人呼吸道合胞病毒感染的A549细胞中长链非编码RNA表达谱研究

目的:探讨人呼吸道合胞体病毒(human respiratory syncytial virus,RSV)感染A549细胞的长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNAs,lncRNA)表达谱的差异,更好地了解宿主与RSV之间的相互作用的可能分子机制.方法:1 MOI RSV感染A549细胞,24h后提取R...     

Inhibitory Activity of Honeysuckle Extracts against Influenza A Virus In Vitro and In Vivo

Virologica Sinica - Honeysuckle has been used in the treatment of influenza virus infection for thousands of years in China. However, its main active components and the functional mechanisms remain...     

Expression Profile and Function Analysis of Long Non-coding RNAs in the Infection of Coxsackievirus B3

The roles of lnc RNAs in the infection of enteroviruses have been barely demonstrated. In this study, we used coxsackievirus B3(CVB3), a typical enterovirus, as a model to investigate the expression profiles and functional roles of lnc RNAs in enterovirus infection. We profiled lnc RNAs and m RNA expression in CVB3-infected He La cells by lnc RNA-m RNA integrated microarrays. As a result, 700 differentially expressed lnc RNAs(431 up-regulated and 269 down-regulated) and665 differentially expressed m RNAs(299 up-regulated and 366 down-regulated) were identified in CVB3 infection. Then we performed lnc RNA-m RNA integrated pathway analysis to identify potential functional impacts of the differentially expressed m RNAs, in which lnc RNA-m RNA correlation network was built. According to lnc RNA-m RNA correlation, we found that XLOC-001188, an lnc RNA down-regulated in CVB3 infection, was negatively correlated with NFAT5 m RNA,an anti-CVB3 gene reported previously. This interaction was supported by q PCR detection following si RNA-mediated knockdown of XLOC-001188, which showed an increase of NFAT5 m RNA and a reduction of CVB3 genomic RNA. In addition, we observed that four most significantly altered lnc RNAs, SNHG11, RP11-145 F16.2, RP11-1023 L17.1 and RP11-1021 N1.2 share several common correlated genes critical for CVB3 infection, such as BRE and IRF2 BP1. In all, our studies reveal the alteration of lnc RNA expression in CVB3 infection and its potential influence on CVB3 replication,providing useful information for future studies of enterovirus infection.     

黄芩苷干预甲型H1N1流感病毒感染诱导的A549细胞周期分布及凋亡

以甲型H1N1流感病毒作为刺激因素,在人肺腺癌A549细胞培养内采用MTT比色法和细胞病变(CPE)法观察黄芩苷不同作用时间的抗病毒效率;以碘化丙啶(Propidium iodide,PI)单染流式细胞仪分析细胞周期中各时期的细胞百分数和对细胞增殖的影响,以Hoechst33258染色荧光显微镜观察细胞凋亡的形态学变化,并采用免疫荧光实验测定膜受体通路Caspase 8和线粒体通路Caspase 9及作为细胞凋亡标志的Caspase 3的活性。结果显示:流感病毒感染36h后宿主细胞周期阻滞于S期(P<0.05),并在G0期细胞峰前出现一个亚二倍体细胞峰(凋亡细胞峰)。A549细胞中Caspase 8/3活性明显升高,但标记Caspase 9活性的荧光亮度增强不明显。黄芩苷对甲型流感病毒感染诱导的细胞损伤有较好的保护作用,最大剂量的黄芩苷100μg/mL无毒,可抑制病毒细胞病变的产生,50~100μg/mL治疗组可明显调节流感病毒感染诱导的细胞周期分布(P<0.05),细胞凋亡现象明显减少,100μg/mL黄芩苷治疗组Caspase 8/3活性显著降低,接近正常对照组细胞水平,有剂量依赖性。实验说明:黄芩苷可拮抗甲型流感病毒H1N1细胞病变,调控细胞周期分布,并通过抑制Caspase 8的激活,进一步抑制Caspase 3活性,从而发挥抗病毒作用。     

甲3型流感病毒M2基因在痘苗病毒天坛株中的表达

为获得表达甲3型流感病毒(H3N2)M2蛋白的重组天坛株痘苗病毒RVJ1175M2,使用PCR方法扩增流感病毒全长M2基因,将其克隆到天坛株痘苗病毒同源重组质粒pJSC1175中,获得重组质粒pJSC1175M2,通过与痘苗病毒载体同源重组,构建了含流感病毒M2基因的重组痘苗病毒株RVJ1175M2。PCR检测结果证明,流感病毒(H3N2)M2蛋白基因准确插入到天坛株痘苗病毒TK区;Western blot、免疫荧光和流式细胞计数表明重组病毒RVJ1175M2可以有效地表达M2蛋白,表达的M2蛋白有两条带,分别为15kD和13kD,与相关文献报道一致;M2蛋白可有效分布在感染细胞的细胞膜上。这些结果表明重组痘苗病毒株RVJ1175M2可以有效地表达流感病毒M2蛋白,为使用表达M2蛋白的不同类型疫苗进行广谱流感疫苗效果的比较研究奠定了基础。     

