松毛虫赤眼蜂和螟黄赤眼蜂羧酸酯酶性质比较研究

该文对松毛虫赤眼蜂Trichogramma dendrolimi和螟黄赤眼蜂T.Chilonis羧酸酯酶的毒理学和生物化学性质进行了初步研究。由时间进程曲线确定了赤眼蜂羧酸酯酶活性测定中的最适反应时间为40min。对两种赤眼蜂单头羧酸酯酶活性的测定表明,松毛虫赤眼蜂羧酸酯酶活性主要分布在0—1OD/(mg·min)之间,而螟黄赤眼蜂羧酸酯酶活性主要分布在1-4OD/(mg·min)之间。比较两种赤眼蜂羧酸酯酶米氏常数(K_m)值,螟黄赤眼蜂羧酸酯酶对底物的亲和力比松毛虫赤眼蜂羧酸酯酶对底物的亲和力高。对氧磷对螟黄赤眼蜂和松毛虫赤眼蜂羧酸酯酶的抑制作用没有明显差异,而对氧磷对松毛虫赤眼蜂羧酸酯酶的抑制作用明显强于磷酸三苯酯(TPP)。该文还将棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner)羧酸酯酶部分性质与两种赤眼蜂作了比较。     

赤眼蜂体外培育产卵增效剂的研究(英语)

七种物质(聚乙烯醇、明胶、白乳胶、琼脂、木薯粉、米粉和淀粉一定浓度的水溶液或悬液用作松毛虫赤眼蜂Trichogramma dendrolimi拟澳洲赤眼蜂T.con fusum及广赤眼蜂T.euanescens人工体外培育的产卵增效剂以吸引这些蜂在人工卵上产卵.这七种溶液都能提高三种赤眼蜂在人工卵内的产卵量,不同的赤眼蜂对不同的增效剂有不同的产卵行为反就,我们可利用其中最有效而经济的增效剂以增强体外培育赤眼蜂的效率.     

赤眼蜂属(Trichogramma)精子的超微结构研究

利用透射电子显敢镜研究了赤眼蜂属的松毛虫赤眼蜂和玉米螟赤眼蜂精子的超微结构。精子呈线形,由头部、颈部和尾部组成。头部前端的顶体较小,为梭形,顶端稍有弯曲,它和核呈楔状拼接排列。颈部的中心粒以45°方向斜插入核内,在中心粒的外周不被中心粒侧体所包围。尾部的轴丝为9+9+2型。在副微管之间有九条粗纤维存在。一对线粒体衍生物内的晶体物质不明显。两种赤眼蜂的精子结构差异很小,松毛虫赤眼蜂精子尾部轴丝结构部分的九个链头之间没有横向联系,而在玉米螟赤眼蜂上能清楚见到。     

不同生境中马尾松毛虫赤眼蜂中间寄主研究(英文)

本文讨论了马毛松毛虫赤眼蜂在混交林、纯林及疏残林三种不同生态环境条件下的中间寄主。试验是在湖南省东部的浏阳县进行。研究结果表明松毛虫赤眼蜂共有103种中间寄主;一年中有两个危险期,在危险期内只有少量的中间寄主存在。     

陕西省赤眼蜂调查并记述—新种(膜翅目:纹翅小蜂科)

在陕西省调查采集的赤眼蜂,经制片整理共有10种,其中有1个新种。新种的模式标本保存于陕西省植保所。现列名录如下: 螟黄赤眼蜂 Trichogramna chilonis Ishii 舟蛾赤眼蜂 T.closterae Pang et Chen 松毛虫赤眼蜂 T.dendrolimi Matsumura 广赤眼蜂 T.evanescens Westwood 毒蛾赤眼蜂 T.ivelae Pang et Chen 稻螟赤眼蜂 T.japonicum Ashmead     

诊断引物应用于我国三种重要赤眼蜂分子鉴定的研究

本研究根据螟黄赤眼蜂rDNA-ITS2序列设计了螟黄赤眼蜂Trichogramma chilonis Ishii特异引物,同时采用文献中发表的松毛虫赤眼蜂Trichogramma dendrolimi Matsumura 和玉米螟赤眼蜂Trichogramma ostriniae Pang et Chen的特异引物以及赤眼蜂属Trichogramma 特异引物对赤眼蜂成虫和寄主卵样品进行了PCR特异扩增分析。结果表明,采用上述特异引物可从单头蜂稳定地扩增出明显的目的DNA条带,并且分子鉴定结果与形态学鉴定结果完全吻合。因此,采用上述3对特异引物可以实现对我国3种重要赤眼蜂种,即松毛虫赤眼蜂、螟黄赤眼蜂和玉米螟赤眼蜂的分子鉴定。     

Oviposition and offspring survival within eggs of European corn borer: discrimination of the host embryo by female Trichogramma nubilale

Oviposition preference and offspring survival relative to the location of the host embryo was tested in the egg parasitoid Trichogramma nubilale on European corn borer host eggs. Females preferentially oviposited near to the embryo on hosts about 24 h old. Survival of Trichogramma was lower when females oviposited far from the embryo, and a higher proportion of host embryos hatched. Females did not show preferences for drilling or oviposition within very young hosts relative to where the embryo would develop, and these eggs did not produce wasps or host larvae. Female behavior was apparently adaptive in day-old hosts, not to very young hosts.     

Effect of host egg viability on reproduction and development of Trichogramma cacoeciae and T. principium (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

A combination of a sterile insect technique, resulting in infertile eggs, and of an egg parasitoid, should provide better control of codling moth than either alone. Non-choice laboratory experiments were conducted with infertile and fertile codling moth eggs to evaluate the potential parasitism and reproduction of Trichogramma cacoeciae Marchal and T. principium Sug. et Sor. The tendency of T. cacoeciae females to attack infertile eggs was similar to that for fertile eggs, whereas T. principium showed a greater preference for infertile eggs than fertile eggs. The fertility status of the host did not affect the number of eggs that were parasitized but fewer F₁ progeny emerged from infertile eggs when parasitized than from fertile eggs. When T. cacoeciae and T. principium parasitized infertile host eggs their mean developmental time was prolonged but the viability and quality of parasitoid progeny was not influenced by the fertility status of the host eggs. The study demonstrates the compatibility of use of T. cacoeciae and T. principium in an integrated program employing the sterile insect technique for codling moth management.     

韩国新纪录属拟纹赤眼蜂属及一新种记述(膜翅目,赤眼蜂科)

首次报道了拟纹赤眼蜂属Lathromeroidea Girault在韩国的分布,并记述了1新种,多齿拟纹赤眼蜂Lathromeriodea multidenta sp.nov.。新种与L.ajmerensis Yousuf＆Shafee相似,但新种痣脉短于缘脉的一半,痣后脉较为发达,产卵器着生于腹部腹面基部;新种与L.silvarum Nowicki也相似,但前者个体较大,上颚具5齿,第3～5节棒节长度比例也不相同。正模标本保存于韩国首尔国立大学无脊椎动物资源库,副模保存于新疆大学生命科学与技术学院昆虫研究室。     

韩国新纪录属纹翅赤眼蜂属及一新种记述(膜翅目,赤眼蜂科)

首次报道了纹翅赤眼蜂属Lathromeris Foerster在韩国的分布,并记述了1个新种Lathromeris koreanica Hu,Lin et Kim与1个新纪录种Lathromeris germanica Girault.新种Lathromeris Koreanica与Lathromeris tumicalvata Lin相似,但新种缘前脉到痣脉下有明显的暗褐色斑块;缘前脉端部1/4处和缘脉基部1/9处有断痕.