微卡对支气管哮喘Thl/Th2类细胞因子失衡的调节作用

目的探讨微卡对哮喘ThI/Th2类细胞因子失衡的调节作用。方法选取确诊的轻中度哮喘40例,所有患者深部肌肉注射微卡22.5μg,每2周1次,共8周,并在治疗前、治疗后1月、2月分别抽取静脉血3 ml检测IFN-γ和IL-4水平(ELISA法)。结果微卡治疗后1月即可纠正失衡的IFN-γ/IL-4,其中以治疗后2月作用较明显,且未见明显的药物不良反应。结论微卡通过调节失衡的Th1/Th2平衡而达到抗气道炎症作用,可作为哮喘的防治药物。     

Th2型细胞因子在支气管哮喘发作过程中的表达

支气管哮喘是由多种细胞特别是肥大细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞和T淋巴细胞参与的慢性气道炎症。对支气管哮喘发病机制的认识近年有重大改变 ,Th2型细胞的作用被认为是支气管哮喘发作过程的中心 ,综述了由Th2型细胞产生的细胞因子在支气管哮喘发病过程中的作用及意义。     

皮下免疫治疗联合沙美特罗替卡松粉吸入剂对中度支气管哮喘缓解期患儿血清Th1/Th2相关细胞因子表达水平的影响

摘要 目的：探讨皮下免疫治疗联合应用沙美特罗替卡松粉吸入剂治疗中度支气管哮喘缓解期患儿的临床疗效及对Th1/Th2相关细胞因子表达水平的影响。方法：选取南方医科大学佛山市妇幼保健院2020年1月～2020年12月收治的中度支气管哮喘缓解期120例患儿,按随机分组原则分为观察组和对照组各60例。对照组予以沙美特罗替卡松粉吸入剂（舒利迭）治疗,早上及晚上各吸1次。观察组在对照组的基础上给予皮下免疫治疗,进行12个月疗程的治疗。对比两组患儿支气管哮喘发作次数以及临床控制率、肺功能变化。检测两组患儿血清Th1相关细胞因子[白细胞介素-2（IL-2）、γ干扰素（IFN-γ）]和Th2相关细胞因子[白细胞介素-4（IL-4）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）]水平。结果：与治疗前相比,两组患儿治疗6月及治疗12个月后发作次数均显著降低（P＜0.05）,且观察组患儿哮喘发作的次数低于对照组（P＜0.01）;治疗12个月后,观察组患儿的临床控制率显示为90%,显著高于对照组的66.67％（P＜0.05）。治疗6个月后、治疗12个月后,观察组患儿的第1 秒呼气流速（FEV₁）占正常预计值百分比（FEV₁%）及呼气峰流速（PEF）占正常预计值百分比（PEF%）均显著高于对照组（P＜0.01）;而与治疗6个月后相比,两组治疗12个月后上述2项指标均显著升高,且观察组明显高于对照组（P＜0.01）。治疗12个月后,两组患儿血清IL-2、IFN-γ水平均显著升高,且观察组明显高于对照组（P＜0.01）;而两组血清IL-4、IL-6水平均显著下降,且观察组明显低于对照组（P＜0.01）。结论：皮下免疫治疗联合沙美特罗替卡松粉（舒利迭）治疗中度支气管哮喘缓解期患儿的临床疗效确切,患儿支气管哮喘发作次数明显减少,肺功能改善明显,其作用机制可能与调节Th1/Th2相关细胞因子平衡有关。     

Th17及Th1相关细胞因子与支气管哮喘的关系研究

目的:分析外周血Th17、Th1及相关细胞因子表达水平和支气管哮喘(bronchial asthma,BA)发生、发展的相关性研究。方法:回顾选取我院收治的BA病例57份,称作BA组,另选取呼吸系统正常的病例55例为对照组,检测两组入选者的外周血IL-2、TNF-α、Th17、IL-6、Th1指标表达差异,并进行多因素回归分析。结果:BA组Th17(0.62±1.67)%、Th1(1.45±0.48)%及Th1/Th17(2.33±1.28)均显著低于对照组(P均0.05);BA组TNF-α(27.46±8.12)pg/mL、IL-6(11.69±2.14)pg/mL表达量显著高于对照组,IL-2(2.58±3.89)pg/mL、IFN-γ(3.74±6.15)pg/mL含量均显著低于对照组(P均0.05);经Logistic回归分析,TNF-α、IL-6、IFN-γ、Th1/Th17、IL-2均和BA有密切相关性(P均0.05)。结论:IL-2、IFN-γ、Th1/Th17、TNF-α、IL-6表达水平均与BA有密切关联,可能是参与BA发病的主要原因,及早进行Th17、Th1及相关细胞因子检查有助于明确病情。     

