类产碱假单胞菌耐热碱性脂肪酶基因的克隆

将类产碱假单胞菌(Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligene)总DNA经Sau3AI部分酶解后的35～50kbDNA片段与经BamHI线性化及CIAP处理过的粘粒pIJ285连接,以大肠杆菌LE392为受体,构建类产碱假单胞菌的基因文库。通过三丁酸甘油酯平板和橄榄油平板法检测克隆子,获得一株具有耐热碱性脂肪酶活性的菌株LE392(pHZ1401)。随后将pHZ1401上的外源DNA片段进行亚克隆,从而获得了具有脂肪酶活性的菌株HB101(pHZ1402)和HB101(pHZ1403),它们分别携带有2.9kb和3.0kb的外源片段。两外源片段约有2kb的重叠区。HB101(pHZ1403)所分泌的脂肪酶活性比HB101(pHZ1402)高4倍,是出发菌的5倍。     

类产碱假单胞菌耐热碱性脂肪酶的研究

从福建省福州市温泉澡堂污水浸润土壤中分离筛选到一株耐热碱性脂肪酶产生菌——类产碱假单胞菌(Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes)F331。产酶最适条件为:碳源小麦粉,氮源豆饼粉,起始培养pH9.4～9.5,培养温度24～26℃,培养周期32～34h。经硫酸铵盐析、Sepharose 4B和Sephadex G-200柱层析得到纯化的酶组分。该酶最适作用温度50℃,最适作用pH 10.0,60℃保温80min酶活基本不损失,在pH 7.0～10.0范围内酶蛋白稳定:Ca~(2+)和Mg~(2+)对酶有激活作用,Pb~(2+).Zn~(2+)、Fe~(2+)和Co~(2+)对酶活有抑制作用。该酶分子量45700。     

产脂肪酶嗜碱细菌的筛选及酶学性质研究

目的:筛选产脂肪酶嗜碱细菌,并研究其酶学性质.方法:以豆油为唯一碳源的固体平板筛选产酶菌株,16S rDNA同源性分析确定微生物菌属,单因素实验优化产酶条件、研究酶学性质.结果:筛选出1株产脂肪酶的嗜碱菌株,鉴定为假单胞菌(Pseudomonas),命名为Pseudomonas sp.C-36.菌株产酶的最佳培养条件为:甘油2%(V/V).蛋白胨0.7%(W/V),酵母提取物0.5%(W/V),K2HPO4 0.2%(W/V),MsS04·7H2O 0.05%(W/V),NaCl 0.3%(W/V),Triton X-100 0.01%(W/V),pH 9.5,转速180r/min,37℃下培养24h,产酶量为2.782 IU/ml.该酶的最适温度和pH分别为40℃和9.0,50℃时酶活半衰期为2h.Ca2+等金属离子对该酶酶活具有促进作用,而Zn2+对酶活的抑制作用明显.有机溶剂的耐受性实验表明,该酶在疏水性有机溶剂中稳定性良好.结论:筛选得到1株嗜碱的脂肪酶产生菌C-36,并鉴定为Pseudomonas.     

嗜麦芽假单胞菌酪氨酸酶基因在类产碱假单胞菌中的转移与表达

类产碱假单胞菌 (Pseudomonaspseudoalcaligenes)是从盐城市农村粪池中采集的自然病死蝇蛆体内分离的具有显著杀蛆作用的细菌 ,野外使用易受阳光中紫外线的影响而失活。黑色素具有很强的抗辐射作用。将构建的含有嗜麦芽假单胞菌酪氨酸酶基因的质粒pWSY导入类产碱假单胞菌体内 ,使后者获得了稳定产生黑色素的能力。Southern杂交实验证实酪氨酸酶基因来源于嗜麦芽假单胞菌。SDS PAGE电泳显示该重组子体内额外表达了一分子量约为 1 8kD的蛋白 ,该蛋白很可能就是重组子表达的酪氨酸酶。经测定 ,重组子抗辐射作用明显增强 ,有效杀蛆时间显著延长 ,对畜、禽安全     

