Complete denture wearing and fractures among edentulous patients treated in university clinics

doi: 10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2011.00551.x
Complete denture wearing and fractures among edentulous patients treated in university clinics Objective: The prevalence of wearing and fracture of complete dentures was evaluated among edentulous patients treated in two dental schools in Brazil. Background: Acceptance and wearing of complete dentures are related to adaptive behaviour of edentulous patients. However, one reason that could interfere with the wearing dentures is their potential to fracture, which is still a common complication in denture rehabilitation practice. Material and methods: Two hundred and twenty‐four edentulous patients rehabilitated with complete dentures from 2000 to 2005 in Araçatuba and Araraquara Dental School, University of State of São Paulo, were assessed in 2006 and 2007 to answer a questionnaire about wearing and fracture of their dentures. Statistical analysis were performed using Epi Info software and chi‐squared test to compare maxillary and mandibular data (α = 0.05). Results: Almost 26% of the patients did not wear their dentures, and among the remainder, the majority wore the maxillary denture. About 30% of the dentures were fractured, with higher prevalence in the maxillary arch (p = 0.003). Conclusions: Discontinuation of wearing dentures was quite high, especially considering the treatment which was carried out in university clinics. Prevalence of fractures was also high, greater for the maxillary denture, and was one of the main reasons for non‐wearing of complete dentures.     

The influence of age and denture wear on the size of edentulous structures

Objectives : This study was designed to evaluate the influence of age and denture use on the size of arches and residual ridges in edentulous patients. Design : At two nursing homes, maxillary and mandibular stone casts of 302 fully edentulous patients were utilized to measure the size of the arches and residual ridges, according to age and use of complete dentures. Age cohorts were divided into three groups; 60–69, 70–79, and 80–89 years old. Two hundred and forty‐nine denture wearers used complete dentures for at least 2 years before examinations. Fifty‐three non‐denture users had never worn removable prostheses. Chi‐square analysis (p<0.05) was used to establish the possible relations between the linear values and the size indexes of the ridges and arches and the two examined parameters: age and denture wear. Results : Young old patients possessed edentulous structures that were not significantly larger than elderly old patients in both the maxilla and the mandible. Non‐denture users had significantly bigger arches and ridges in both edentulous jaws than denture users. Conclusions : Young old, non‐denture users tended to have bigger residual edentulous tissues compared to elderly old patients who used complete dentures.     

下颌起排法全口排牙临床效果研究

目的:研究通过比较不同的排牙方式制作的全口义齿对咀嚼次数、咀嚼效率以及患者的主观感受的影响。方法:78例无牙颌患者按照牙槽嵴高度分为正常组和低平组,正常组有患者32例,低平组有患者46例,每组分别戴用上颌起排法和下颌起排法制作的全口义齿,比较咀嚼次数、咀嚼效率和满意度的差别。结果:在戴用上颌起排法制作的全口义齿时,正常组的咀嚼次数高于低平组,差异具有统计学意义(t=3.60,P0.05);戴用下颌起排法制作的全口义齿后,低平组的咀嚼次数高于采用上颌起排法的全口义齿,差异具有统计学意义(t=4.41,P0.05);在戴用上颌起排法制作的全口义齿中,正常组的咀嚼效率高于低平组,差异具有统计学意义(t=5.72,P0.05);而在戴用下颌起排法制作的全口义齿后,低平组的咀嚼效率高于采用上颌起排法的全口义齿,差异具有统计学意义(t=7.16,P0.05)。正常组认为使用下颌起排法制作全口义齿咀嚼能力、稳固感好于上颌起排法,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05);低平组认为使用下颌起排法制作全口义齿咀嚼能力、稳固感和舒适感好于上颌起排法,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:对于牙槽嵴低平无牙颌患者使用下颌起排法制作的全口义齿,能够有效地增强咀嚼效率,提高义齿的稳定性。     

Long-term skeletal stability after maxillary advancement with distraction osteogenesis using a rigid external distraction device in cleft maxillary deformities

