东北春大豆样本的代表性及其SSR位点的遗传多样性分析

从3226份东北春大豆总体中选择283份春大豆种质,用质量性状和数量性状进行检测,对总体的代表性为80%.利用筛选出61对SSR核心引物对具代表性的东北春大豆样本进行分析,共检测到534个等位变异,平均每个位点的等位变异为8.75个,变幅为2～16个;遗传多样性指数变化范围在0.406～0.886,平均为0.704;东北春大豆样本在大多数位点上有优势等位变异,从而降低了其遗传多样性.其中35份种质具有特异等位变异,分布在29个位点上;各个位点上分化系数均较小,遗传多样性分化程度较低.东北春大豆中3个省种质的共有等位变异较多,以吉林省和辽宁省种质的遗传多样性表现较为一致,均高于黑龙江省种质的遗传多样性.地方品种的遗传多样性高于育成品种.东北春大豆种质资源的遗传多样性分布特点为有目的选择杂交亲本拓宽遗传基础以培育新品种提供了理论依据.     

不同生态区罂粟种质的遗传多样性ISSR分析

为了揭示罂粟种质的遗传多样性,利用ISSR分子标记进行遗传多样性研究,从100条随机引物中筛选出9条多态性引物对所有样品扩增,共检测到109个等位变异位点,引物等位位点数在9～16之间,平均每条引物有12个等位变异,其中,引物807的等位位点最多,为16个。引物等位位点多态性信息量PIC值为0.77～0.92。其中引物807的PIC值最大(0.92),引物847的PIC值最小(0.77),遗传相似系数在-0.452～0.981之间,且明显聚为2个类群;亲缘关系和地理分布呈一定的相关性,但没有形成明显的地理变异模式;本研究将为罂粟种质资源科学有效利用提供理论依据。     

乌塌菜种质资源遗传多样性的ISSR分析

利用ISSR技术对48份乌塌菜种质资源进行遗传多样性分析。从60条随机引物中筛选出稳定性强、条带清晰且多态性丰富的9条引物进行PCR扩增,共扩增出103条谱带,平均每个引物扩增出11.4条带,其中多态性带85条,多态性位点百分率为82.68%。不同乌塌菜种质间遗传相似系数变幅为0.59~0.97,说明ISSR标记能够揭示材料间较高的遗传多样性。利用UPGMA聚类分析,ISSR标记能将48份乌塌菜品种完全区分开,48份乌塌菜种质被划分为4个类群,聚类结果与叶片颜色相关,为乌塌菜品种资源的研究利用提供参考。     

河北省大豆推广品种遗传多样性分析

利用主要农艺性状以及SSR和AFLP2种分子标记,对河北省41个大豆推广品种进行遗传多样性分析,以便为种质资源利用和创新提供依据。农艺性状聚类结果将41个材料划分为3个类群和2个特殊品种,聚类结果与材料系谱来源相差悬殊,不能反映材料间亲缘关系。SSR和AFLP数据聚类结果将41个材料划分为4个SAG（SSR and AFLP—basedgroups）分子类群。30对SSR引物共检测出135个等位变异,平均每个位点上有4．47个等位变异,SSR的遗传多样性指数（Simpson）分布范围为0．0928～0．7800,平均值为0、6442。10对AFLP引物共扩增出93个多态性标记,平均每对引物9．3个多态性标记。品种间的遗传相似系数（GS）变化范围为0．5877～0．9868,平均值变化范围为0．6732～0．7653,总体平均值为0.7237,遗传相似系数较高,说明材料间遗传变异较小。     

葛根资源遗传多样性和性状关联分析

通过研究葛根资源的遗传多样性和葛根表型性状与分子标记的关联分析,为葛根的分子育种和指纹图谱构建提供理论依据。鉴定分析了127份不同来源葛根资源的10个表型性状,并用ISSR标记研究127份葛根资源的遗传多样性,对ISSR标记与表型性状进行关联分析。表型性状鉴定结果显示葛根资源的10个性状变异大、多样性较好。利用ISSR标记获得多态性条带109条,平均每个引物扩增5.73条、平均Nei's基因多样性0.2085、平均Shannon's指数0.3378,最远遗传距离为0.46。ISSR分子标记聚类分析将127份资源聚为两大类,群体结构分析和PCo A分析结果类似将127份资源分为2个亚群。GLM分析发现3个与茸毛性状关联标记,MLM分析未发现与表型性状关联的标记。本研究收集的资源遗传多样性较好,葛根分子标记聚类结果与地域关系不大,综合GLM和MLM关联分析结果,本试验未发现与表型关联位点。     