假单胞菌产脂肪酶条件的初步探索

对假单胞菌（Pseudomonassp）2106菌株产脂肪酶条件的初步探索表明,该菌株脂肪酶为组成型,不受油脂类底物的诱导。碳源的种类（单糖、双糖、多糖）和浓度对产酶影响不大,氮源以豆饼粉和玉米浆混合添加最好。最适发酵温度为32℃,摇瓶转速140r／min。实验中还通过正交试验优化了产酶培养基组成。     

荧光假单胞菌短链脱氢酶的克隆、表达及酶学性质分析

为了研究荧光假单胞菌中短链脱氢酶的生理角色和催化特性,从荧光假单胞菌Pseudomonas fluorescens GIM1.49基因组DNA克隆表达了一个短链脱氢酶的编码基因pfd,并分析了该基因产物的酶学性质。基因pfd全长684 bp,编码227个氨基酸,推算分子量为24.2 kDa。将携带短链脱氢酶基因的重组质粒pET28b-pfd转入大肠杆菌BL21(DE3) 进行表达,得到了28 kDa的表达产物。重组荧光假单胞菌短链脱氢酶 (PFD) 能氧化4-氯-3-羟基丁酸乙酯、1-苯乙醇、苯甲醇、仲丁醇和还原4-氯-乙酰乙酸乙酯、2-溴-苯乙酮、4-溴-苯乙酮等底物。以4-氯-3-羟基丁酸乙酯为底物时活力最高,Km值为186.90 mmol/L,Vmax为89.56 U/mg。氧化4-氯-3-羟基丁酸乙酯时,最适反应温度和pH分别为12 ℃和10.5,倾向于利用NAD+作辅酶;而还原4-氯-乙酰乙酸乙酯时,最适温度和pH为24 ℃和8.8,倾向于利用NADPH作辅酶。重组PFD能耐受50％ (V/V) 的甲醇等有机助溶剂,Ca2+ (1 mmol/L) 和EDTA (5 mmol/L) 对其酶活有一定的促进作用。上述结果表明,重组PFD是一个新型的短链脱氢酶,其代谢角色推测与卤代次级醇的氧化降解有关。     

类产碱假单胞菌谷氨酸脱氢酶的纯化和性质

谷氨酸脱氢酶（Ｇｌｕｔａｍａｔｅｄｅｈｙｄｒｏｇｅｎａｓｅ,ＧＤＨ）可逆催化谷氨酸脱氨生成α酮戊二酸和氨,是一种依赖ＮＡＤ（Ｐ）的脱氢酶。其分子形式主要为六聚体或四聚体,大多数ＧＤＨ为六聚体［１］。该酶广泛存在于原核生物和真核生物,在氮、碳代谢的联系方面发挥重要作用。至今已有很多细菌ＧＤＨ得到详细研究［２～４］,但未见类产碱假单胞菌ＧＤＨ的研究报道。本文通过研究类产碱假单胞菌ＧＤＨ的纯化和性质,为揭示该菌的氮、碳代谢机制奠定基础。１　材料和方法１－１　细菌培养液体培养基为含柠檬酸和氯化铵的微量…     

假单胞菌脂肪酶的研究进展

脂肪酶是一种重要的工业用酶,来自于假单胞菌的脂肪酶较来自其它菌株的具有更强的温度、有机溶剂耐受性等比较优势,在有机合成、食品工业、药物制造、油脂深加工等工业应用方面应用潜力巨大。对假单胞菌脂肪酶的分类及性质、结构、表达调控和分泌机制等进行了简要的概述。     

类产碱假单胞菌酪氨酸酶基因重组子所产黑色素性质的研究

将构建的含有嗜麦芽假单胞菌酪氨酸酶基因的重组质粒导入从自然病死蝇蛆体内分离的具有显著杀蛆作用的类产碱假单胞菌体内 ,使后者获得了稳定产生黑色素的能力 ,具有很强的抗辐射作用。所产黑色素是无定形物质 ,在大多数有机和无机溶剂中溶解度低或不溶解 ,在碱性溶液中有较好的溶解性 ,在中性及弱酸性溶液中溶解度低 ,在pH <4的溶液中沉淀 ;可用过氧化氢或次氯酸钠氧化 ,也能被银离子或硫化氢还原 ;含有自由基 ,并能清除由紫外线诱导产生的自由基 ;能吸收所有波长的光线 ,在紫外波长下吸收值最大 ,能有效地保护紫外辐射对蛋白质及DNA等生物大分子物质的损害。     