Rigid external distraction is a highly effective technique for correction of maxillary hypoplasia in patients with orofacial clefts. The clinical results after correction of sagittal maxillary deformities in both the adult and pediatric age groups have been stable. The purpose of this retrospective longitudinal cephalometric study was to review the long-term stability of the repositioned maxilla in cleft patients who underwent maxillary advancement with rigid external distraction. Between April 1, 1995, and April 1, 1999, 17 consecutive patients with cleft maxillary hypoplasia underwent maxillary advancement using rigid external distraction. There were 13 male patients and four female patients, with ages ranging from 5.2 to 23.6 years (mean, 12.6 years). After a modified complete high Le Fort I osteotomy and a latency period of 3 to 5 days, patients underwent maxillary advancement with rigid external distraction until proper facial convexity and dental overjet and overbite were obtained. After active distraction, a 3- to 4-week period of rigid retention was undertaken; this was followed by removable elastic retention for 6 to 8 weeks using, during sleep time, an orthodontic protraction face mask. Cephalometric radiographs were obtained preoperatively, after distraction, at 1 year after distraction, and 2 or more years after distraction. The mean follow-up was 3.3 years (minimum, 2.1 years; maximum, 5.3 years). The following measurements were obtained in each cephalogram: three linear horizontal and two linear vertical maxillary measurements, two angular craniomaxillary measurements, and one craniomandibular measurement. Differences between the preoperative and postoperative cephalometric values were analyzed by paired t tests (p < 0.05). The cephalometric analysis demonstrated postoperatively significant advancement of the maxilla. In addition, the mandibular plane angle opened 1.2 degrees after surgery. After the 1- to 3-year follow-up period, the maxilla was stable in the sagittal plane. Minimal anteroposterior growth was observed in the maxilla compared with that exhibited in the anterior cranial base. However, there was significant vertical maxillary growth over the 3-year observation period. The mandibular plane angle tended to decrease during the follow-up period. The cephalometric data from this study support the clinical impression of maxillary stability after maxillary advancement with rigid external distraction in cleft patients. This effective and stable technique is now considered for all pediatric patients with severe cleft maxillary hypoplasia and for adolescent and adult patients with moderate to severe deformities.     

The effect of different attachment systems with implant‐retained overdentures on maximum bite force and EMG

doi: 10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2010.00389.x The effect of different attachment systems with implant‐retained overdentures on maximum bite force and EMG Objective: To compare the effect of different attachment systems with implant‐retained overdentures on maximum bite force and muscle activity using electromyography (EMG). Background: Denture retention and stability is of considerable interest in prosthetic dentistry. Materials and methods: Thirty‐five patients were examined: 15 edentulous patients treated with mandibular implant‐retained overdentures (MIRO) and maxillary dentures (MCD) (two implant‐ball attachment) (BC); 10 edentulous patients treated with MIRO and MCD (four implants‐bar attachments) (BRC); 10 patients with edentulous mandibular treated with MIRO and maxillary fixed partial dentures (MFPD) (two implant‐ball attachments) (BF). Before implant placement all patients received new dentures. After using these dentures for 3 months the maximum bite force and electrical activity of masseter muscle were measured. Two or four implants were then inserted into the intraforaminal region. After osseointegration periods, patients were treated with MIRO which duplicated their dentures and after three months the measurements were repeated. The data were collected and statistically analysed. Results: Muscle activity and chewing ability increased in the second period of measurements. Also chewing time was significantly decreased at the first measurements. The highest muscle activity was observed in the group of patients treated with group BF. Conclusion: The EMG values of the masseter muscle significantly increased when an implant attachments was used in the overdenture.     

Implant overdentures for edentulous elders: study of patient preference

Background: Studies show that elders wearing implant overdentures have improved nutrition and quality of life. However, upfront costs of this therapy are high, and the income of elderly edentulous populations is low. Objectives: This study was designed (i) to measure the preferences of edentulous patients for mandibular two‐implant overdentures using Willingness‐To‐Pay (WTP) and Willingness‐To‐Accept (WTA), (ii) to assess the effect of long‐term financing on WTP and (iii) to assess the desired role of health care plans in financing dental prostheses. Methods: Edentulous elders (68–79 years; n = 36) wearing maxillary dentures and either a mandibular conventional denture (CD, n = 13) or a two‐implant overdenture with ball attachments (IOD, n = 23) participated in this study. All had received their prostheses 2 years previously, as part of a randomised clinical trial. A three‐part questionnaire was completed during a 20‐min interview with a trained researcher. Results: Forty‐six per cent (6/13) of the CD wearers and 70% (16/23) of the IOD wearers were willing to pay three times more than the current cost of conventional dentures for implant prostheses. These percentages were increased to 77% (CD) and 96% (IOD) if participants could pay for implant overdentures in monthly instalments. Eighty‐six per cent (31/36) of all participants in both groups (21/23 IOD; 10/13 CD) thought that the government should cover at least some of the cost of implant overdentures. Conclusions: This study shows that, the majority of elderly edentate individuals who have not experienced mandibular two‐implant overdenture therapy are willing to pay the cost, particularly when payment can be made in monthly instalments.     