SOCS-3在哮喘Th1／Th2免疫失衡中的作用研究进展

支气管哮喘（简称哮喘）是一种以Th1／Th2免疫失衡、Th2优势应答为特征的慢性气道炎症性疾病。细胞因子信号转导抑制因子3（SOCS-3）是一类与细胞因子JAK／STAT信号转导途径有关的负反馈调节因子,参与细胞固有免疫、获得性免疫和炎症反应。近年来研究发现,在哮喘的发生发展中SOCS-3均表现出分子水平或功能的异常,提示SOCS．3可作为哮喘诊断和治疗的新靶点。就SOCS-3与哮喘的关系研究进展进行综述,讨论其在哮喘Th1／Th2免疫失衡中的作用。     

先兆流产患者阴道微生态与Th1及Th2细胞因子的关系探讨

目的 探讨先兆流产患者阴道微生态与Th1及Th2类细胞因子的关系。 方法 回顾性分析2019年2月-2020年2月医院收治的98例先兆流产患者的资料,记为A组,另回顾性分析同期在该院体检的92例健康孕妇的资料,记为B组。对比A组和B组阴道微生物菌群组成,对比A组和B组血清Th1及Th2类细胞因子水平,采用Pearson相关性分析,分析先兆流产患者阴道微生物菌群相对丰度与血清Th1及Th2类细胞因子水平的相关性。 结果 A组阴道微生物群Chao1指数、Shannon指数均低于B组(P结论 先兆流产患者阴道微生物菌群分布与血清Th1及Th2细胞因子水平相关。     

Th1／Th2迁移与支气管哮喘研究进展

支气管哮喘是由多种炎症细胞和细胞组分参与的气道慢性炎症疾病。发病机制尚未明了,但作为一种免疫调节异常性疾病已取得大多学者的共识。支气管哮喘是一种Th1／Th2细胞数量及其功能失衡,主要表现为Th2数量及其功能优势的疾病。     

蛙皮素受体亚型-3与支气管哮喘Th1/Th2免疫失衡

蛙皮素受体亚型-3(bombesin receptor subtype 3,BRS-3)是新近发现的一种蛙皮素样肽受体,目前其天然配体尚未确定,属于孤儿受体。BRS-3具有广泛的生物学功能,涉及能量代谢、神经内分泌、细胞生长和增殖等。另有研究证实,BRS-3参与气管内环境稳态的维持。本文从BRS-3的编码基因和结构,以及其在气管重塑和Th1/Th2免疫失衡中的作用这3个方面,对BRS-3与支气管哮喘的关系进行综述。     

小青龙汤对小鼠支气管哮喘模型气道炎症及细胞因子的影响

目的:探讨中药方剂小青龙汤对小鼠哮喘模型气道炎症及细胞因子的影响。方法:40只BALB/c小鼠随机分为正常对照组(A组)、哮喘模型组(B组)、小青龙汤低剂量组(C组)和小青龙汤高剂量组(D组)。B、C、D组采用卵蛋白(OVA)腹腔注射致敏与雾化吸入激发制作哮喘模型。于OVA激发结束后24h收集支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)计数炎性细胞总数及嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS)数目,并测定BALF上清液中白细胞介素-4(IL-4)和干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)水平变化。结果:小青龙汤的干预治疗能显著降低小鼠BALF中炎性细胞总数及EOS数量;BALF上清液中IFN-γ水平明显升高,IL-4水平显著下降。D、C组与A组、B组有显著性差异(P<0.05),C组与D组结果亦存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:小青龙汤能明显降低哮喘小鼠BALF中炎性细胞数量,影响细胞因子水平变化,从而改善哮喘气道炎症。     

转录因子T-bet与Th1/Th2及哮喘的关系

T-bet特异表达于胸腺细胞和Th1细胞,参与调控机体的免疫应答。随着众多学者对该转录因子研究的深入,发现T-bet的表达与Th1/Th2比例失衡有着密切的关系。而Th1/Th2正是目前哮喘发病机制的研究热点。就转录因子T-bet与Th1/Th2及哮喘的关系作一综述。     

Alternative NAD+-dependent formate dehydrogenases in the facultative methylotroph Mycobacterium vaccae 10

Mycobacterium vaccae 10 growing in methanol medium synthesizes two inducible alternative NAD(+)-dependent formate dehydrogenases (FDH). In the presence of molybdenum, the dominating form of the enzyme is FDHI with Mr 440 kDa and Km 0.32 mM for sodium formate. FDHI reduced ferricyanide as well as NAD+, and it was reversibly inactivated by formate. NAD+ stabilized FDHI against this inactivation. Under conditions of artificial molybdenum deficiency (tungsten in the medium), the second enzyme (FDHII) appeared with Mr about 93 kDa and Km 8.3 mM for sodium formate, and no FDHI activity was detected. FDHII did not reduce ferricyanide and was not inactivated by formate. The activity of FDHI was restored in tungsten-grown cells by pulse addition of molybdenum under conditions of blocked protein synthesis, suggesting the pre-existence of inactive apo-FDHI.     