粘质沙雷氏菌脂肪酶基因的克隆表达和酶学性质的研究

目的:克隆粘质沙雷氏菌脂肪酶基因(lipA)使其在大肠杆菌B121(DE3)中实现高效表达,并对重组酶进行酶学性质研究.方法:以产脂肪酶粘质沙雷氏菌总DNA为模板,PCR扩增脂肪酶基因lipA,构建重组表达载体pET-lipA,并将其导入大肠杆菌进行诱导表达,对表达产物进行SDS-PAGE和酶学性质的测定.结果:经过优化培养条件,脂肪酶活力最高能达到104U/mL.重组脂肪酶的最适反应温度为40～45℃,最适pH为7.0～7.5,在50℃保温1h下仍能保持80%的酶活力,Ca2+、Sr2+、Mn2+和Mg2+对脂肪酶酶活有较强的激活作用,尤其是Ca2+使脂肪酶酶活提高了1倍多,而Ni2+、Fe2+、Fe3+、Cu2+、Zn2+和Al3+对酶活具有较强的抑制作用,尤其是Zn2+和Al3+使酶活力几乎完全丧失.该酶对一些有机溶剂有较好的耐受性,与50%甲醇混合24h,仍能保持84%的酶活力.结论:该脂肪酶具有较好的热稳定性和甲醇耐受力,作为生产生物柴油的催化剂具有很大的应用价值,为基因工程酶法生产生物柴油打下良好的基础.     

Genetic system in Pseudomonas alcaligenes NCIB 9867

Abstract Genetic transfer of both auxotrophic and catabolic markers was detected in filter matings of mutant strains of Pseudomonas alcaligenes NCIB 9867. Bidirectional transfer of auxotrophic markers was demonstrated in most of the crosses. Strains could either act as donors or recipients. Polarized transfer of auxotrophic markers was observed in some crosses. There was low co-inheritance of both 2,5X⁺ catabolic marker and auxotrophic markers. No evidence could be presented indicating the involvement of the indigenous 33-kb plasmid in the genetic transfer process. Partial sensitivity to DNase was observed in some of the crosses. Maximum frequency of recombinant formation obtained with mating cultures from stationary growth phase suggested an influence of physiological states on genetic transfer. As transfer did not appear to be due to classical transformation or to be plasmid-mediated, the likely mechanism could involve the release of DNA upon intimate cell-to-cell contact. The gene transfer system may be useful for linkage analysis of closely linked genes.     

Cloning,expression and characterization of a lipase gene (<Emphasis Type="Italic">lip3</Emphasis>) from<Emphasis Type="Italic"> Pseudomonas aeruginosa</Emphasis> LST-03

A lipase gene (lip3) was cloned from the Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain LST-03 (which tolerates organic solvents) and expressed in Escherichia coli. The cloned sequence includes an ORF consisting of 945 nucleotides, encoding a protein of 315 amino acids (Lip3 lipase, 34.8 kDa). The predicted Lip3 lipase belongs to the class of serine hydrolases; the catalytic triad consists of the residues Ser-137, Asp-258, and His-286. The gene cloned in the present study does not encode the LST-03 lipase, a previously isolated solvent-stable lipase secreted by P. aeruginosa LST-03, because the N-terminal amino acid sequence of the Lip3 lipase differs from that of the LST-03 lipase. Although the effects of pH on the activity and stability of the Lip3 lipase, and the temperature optimum of the enzyme, were similar to those of the LST-03 lipase, the relative activity of the Lip3 lipase at lower temperatures (0–35°C) was higher than that of the LST-03 lipase. In the absence of organic solvents, the half-life of the Lip3 lipase was similar to that of the LST-03 lipase. However, in the presence of most of the organic solvents tested in this study (the exceptions were ethylene glycol and glycerol), the stability of the Lip3 lipase was lower than that of the LST-03 lipase.Communicated by H. Ikeda     