Maxillary complete denture movement during chewing in mandibular removable partial denture wearers

Objectives: To evaluate the pattern of maxillary complete denture movement during chewing for free‐end removable partial dentures (RPD) wearers, compared to maxillary and mandibular complete denture wearers. Materials and methods: Eighteen edentulous participants (group I) and 10 volunteers with bilateral posterior edentulous mandibles (group II) comprised the sample. Measures of mean denture movement and its variability were obtained by a kinesiographic instrument K6‐I Diagnostic System, during the mastication of bread and a polysulphide block. Data were analysed using two‐way anova (α = 0.05). Results: Upper movement during chewing was significantly lower for group II, regardless of the test food. The test food did not influence the vertical or lateral position of the denture bases, but more anterior dislocation was found when polysulphide blocks were chewed. Group II presented lower intra‐individual variability for the vertical axis. Vertical displacement was also more precise with bread as a test food. Conclusion: It can be concluded that mandibular free‐end RPD wearers show smaller and more precise movements than mandibular complete denture wearers.     

Influence of body mass index and the time of edentulousness on the residual alveolar ridge resorption in complete denture wearers

Alveolar bone loss (RRR) is a continuous process following tooth extraction, more pronounced during the first few months after the tooth extraction than later. The RRR in the mandible is twice that of the maxilla during a 1-year period and the mandibular: maxillary resorption ratio increases further to 4:1. So far, the etiology of RRR has not been elucidated. It has been speculated that both systemic and local factors contribute. The aim of this study was to analyse the rate of RRR in five different regions of both jaws on lateral cephalograms of 100 complete denture wearers during a one-year period and to compare the rate of RRR between patients being edentulous over a different period of time and between patients with different body mass index. The height of residual ridges was measured on 5 different sites at the delivery of the dentures and a year later using a calibrated grid. The results revealed significant RRR in a one year period. Body mass index had no significant influence on the rate of RRR on any of the five examined sites of the maxilla or the mandible (p > 0.05), while the period of edentulousness had a significantly higher rate of resorption in first 3 sites of measurement (anteriorly) in patients being edentulous less than 1 year than in patients being edentulous for 1-10 years or for over 10 years (ANOVA, p < 0.05).     

The effect of osteoporosis on residual ridge resorption and masticatory performance in denture wearers

doi: 10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2011.00610.x The effect of osteoporosis on residual ridge resorption and masticatory performance in denture wearers Aim: To compare masticatory performance, masticatory efficiency and residual ridge resorption (RRR) in osteoporotic and non‐osteoporotic edentulous subjects after rehabilitation with complete dentures. Method: Thirty subjects fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled from the patients visiting the Department of Prosthodontics for complete denture fabrication. Two groups consisting of control subjects (group I; N = 15) and osteoporotic subjects (group II; N = 15) were formed. Complete dentures satisfying certain criteria were fabricated for both groups. Masticatory performance and efficiency were measured 6 months after denture insertion. Areal measurements were taken on lateral cephalograms before and 6 months after denture fabrication. The data were then computed to analyse differences between groups I and II using SPSS statistical software version 15.0. Results: Six months after denture fabrication, the masticatory performance and efficiency were significantly higher (p < 0.001) for group I, with a significant decrease in maxillary and mandibular sagittal area seen in both groups. The rate of bone loss was more in group II compared with group I. Conclusion: Greater masticatory function was demonstrated by the non‐osteoporotic group, and the rate of RRR was more in the osteoporotic group compared with the normal group. In this pilot study, osteoporosis leads to greater RRR, decreased masticatory performance and efficiency in edentulous subjects 6 months after denture insertion. Screening for osteoporosis is suggested as a routine procedure for all edentulous subjects undergoing rehabilitation. Recall check‐ups for osteoporotic patients should be more frequent, and these patients may require more frequent denture remakes.     