河北省冬小麦品种SSR标记遗传多样性分析

利用79对多态性较高的SSR引物,对河北省1997-2007年间审定的冬小麦品种及国家小麦区试抗旱对照品种晋麦47和洛旱2号,共计87个冬小麦品种进行遗传多样性分析。79对SSR引物共检测出175个等位变异位点,每对引物可产生1~6条等位变异位点,平均2.215条。标记位点多态性信息含量(PIC)变幅为0.824~0.998,平均为0.941;有效等位基因数(Ne)变幅为1.644~20.333,平均4.708;香农指数(H’)变幅为0.148~1.102,平均为0.544,说明河北省冬小麦品种SSR遗传多样性较低。品种间遗传相似系数(GS)变幅为0.184~0.899,平均为0.418,其中河农826与石家庄8号间的遗传相似性最高,GS高达0.899,71-3与藁优9618间的遗传相似性最低,GS为0.184。不同育种单位培育的小麦品种平均遗传相似系数存在较大差异。UPGMA遗传相似性聚类表明,石家庄市小麦新品种新技术研究所培育的小麦品种与其他单位品种存在较大的遗传差异。     

47份水稻品种资源的ISSR遗传多样性分析

为研究广东省惠州市种植的常规水稻品种的遗传多样性,本实验利用ISSR标记对47份水稻品种资源进行遗传多样性检测.从49条引物中筛选出5条重复性好,条带清晰的引物进行PCR扩增,共扩增出53条带,每个引物可以扩增出9～13条带,平均为10.6条,其中47条具有多态性,比率为88.7%.不同水稻品种间遗传相似系数变幅为0.319～0.936,平均达0.691,说明ISSR标记能够揭示材料间较高的遗传多样性.通过聚类,从分子水平对水稻品种资源的遗传关系进行分析,并对47份水稻品种资源进行分类,ISSR标记能将47份水稻品种完全区分开,为水稻品种资源的研究利用提供参考.     

黄淮麦区小麦品种(系)的ISSR位点遗传多样性分析

选用11个ISSR引物,对黄淮麦区96个小麦推广品种（系）进行遗传多样性分析。共检测到96个多态性位点,每个引物多态性位点数平均为8．7个,变幅为3～23个;ISSR引物的多态性信息含量PIC变幅为0．601～0．941,平均0．791,表明ISSR具有较强的品种间区分能力,是研究小麦种质资源遗传多样性的有效分子标记技术之一。96个品种（系）间,Nei’s遗传相似系数变化范围为0．53～0．91,平均为0．60,品种间遗传相似性变幅较大,表明黄淮麦区不同小麦品种（系）间存在着不同程度的遗传多样性差异。根据品种间遗传相似系数聚类,96份材料被聚成8大类群,共14个亚类,类群与系谱和原产地无关。     

37份龙眼种质资源亲缘关系的ISSR分析

本研究利用ISSR技术对37份龙眼种质资源进行遗传多样性检测.研究结果表明,从100条ISSR引物中筛选出7条重复性好,条带清晰的引物对37份龙眼品种基因组DNA进行扩增,共扩增出54条带,其中43条具有多态性,比率为79.6%.不同龙眼品种间遗传相似系数变幅为0.69～0.97,平均达0.83,说明ISSR标记能够揭示材料间较高的遗传多样性.UPGMA聚类结果表明,ISSR标记能将37份龙眼品种完全区分开,并能将来源于中国、越南和泰国的37份龙眼品种分别聚类到中国、越南和泰国三大品种群,说明龙眼品种资源的亲缘关系与地理因素有关,三个国家的龙眼品种之间存在较大的遗传差异.本研究结果将为为龙眼品种资源的研究利用提供参考.     