嗜麦芽假单胞菌酪氨酸酶基因在大肠杆菌中的克隆与表达

酪氨酸酶基因（ｍｅｌ）编码的酪氨酸酶是合成黑色素的关键酶。用鸟枪法分离嗜麦芽假单胞菌的ｍｅｌ基因：以ｐＵＣ１８为载体,Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉ ＨＢ１０１为受体菌,在加有一定量的Ａｍｐ和Ｌ－ｔｙｒ的酪素平板上筛选到分泌可溶性黑色素的转化子,所含重组质粒ｐＷＳＹ约７００ｂｐ的外源ＤＮＡ片段上携有ｍｅｌ基因,该片段无ＢａｍＨＩ、ＨｉｎｄＩＩＩ、ＥｃｏＲＩ、ＢｃｌＩ等酶的识别位点。Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交证实此片段确实     

Cloning and expression of gene, and activation of an organic solvent-stable lipase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa LST-03

Organic solvent-tolerant Pseudomonas aeruginosa LST-03 secretes an organic solvent-stable lipase, LST-03 lipase. The gene of the LST-03 lipase (Lip9) and the gene of the lipase-specific foldase (Lif9) were cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. In the cloned 2.6 kbps DNA fragment, two open reading frames, Lip9 consisting of 933 nucleotides which encoded 311 amino acids and Lif9 consisting of 1,020 nucleotides which encoded 340 amino acids, were found. The overexpression of the lipase gene (lip9) was achieved when T7 promoter was used and the signal peptide of the lipase was deleted. The expressed amount of the lipase was greatly increased and overexpressed lipase formed inclusion body in E. coli cell. The collected inclusion body of the lipase from the cell was easily solubilized by urea and activated by using lipase-specific foldase of which 52 or 58 amino acids of N-terminal were deleted. Especially, the N-terminal methionine of the lipase of which the signal peptide was deleted was released in E. coli and the amino acid sequence was in agreement with that of the originally-produced lipase by P. aeruginosa LST-03. Furthermore, the overexpressed and solubilized lipase of which the signal peptide was deleted was more effectively activated by lipase-specific foldase.     

Cloning and functional analysis by gene disruption of a novel gene involved in indigo production and fluoranthene metabolism in Pseudomonas alcaligenes PA-10

A novel indole dioxygenase (idoA) gene has been cloned from Pseudomonas alcaligenes PA-10, based on its ability to convert indole to indigo. The chromosomally encoded idoA gene exhibits no similarity to previously cloned naphthalene dioxygenases or to aromatic oxygenases from other species at the nucleotide level. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that the idoA gene product is most similar to an acyl-CoA dehydrogenase from Novosphingobium aromaticivorans. The enzyme encoded by the idoA gene is essential for the metabolism of fluoranthene, since a mutant in which the idoA gene has been disrupted looses the ability to degrade this compound. The idoA gene appears to be constitutively expressed in PA-10, but its expression is also subject to regulation following prior exposure to salicylate and to fluoranthene degradative intermediates.     

海洋低温蛋白酶菌株发酵条件的研究(Ⅱ)

建立了海洋低温蛋白酶菌株(Pseudomonasalcaligenes简写为Pa040523)发酵最适pH值、温度、时间、接种量、通气量分别为5·5、12℃、72h、7%、170mL;在最适发酵条件下,Pa040523菌株50L发酵罐中低温蛋白酶活性为1,976·2U/mg。     

Characterization of IS1474, an insertion sequence of the IS21 family isolated from Pseudomonas alcaligenes NCIB 9867

