structural Analysis of Functional Homomeric Proteins in Multiple Conformations

1. Download : Download high-res image (165KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? LRET-based 3D positioning of target sites in functional homomeric proteins ? 3D positioning information is obtained simultaneously with functional recordings ? Accurate distances and positions are obtained by accounting for probe diffusion ? Active and relaxed states of the Shaker voltage sensor are structurally distinct     

Structure and Intrinsic Disorder in Protein Autoinhibition

1. Download : Download high-res image (184KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Autoinhibitory regions in proteins are enriched in intrinsic disorder ? Modulation of intrinsic disorder contributes to the fine-tuning of autoinhibition ? Disordered autoinhibitory regions are more often phosphorylated and change structure ? Intrinsic disorder in inhibitory regions is exploited to fine-tune inhibition     

Folding and Self-Assembly of the TatA Translocation Pore Based on a Charge Zipper Mechanism

1. Download : Download high-res image (202KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Charge zippers as a new concept for folding and assembly of membrane proteins ? 3D structure of TatA pore explains translocation of folded proteins across membrane ? Ladders of salt bridges connect an amphiphilic palisade that can span the bilayer ? MD simulations and specific charge mutations support the charge zipper model     

The Structure of the Tiam1 PDZ Domain/ Phospho-Syndecan1 Complex Reveals a Ligand Conformation that Modulates Protein Dynamics

1. Download : Download high-res image (206KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? The Tiam1 PDZ domain preferentially binds a subset of syndecan (SDC) proteins ? The PDZ domain/phospho-SDC1 structure reveals a phosphoryl binding pocket ? Ligand specificity and phosphorylation regulate PDZ/SDC interactions and signaling ? Tiam1 PDZ domain dynamics are ligand-dependent and regulated by phosphorylation     

Supernumerary centrosomes nucleate extra cilia and compromise primary cilium signaling

1. Download : Download high-res image (108KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Supernumerary centrosomes nucleate cilia, resulting in superciliated cells (SCC) ? Ciliary proteins are reduced in concentration in SCC, compromising signaling ? Presence of extra cilia disrupts epithelial organization in 3D spheroid culture ? Extra cilia may contribute to disease phenotypes by disrupting signaling     

Selective Chemical Crosslinking Reveals a Cep57-Cep63-Cep152 Centrosomal Complex

1. Download : Download high-res image (183KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Selective chemical crosslinking identifies novel protein-protein interactions ? Superresolution microcopy defines the localization of centrosomal proteins ? Cep57, Cep63, and Cep152 form a ring-like centrosomal complex     

Plasma Membrane Tethering of the Cortical ER Necessitates Its Finely Reticulated Architecture

1. Download : Download high-res image (520KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? The VAP proteins sustain the ER-plasma membrane attachment in fission yeast ? Footprint of the ER on the cortex is functionally insulated from the cytosol ? Division-site placement requires a patchwork of cortical sites accessible to cytosol     

Microtubules Enable the Planar Cell Polarity of Airway Cilia

1. Download : Download high-res image (355KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? PCP proteins are asymmetric at apical junctions in the airways before ciliogenesis ? PCP protein asymmetry and cilium orientation emerge gradually during development ? Cilium misorientation correlates with loss of PCP protein asymmetry in PCP mutants ? Microtubules appear to organize cilium orientation and PCP protein asymmetry     

Organism-Scale Modeling of Early Drosophila Patterning via Bone Morphogenetic Proteins

1. Download : Download high-res image (265KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Capturing 3D spatiotemporal content of expression data increases model utility ? Embryo geometry shapes signaling; prepatterns compensate in misshapen embryos ? Cell-surface binding proteins compensate for weak ligand/inhibitor/receptor binding ? BMP-mediated patterning is “nearly” scale-invariant     

Distinct and Overlapping Roles for AP-1 and GGAs Revealed by the “Knocksideways” System

1. Download : Download high-res image (206KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? AP-1 knocksideways depletes ～100 proteins from clathrin-coated vesicles (CCVs) ? GGA2 knocksideways mainly depletes hydrolases and their receptors ? GGA2 depends on AP-1 for incorporation into CCVs ? AP-1 acts as a linchpin for intracellular CCV formation and is bidirectional     

Bax Exists in a Dynamic Equilibrium between the Cytosol and Mitochondria to Control Apoptotic Priming

1. Download : Download high-res image (168KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? Bax exists in equilibrium between the cytosol and mitochondria ? The retrotranslocation of Bax is independent of direct-activator BH3 proteins ? Changes in survival signaling modulate the dissociation rate of mitochondrial Bax ? Accumulation of Bax on mitochondria sensitizes cells to apoptosis     

Phage dUTPases Control Transfer of Virulence Genes by a Proto-Oncogenic G Protein-like Mechanism

1. Download : Download high-res image (260KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

Highlights? dUTPases are signaling molecules acting in analogous manner to the G proteins ? Binding to dUTP induces a conformational change in the phage-encoded dUTPases ? The dUTP-bound form of the phage dUTPases induces transfer of virulence genes ? The dUTPase P loop-like motif V is the molecular switch of the signaling mechanism