内蒙古3种生态型扁蓿豆遗传多样性与亲缘关系的分析

采用SSR分子标记结合21个表型性状对来自内蒙古3种生态型扁蓿豆种质资源的遗传多样性和亲缘关系进行了分析.结果表明:3种生态型的22份扁蓿豆材料在考察的4个质量性状上差异明显;在17个数量性状上,总体变异程度为黄花型扁蓿豆>扁蓿豆>细叶扁蓿豆;表型性状的遗传相似系数在31.59～113.27间,变异系数为43.30%.SSR分析结果显示,18对引物平均多态性比率为80.09%,引物平均等位位点数为6.06,位点多态性信息含量平均为0.32,遗传相似系数在0.37～0.47间,变异系数为61.80%.表型性状聚类、SSR分子标记聚类及主成分分析结果均显示,黄花型扁蓿豆和扁蓿豆的亲缘关系较近,与细叶扁蓿豆的亲缘关系较远.     

Assessing Genetic Diversity in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Olea europaea</Emphasis> L. Using ISSR and SSR Markers

Olea europaea L. is one of the most economically important crops in the Mediterranean area, and known for having large genetic variability. In order to assess the genetic diversity, DNA from 41 olive cultivars, present in the protected denomination of origin (PDO) region of Trás-os-Montes, was screened using inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and microsatellite (SSR) markers. Eleven ISSR primers amplified 135 reproducible bands of which 108 were polymorphic. The percentage of polymorphic bands detected by ISSR was 79%. The highest number of polymorphic bands was obtained by the use of primers UBC807 (15) and UBC809 (16). A total of 67 alleles were detected by six SSR primers, with an average of 11 alleles per primer. The number of alleles per locus ranged from five (ssrOeUaDCA05) to 15 (ssrOeUaDCA03). The observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.219 (ssrOeUaDCA05) to 0.900 (ssrOeUaDCA04), while the expected heterozygosity varied between 0.426 (ssrOeUaDCA05) and 0.887 (ssrOeUaDCA03). The polymorphism information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.392 (ssrOeUaDCA05) to 0.863 (ssrOeUaDCA03). The collection of primers selected gave a reasonable number of amplification products for the genetic diversity analysis. Based on the results, the genetic diversity among 41 olive cultivars is discussed. This study reveals the great importance of guaranteeing the differentiation of olive cultivars and their application for certification purposes.     

ISSR分子标记技术在分析玉米自交系遗传关系研究中的适用性

利用ISSR分子标记技术对59份玉米自交系和1份大刍草材料进行遗传多样性分析.21对ISSR引物共扩增出475条不同位置的带,平均22.6条;多态性带469条,平均22.3条,百分率高达98.7%;不同引物的多态性信息指数(PIC)在0.84～0.94之间.60份材料的遗传相似系数在0.23～0.48之间.经聚类分析,可将这些材料分成两大组,共9个亚组,并且在一定程度上与血缘和系谱是一致的,也存在一些例外.结果表明,ISSR标记尽管可以用于进行遗传多样性分析,但并不是最好的分子标记类型.综合考虑不同的分子标记类型的优缺点,认为ISSR标记在遗传研究较少的作物上应用潜力较大.     

Genetic analysis of Canarium album in different areas of China by improved RAPD and ISSR

To lay the foundation of the classification of Canarium album (C. album), and C. album from Terminalia Chebula (T. chebula) in different areas of China, improved RAPD and ISSR analysis were performed to analyze polymorphism and genetic relationship. Ten samples were collected from different locations in China. A total of 221 fragments were detected by improved RAPD, out of which polymorphic fragments accounted for 82.3% with average amplification bands of 10.05 per primer. ISSR markers revealed a total of 147 alleles, where polymorphic fragments accounted for 83.5%, with average amplification bands of 7.35 per primer. The sizes of fragments ranged from 200 to 2500 bp and from 150 to 2000 bp in RAPD and ISSR markers, respectively. The similarity coefficient ranged from 0.46 to 0.86 with RAPD markers and 0.36 to 0.89 with ISSR markers. The results indicated that improved RAPD and ISSR methods are useful for genetic diversity study of C. album. Thus, this study provides us the theoretical basis for the breeding and classification of C. album in South and Southwest China.     

Phenotype and genetic diversity in potato onion cultivars from three provinces of northeast China

Phenotypic characters and ISSR markers in forty nine potato onion cultivars (Allium cepa L. var. aggregatum G. Don) were investigated. Twenty three phenotypic characters, including sprouting time, plant height, spherical index, and yield, were investigated. Cluster analysis separated forty nine cultivars into five groups (D = 0.52). 143 polymorphic amplified bands, with an average of 8.41 polymorphic bands per primer, were obtained from seventeen ISSR primers. The number of polymorphic bands detected with each primer ranged from 6 to 12, with an average of 8.82. The percentage of polymorphisms was 93.5%. Genetic similarity varied from 0.4969 to 0.8616, the average value of the effective number of alleles, Nei's genetic diversity and Shannon's information index was 1.4716, 0.3072 and 0.4590, respectively. Forty nine varieties were classified into six groups according to the ISSR (D = 0.72). These results showed that two methods combined were accuracy for characterization of the genetic diversity and identification of potato onion cultivars.     