Regional variation in morphology of vertebral centra and intervertebral joints in striped bass,Morone saxatilis

The vertebral column of fishes has traditionally been divided into just two distinct regions, abdominal and caudal. Recently, however, developmental, morphological, and mechanical investigations have brought this traditional regionalization scheme into question. Alternative regionalization schema advocate the division of the abdominal vertebrae into cervical, abdominal, and in some cases, transitional regions. Here, we investigate regional variation at the level of the vertebrae and intervertebral joint (IVJ) tissues in the striped bass, Morone saxatilis. We use gross dissection, histology, and polarized light imaging to quantify vertebral height, width, length, IVJ length, IVJ tissue volume and cross‐sectional area, and vertical septum fiber populations, and angles of insertion. Our results reveal regional differences between the first four (most rostral) abdominal vertebrae and IVJs and the next six abdominal vertebrae and IVJs, supporting the recognition of a distinct cervical region. We found significant variation in vertebral length, width, and height from cranial to caudal. In addition, we see a significant decline in the volume of notochordal cells and the cross‐sectional area of the fibrous sheath from cranial to caudal. Further, polarized light imaging revealed four distinct fiber populations within the vertical septum in the cervical and abdominal regions in contrast with just one fiber population found in the caudal region. Measurement of the insertion angles of these fiber populations revealed significant differences between the cervical and abdominal regions. Differences in vertebral, IVJ, and vertical septum morphology all predict greater range of motion and decreased stiffness in the caudal region of the fish compared with the cervical and abdominal regions. J. Morphol., 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Elders with implant overdentures: a 22-year clinical report

doi: 10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2012.00628.x Elders with implant overdentures: a 22‐year clinical report Objective: To report on the long‐term survival and prosthodontic maintenance of two edentulous adults with mandibular overdentures supported by hydroxyapatite (HA)‐coated implants. Background: Mandibular implant overdentures are a successful treatment option with positive impact on the quality of life of elderly edentulous adults. Long‐term survival of the implants requires continued rigorous prosthodontic maintenance. Clinical report: Two elderly edentulous adults with mandibular overdentures supported by 2 HA‐coated implants were presented for prosthodontic rehabilitation after 22 years of placement. The implants were osseo‐integrated and surviving at presentation based on accepted criteria. The mandibular implant overdentures suffered recurrent loss of retention and stability. Prosthodontic treatment involving the replacement of defective attachment systems and construction of new sets of mandibular implant overdentures opposing complete maxillary dentures is presented. Conclusion: The long‐term survival of mandibular 2‐implant overdentures requires continued prosthodontic maintenance. A conservative approach in the rehabilitation of two older edentulous adults with mandibular 2‐implant overdentures was described including proper selection of attachment systems.     

Cephalometric evaluation of the changes in mandibular symphysis after 7 years of denture wearing

Objective: To evaluate changes in mandibular symphysis during 7 years of complete denture wearing following extraction of natural anterior teeth. Design: Comparison among measurements taken at four different occasions in a prospective cephalometric study. Setting: The study was conducted at the Dental School of Athens University. Subjects: 10 complete denture wearers (5 women, 5 men) with average age of 53.2 years, at the beginning of the study. Measures: Linear and area measurements of the mandibular symphysis. Results: The overall reduction in the anterior mandibular height was 7.87 mm and in the mandibular symphysis area 54.8 mm² (p<0.05). Females presented higher total average reduction in both variables tested, and more rapid bone loss during the first two years of denture wear, compared to men. Superimposition of the tracings revealed considerable individual variation in mandibular symphysis changes. Conclusion: Results are in line with the findings of other authors indicating continuous reduction and dramatic inter-subject variation in the mandibular alveolar bone, following extraction of natural teeth and wearing of complete dentures.     