The effect of long-term treatment with erythromycin on Th1 and Th2 cytokines in diffuse panbronchiolitis

Diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB) is a chronic progressive disease of the respiratory bronchioles, and has been improved by low-dose, long-term erythromycin (EMC) treatment. The therapeutic benefits may be derived from its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties rather than antimicrobial effect. However, there are few studies about the mechanism of immunomodulation by EMC treatment for patient with DPB. In this study, we quantified the changes of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid from patients with DPB after long term treatment with EMC. After the EMC treatment, a significant reduction in the number of lymphocytes was observed, and the CD4/CD8 ratio was elevated as well. The IL-2 and IFN-gamma levels in the BAL fluid were significantly decreased and the IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 levels were significantly increased after EMC treatment. Our results suggest that the therapeutic benefits of long-term EMC treatment may be partially due to the immune system's shift from Th1 to Th2 cytokine production.     

The expression of the Mycobacterium aurum carotenogenesis operon is not repressed by the repressor of Mycobacterium vaccae photoinducible carotenogenesis

Abstract The photochromogenic Mycobacterium vaccae ATCC 15483 was successfully transformed using the recombinant plasmid pC1 which contained a 10.83-kb DNA fragment representing the carotenogenesis operon from the scotochromogenic species Mycobacterium aurum A⁺. Experiments on the ability of transformed bacteria to synthesize carotenes in the dark or upon photoinduction revealed that transformed organisms were able to synthesize carotenes in the dark. Therefore, it was concluded that the expression of the M. aurum carotenogenesis operon in M. vaccae was not under control by the repressor of the M. vaccae photo-inducible carotenogenesis.     

Effect of interferon-beta and atorvastatin on Th1/Th2 cytokines in multiple sclerosis

Beneficial effects by both interferon-beta and statin treatment in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) may be linked to interference with the Th1/Th2 cytokine balance. We determined patterns of Th1/Th2 cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-2, IL-6, IL-12p70, tumor-necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interferon-gamma, and IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10, respectively) in the serum of patients with relapsing-remitting MS treated with 250microg interferon-beta 1b or with interferon-beta plus 40mg atorvastatin. In treatment na?ve patients with MS, a trend for lower TNF-alpha serum levels compared to controls was detected (P=0.08). Interferon-beta treatment increased TNF-alpha levels, while a trend for lowering of IL-5 serum levels was found (P=0.07). Addition of atorvastatin raised IL-12p70 serum levels (P<0.05). Mean levels of two Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-10) showed a non-significant increase after addition of atorvastatin. We conclude that interferon-beta and atorvastatin exert divergent action on Th1/Th2 serum cytokines levels in MS. Supplemental atorvastatin might promote a Th1-type response by raising IL-12p70. Further studies are required to support a Th2 cytokine shift by atorvastatin in patients with MS.     

Age-related differentiations of Th1/Th2 cytokines in newborn infants

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate age-related differentiation of immune response in newborns by measuring serum concentrations of interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) during the perinatal period. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Fifty-seven healthy term neonates, their mothers and 25 healthy adults (controls) age-matched to the mothers were included in the study. Cytokine concentrations were measured in the umbilical cord (UC), and in first-day (1N) and fifth-day (5N) neonatal samples, compared with those in maternal serum (MS) and control serum samples. RESULTS: Serum IL-2 concentrations in the UC were markedly elevated compared with those in MS and controls (p < 0.0001), decreasing significantly thereafter up to 5N (p < 0.001). IL-4 serum concentrations did not differ significantly between the UC, 1N and 5N samples; they were, however, markedly elevated compared with those in MS (p < 0.001, p < 0.0007 and p < 0.0001, respectively) and controls (p < 0.05, p < 0.01 and p < 0.006, respectively). IFN-gamma serum concentrations were significantly lower in the UC compared with those in controls (p < 0.04), increasing significantly up to 5N (p < 0.03). Both IFN-gamma/IL-2 and IFN-gamma/IL-4 ratios increased significantly in 5N, compared with those in the UC (p < 0.001 and p < 0.03). CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate a differential cytokine balance at birth with enhanced expression of IL-2 and IL-4 against IFN-gamma. However, a regularization of immune response seems to proceed quickly during the early neonatal life.     

Immunomodulatory cytokines in asthmatic inflammation

The development of asthmatic inflammation involves a complex array of cytokines that promote the recruitment and activation of a number of different immune cells. While factors involved in initiating and establishing inflammation are well characterized, the process by which this pro-inflammatory cascade is regulated is less well understood. The identification and characterization of immunomodulatory cytokines in asthma has been a difficult proposition. Many of the putative regulatory factors have pleiotropic bioactivities and have been characterized as pro-inflammatory in association with certain pathologic conditions. This chapter addresses the potential role of several endogenous factors which appear to attenuate asthmatic inflammation. Understanding the integration of these factors into the regulation of the inflammatory process will likely result in novel therapeutic approaches.