Assessment of genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship among grouper species Epinephelus spp. from the Saudi waters of the Arabian Gulf

Understanding of fish genetic characterization plays a vital role in the conservation and utilization of fish genetic resources of grouper species. The present study was carried out to assess the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships in five grouper species, Epinephelus spp. from eastern Saudi Arabian coast using two molecular marker systems, inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and microsatellite (SSR) markers. In total, 219 individuals grouper specimens (Epinephelus tauvina, E. coioides, E. bleekeri, E. malabaricus, and E. areolatus) were genotyped with 10 ISSR and 11 SSR selected primers. The ISSR produced 94 DNA fragments, of which 44 were polymorphic with an average of 2.13 fragment per primer. While SSR primers generated 107 alleles, all of them were polymorphic with an average 9.72 per primer. ISSR and SSR techniques demonstrated a high level of gene diversity and genetic distances illustrated by UPGMA dendrograms among the grouper species. The results proved that the SSR markers were highly informative and efficient in detecting genetic variability and relationships of the Epinephelus spp.     

茄子耐盐种质资源遗传多样性的SRAP和ISSR分析

利用SRAP和ISSR分子标记,研究了14份耐盐茄子种质资源的遗传多样性,结果表明,2种标记均能揭示材料间较高的遗传多样性,其中ISSR标记多态性略高于SRAP标记。在SRAP分析中,每对引物组合可扩增出8-15条DNA片段,平均为12．12条：26对SRAP引物组合共扩增出315条DNA片段,其中263条具有多态性,多态性比率为83．49％;材料间遗传相似系数变化范围为0．212～0．923,平均值为0．755。在ISSR分析中,每个引物可获得5～16条DNA片段,平均为10．87条;15个ISSR引物共扩增出163条DNA片段,其中141条具有多态性,多态性比率为86．50％;材料间遗传相似系数变幅为0．333-0．957,平均值为0．736。聚类分析表明,2种标记都能将供试材料完全区分开来,聚类结果具有一定的相似性,但也存在明显差异。Mantel相关分析表明,SRAP分析与ISSR分析的相关性达到极显著性水平（r=0．904,P〈0．01）。     

基于ISSR分子标记的叶子花亲缘关系分析和指纹图谱构建

为分析品种遗传多样性和遗传距离并构建品种聚类图和指纹图谱,该研究从DNA模板浓度、引物浓度、退火温度和循环次数等方面优化了叶子花ISSR-PCR反应体系和反应程序,利用11个ISSR引物对131个叶子花品种进行PCR扩增,扩增产物经琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测.结果表明:优化的ISSR-PCR反应体系中DNA模板浓度为0.5 n...     

Assessment of genetic diversity of Czech sweet cherry cultivars using microsatellite markers

We analyzed 24 sweet and wild cherry genotypes collected in Czech Republic to determine genetic variation, using previously described 16 SSR primers to adapt a fast, reliable method for preliminary screening and comparison of sweet cherry germplasm collections. All SSRs were polymorphic and they were able all together to distinguish unambiguously the genotypes. These SSR primers generated 70 alleles; the number of alleles per primer ranged from 2 to 7, with a mean of 4.4 putative alleles per primer combination. The primer UDP-98-412 gave the highest number of polymorphic bands (totally 7), while Empa2 and Empa3 gave the lowest number (2). The allele frequency varied from 2.1% to 87.5%. We observed 10% of unique alleles at different loci. The observed heterozygosity value ranged from 0.25 to 0.96 with an average of 0.72 while expected heterozygosity value varied from 0.22 to 0.75 with an average of 0.59. The PIC value ranged from 0.21 to 0.71 with a mean value of 0.523. Cluster analysis separated the investigated cultivars in two groups. High level of genetic diversity obtained in the collection and proved to be sufficiently genetically diverse and therefore these genotypes would be useful to breeders for the development of new cherry cultivars.