Residual ridge atrophy in complete denture wearers and relationship with densitometric values of a cervical spine: a hierarchical regression analysis

doi: 10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2011.00589.x Residual ridge atrophy in complete denture wearers and relationship with densitometric values of a cervical spine: a hierarchical regression analysis Background: The rate of residual ridge atrophy (RRR) and its association with mineral density of other bones have not yet been fully explained. Objective: To measure RRR over a 5‐year period in complete denture wearers and relate it to the density of a cervical spine (CSBD). Materials and methods: Sixty‐two patients (different gender, age, body mass index, duration of edentulousness (DE) and different denture‐wearing habits) participated. A copper stepwedge was attached to the cassette, and 50 lateral radiograms met the criteria to be included. Results: A significant decrease in vertical height was observed in all measured sites. The amount of RRR was highest in frontal areas of both jaws and decreased gradually towards lateral regions. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that the amount of RRR in the maxillary frontal area could be explained up to 48.4% by the variable DE and only up to 6.1% by the CSBD, while gender had almost no influence (1%). Similar results were obtained for the lateral maxillary RRR (33.9%; 7%; 2%), frontal mandibular RRR (40; 8.4; 0.4%) and lateral mandibular RRR (31.5%; 3.4%; 7.7%). Conclusion: Skeletal bone density, reflecting systemic and hereditary factors, is weakly related to RRR (3.4–8.4%).     

Decreasing of residual alveolar ridge height in complete denture wearers. A five year follow up study

The resorption of the residual alveolar ridges is a chronic and continuous process of bone remodeling. The aim of this study was to analyse the rate of residual ridge resorption at different sites in the both jaws in complete denture wearers, through a five-year period of denture wearing. Residual ridge changes were measured on successive lateral cephalograms at 5 measurement points of the maxilla and the mandible. The first lateral radiograph was obtained at the delivery of complete dentures. The second lateral cephalogram was obtained after five years of denture wearing. Measurements were performed using a calibrated grid. The results of this study showed the existence of a significant alveolar ridge resorption at all five measurement points of the maxilla and the mandible. The observed variables, such as body mass index and the night time denture wearing had no significant influence on the rate of residual alveolar ridge resorption (p > 0.05). The duration of edentulousness had a significant influence on the rate of residual ridge resorption with significantly higher amounts of alveolar bone height decrease in those patients who had lost the last remaining teeth more recently.     

Fusion of the cervical vertebrae of mammals

Morphogenesis of the cervical vertebrae has been investigated in Dipis sagitt. and in Rattus norvegicus. The main distinctive feature of the Dipis embryos at the mesenchymal stage is their very thin perichordal intervertebral rings. As a result, short cartilaginous vertebral bodies and thin intervertebral discs develop, cervical segments lengthen more slowly than those of the Rattus. Because of the small length of the Dipis cervical segments, the cartilaginous neural arches and the transverse processes of 2-6 vertebrae draw nearer and fuse. Owing to the insufficient development of the Dipis intervertebral discs and the nuclei pulposae, the normal formation of the vertebral epiphyses is disturbed, this results in fusion of the neighbouring osseous vertebral bodies.     

Glass fibre reinforced acrylic resin complete dentures: a 5-year clinical study

doi: 10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2010.00385.x Glass fibre reinforced acrylic resin complete dentures: a 5‐year clinical study Background and objectives: The aim of the study was to establish the wear resistance of the glass fiber reinforced complete dentures comparative to the traditional acrylic complete dentures. Materials and methods: Complete new dentures were made to replace old fractured ‘un’‐reinforced acrylic dentures. The total number of dentures was 30 and woven E‐glass fibre reinforcements were used in maxillary complete dentures. Unidirectional E‐glass fibre reinforcements were used as partial fibre reinforcements in mandibular complete dentures. Ten complete acrylic un‐reinforced dentures were used as control. The follow‐up period was 5 years and the recalls were made at 6 months. Results: After 5 years of wearing the new dentures, the control dentures suffered seven fractures. After 5 years all the mandibular reinforced dentures were in good shape. The maxillary complete reinforced dentures suffered four partial fractures. Fracture lines were restricted by the glass fibre net and the patients could still use their dentures. Conclusion: Pre‐impregnated E‐glass fibre nets and polymer pre‐impregnated E‐glass unidirectional fibres are useful in reinforcing acrylic resin complete dentures especially were heavy occlusal forces are involved. Glass fibre reinforcement will be applied on the tension side in both cases (total fibre reinforcement and partial fibre reinforcement). The reinforcement cannot replace the necessary linings and occlusal adjustments.     