A new insertion sequence (IS) designated IS1474 was isolated from Pseudomonas alcaligenes NCIB 9867 (P25X). IS1474 is a 2632 bp element which showed a characteristic IS structure with 12 bp inverted repeats (IRs) flanking a 2608 bp central region. IS1474 contained four open reading frames (ORF1–ORF4), two in each orientation. Similarities were detected between ORF1 and ORF2 and the putative transposases of the IS21 family. Sequences upstream from IS1474 were found to display up to 89% homology with IS53 from Pseudomonas syringae suggesting that IS1474 had inserted into another related IS element designated IS1475. An open reading frame, ORF5, located at the junction of IS1474 and IS1475, showed similarities with the IstB protein of IS21 and could possibly be the transposase subunit of IS1475. Transposition assays showed that IS1474 transposed at a relatively low frequency leading to cointegration with target plasmids. Hybridization studies showed that IS1474 is present in at least 13 copies in the chromosome of P25X and one copy on its endogenous plasmid.     

Cloning and expression of novel lipase from entomopathogenic fungi,Beauveria bassiana

Lipase, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of triacylglycerol, is one of the enzymes of interest in the bio-industry. In this study, strains of entomopathogenic fungi were screened for their lipase activity and the characteristics of lipase isolated from Beauveria bassiana JEF-351 strain showing high lipase activity were investigated. Lipase gene of B. bassiana JEF-351 strain, BBL351, was introduced into the genome of Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) and recombinant lipases were expressed as non-secreted and secreted protein, respectively. Enzyme activity of BBL351 was higher when the protein was expressed as secreted form, demonstrating that post-translational modification such as glycosylation is crucial for enzyme activity. In addition, the enzyme activity of BBL351 was higher than that of CML, which is an sn-1(3) regioselective lipase reported from Cordyceps militaris. These results suggested that the lipase derived from the B. bassiana JEF-351 strain could be useful as biocatalyst in the biotechnological applications.     

Proteome investigation of the global regulatory role of sigma 54 in response to gentisate induction in Pseudomonas alcaligenes NCIMB 9867

Pseudomonas alcaligenes NCIMB 9867 (strain P25X) utilizes the gentisate pathway for the degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons. The gene encoding the alternative sigma (sigma) factor sigma(54), rpoN, was cloned from strain P25X and a rpoN knock-out strain, designated G54, was constructed by insertional inactivation with a kanamycin resistance gene cassette. The role of sigma(54) in the physiological response of P. alcaligenes P25X to gentisate induction was assessed by comparing the global protein expression profiles of the wild-type P25X with the rpoN mutant strain G54. Analysis of two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis gels showed that 39 out of 355 prominent protein spots exhibited differential expression as a result of the insertional inactivation of rpoN. Identification of the protein spots by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight/time of flight revealed a wide diversity of proteins that are affected by the sigma(54) mutation, the largest group being proteins that are involved in carbon metabolism. The strictly inducible gentisate 1,2-dioxygenase, one of two isofunctional copies of the key enzyme in the gentisate pathway, and enzymes of the TCA cycle, pyruvate metabolism and gluconeogenesis were part of this group. Other proteins that are part of the sigma(54) regulon include enzymes implicated in nitrogen metabolism, transport proteins, stress-response proteins and proteins involved in cell motility. The results of this study showed that sigma(54) plays a global regulatory role in the expression of a wide variety of genes in P. alcaligenes, including the wild-type response to the presence of the aromatic inducer, gentisate.     

Cloning,molecular characterization,and expression analysis of Copine 8

Copines are ubiquitously expressed, phospholipid-binding proteins that have been conserved through evolution. In this paper, we report the cloning and molecular characterization of a new member of the Copine family, Copine 8. This gene has been isolated and characterized using a combination of bioinformatic and experimental approaches. Using an algorithm to cluster ESTs (expressed sequence tags) that are available through the public "GoldenPath" database, Copine 8 was initially identified as a gene predominantly expressed in prostate and testis. Cloning and molecular analysis revealed that this gene is expressed in low-levels in most tissues examined. Two different isoforms of this gene have been isolated. Strongest expression of Copine 8 mRNA is seen in the prostate, heart, and brain. Taken together, this data suggest that Copine 8 may have an important role to play in prostate regulation and development.