The oral health‐related quality of life in edentulous patients treated with Conventional complete dentures

Objective: To compare the oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) between patients with both maxillary and mandibular complete denture and those with either the maxillary or the mandibular complete denture. Background: Satisfaction of denture wearers can be estimated using the OHRQoL questionnaires like the OHIP‐EDENT and the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI). Methods: Two questionnaires were used to compare the OHRQoL between edentulous patients who had conventional removable complete denture on both jaws and those who had on either one of the jaws. Result: The age of the participants ranged from 42 to 75 years, with the mean age of 58 ± 8.12 years. The mean OHIP‐EDENT scores were significantly high among those who wore conventional dentures in both jaws (54.12 ± 5.21), compared with the participants who only had denture either on upper or lower jaw (46.52 ± 7.35). It was noticed that the mean GOHAI score was significantly lower (p < 0.05) among participants who had conventional denture on both upper and lower jaw (28.25 ± 3.67), as compared to those who had conventional denture only on one arch (35.12 ± 2.11). Conclusion: Patients with complete dentures in both jaw (Group I) were less satisfied than patients with single complete denture (Group II). The result obtained in this study shows dissatisfaction with conventional dentures among edentulous patients.     

Responses of jawbone to pressure

Objective: To provide a literature review of bone resorption of edentulous jaws focusing on responses to pressure. Background: After the extraction of all teeth in a jaw there is a continuous reduction of the residual ridge. The individual variation of bone resorption is great, and the aetiology is complex and not yet well understood. Materials and methods: A search of the literature published up to May 2003 on bone resorption and pressure was performed using PubMed/Medline. Results: Animal studies have demonstrated that excessive and constant pressure induces bone resorption. Recent experimental research has indicated that bone resorption is a pressure‐regulated phenomenon with a lower threshold for continuous than for intermittent pressure. Clinical studies have suggested that residual ridge resorption is due more to the effects of denture wearing than to disuse atrophy. However, the results of leaving out dentures at night are not conclusive. Nor does the literature offer any strong evidence for the so‐called combination syndrome, which has been described as a result of unfavourable loading. Clinical studies using multivariate analyses indicate that female gender and systemic factors may be of greater importance than oral and denture factors. Implant‐supported prostheses have a bone preserving effect rather than the continuing resorption under complete dentures. Conclusions: The best way to reduce bone resorption is to avoid total extraction, preserve a few teeth and fabricate overdentures. In edentulous jaws, placement of implant‐supported prostheses will lead to less bone loss and may even promote bone growth. To increase our knowledge of residual ridge resorption extended experimental, clinical and statistical methods will be needed, preferably including collaboration between dental and medical researchers.     

The elongation of the human cervical vertebral column

Cervical vertebral elongation has been studied using serial cephalometric radiographs of 32 children examined regularly from 0.25 to 17 years. Mean vertebral body heights increased rapidly to about 2.5 years and then decelerated except for a spurt at about the age of peak height velocity. There were only small sex differences in vertebral body elongation to 12 years. From then to 15 years, the vertebral body heights in the girls exceeded those in the boys; later this sex difference was reversed. There was no pubertal spurt in disc elongation. The correlation coefficients were negative between vertebral body heights and the heights of adjoining intervertebral discs, e.g., body C3 and disc C3–4, but those between body heights or between disc heights were positive. The heights of adjacent cervical vertebral bodies were correlated more highly than the heights of non-adjacent bodies. There was a similar pattern of differences between correlation coefficients for the heights of adjacent and non-adjacent intervertebral discs.     

不同垂直骨面型错合畸形患者颈椎姿势差异的研究

目的:研究不同垂直骨面型错合畸形患者颈椎姿势的特点及差异,为正畸矫治错合畸形获得较好的临床效果及颅面、颈部生长发育的研究提供一定的参考依据。方法:采用计算机辅助X线头影测量技术,对226例不同垂直骨面型的儿童、成人在自然头位时拍摄的头颅定位侧位片进行测量研究,分别比较儿童以及成人不同垂直骨面型间颈椎姿势的差异。结果:儿童:CVT-OPT、SN-CP、SN-OPT及SN-CVT在低、均、高角各组间的差别均无统计学意义。成人:CVT-OPT在低角组与高角组间、均角组与高角组间的差别有统计学意义,高角组低于低角组和均角组,在低角组与均角组间的差别无统计学意义;SN-CP在低、均、高角各组间的差别有统计学意义,低角组<均角组<高角组;SN-OPT及SN-CVT在低角组与高角组间的差别有统计学意义,低角组<高角组,在低角组与均角组间、均角组与高角组间的差别无统计学意义。结论:不同垂直骨面型错合畸形患者的颈椎姿势在儿童无显著差异,在成人差异显著。