流感病毒H3N2血凝素基因和神经氨酸酶基因在大肠杆菌中的表达

克隆、表达和鉴定流感病毒H3N2 HA,NA基因序列,为制备抗体和基因工程疫苗打下基础。在成功克隆流感病毒H3N2全长HA、NA基因并测序的基础上,将部分基因序列克隆到表达载体pET32a(+)上,全基因序列克隆到表达载体pGEX4T-1上,构建了重组表达质粒pET32a(+)/HA(截短),pET32a(+)/NA(截短),pGEX4T-1/HA,转化大肠杆菌BL21/Rosetta,IPTG诱导表达,利用Ni2+亲和层析柱和GSTrap 4B亲和层析柱对重组蛋白进行纯化,并用Western blotting和ELISA方法检测其抗原性。结果显示,重组蛋白在大肠杆菌中可以高效表达,SDS-PAGE显示其相对分子质量与预计大小一致。ELISA和Western blotting试验证实,重组蛋白具有良好的抗原性。成功克隆和表达了流感病毒H3N2 HA、NA基因序列,可为流感病毒H3N2诊断试剂和疫苗的开发等进一步的研究提供参考。     

H5N1亚型禽流感病毒NS1基因的克隆及其诱导肺腺癌细胞A549凋亡的研究

通过RT-PCR的方法克隆H5N1亚型禽流感病毒NS1基因,并构建了真核表达载体pCMV-Myc/NS1。将此真核表达质粒转染肺腺癌细胞A549,48 h后,经Western印迹检测,NS1基因能在细胞中正确表达。经荧光显微镜、透射电镜观察和流式细胞仪检测,发现该株流感病毒的NS1蛋白可诱导肺腺癌细胞A549凋亡。     

miR-769-3p 对甲型 H1N1流感病毒核蛋白表达的调控

目的:预测靶向甲型流感病毒核蛋白(NP)基的微小 RNA(miRNA),并检测其对 NP 表达的影响.方法:从miRBase 数据库中获取人成熟 miRNA 序列,利用 miRanda 软件预测潜在靶向流感病毒 A/FM/1/47(H1N1) NP 基的人 miRNA;通过双萤光素酶报告基系统及 Western 印迹验证所预测的 miRNA 对 NP 表达的影响.结果:用 miRanda软件在流感病毒 A/FM/1/47(H1N1) NP 基上预测得到分值及最小结合自由能均较好的 miR-769-3p;双萤光素酶报告基结果显示 miR-769-3p 能显著降低报告基载体萤光素酶的表达;Western 印迹结果显示 miR-769-3p 能明显抑制 NP 的表达,但突变 NP 基上的 miR-769-3p 结合位点后,miR-769-3p 不能抑制 NP 的表达.结论:miR-769-3p 可靶向流感病毒 A/FM/1/47(H1N1) NP 基并抑制 NP 的表达,为抗甲型流感病毒的 miRNA 药物研发提供了据和潜在药物靶标.     

广东地区流感H3N2毒株血凝素基因特征、进化和变异分析

为揭示广东地区2007～2010年甲型H3N2毒株血凝素(HA)基因特征和变异,采用时空抽样方法抽样,检测广东2007～2010年甲型H3N2毒株HA基因核苷酸序列,同时检索全球HA基因序列作为对照,采用Lasergene 7.1和Mega 5.05软件对HA基因核苷酸序列进行比对和分析;并结合流行病学资料,对变异毒株进行进化速度分析;同时进行抗原分析。结果发现,广东2007～2010年H3N2毒株HA基因同义进化(Ks)和错义进化(Ka)速度分别为2.06×1E-3～2.23×1E-3核苷酸/年和1.05×1E-3～1.21×1E-3核苷酸/年,HA1较HA2的错义突变速率要高3.13倍。与疫苗株A/Perth/16/2009的HA基因比较,2009年广东毒株同源性达到98.8%～99.7%、2010年同源性达到98.0%～98.4%。在广东2007～2010年毒株中,HA1五个抗原表位均有氨基酸位点变异,尤其是2010年毒株B区(N160K)和D区(K174R/N)的变异;此外,广东2010年毒株受体结合部位(RBS)还发生K189E/N/Q和T228A置换变异;两个糖基化位点变异影响到抗原性;目前使用的H3N2疫苗株与目前流行毒株的抗原性有差异。广东地区2007～2010年的毒株中,血凝抑制抗体的抗原分析结果有差异。结果提示,目前广东乃至全球甲型H3N2毒株HA1B区和D区均有氨基酸位点变异,RBS的两个位点发生置换,糖基化位点变异影响到表位A区和B区抗原性;与WHO推荐2011年流感H3N2毒株疫苗株比较,目前流行毒株HA基因有抗原位点变异。     

Expression of Functional Recombinant Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase Proteins from the Novel H7N9 Influenza Virus Using the Baculovirus Expression System

The baculovirus expression system is a powerful tool for expression of recombinant proteins. Here we use it to produce correctly folded and glycosylated versions of the influenza A virus surface glycoproteins - the hemagglutinin (HA) and the neuraminidase (NA). As an example, we chose the HA and NA proteins expressed by the novel H7N9 virus that recently emerged in China. However the protocol can be easily adapted for HA and NA proteins expressed by any other influenza A and B virus strains. Recombinant HA (rHA) and NA (rNA) proteins are important reagents for immunological assays such as ELISPOT and ELISA, and are also in wide use for vaccine standardization, antibody discovery, isolation and characterization. Furthermore, recombinant NA molecules can be used to screen for small molecule inhibitors and are useful for characterization of the enzymatic function of the NA, as well as its sensitivity to antivirals. Recombinant HA proteins are also being tested as experimental vaccines in animal models, and a vaccine based on recombinant HA was recently licensed by the FDA for use in humans. The method we describe here to produce these molecules is straight forward and can facilitate research in influenza laboratories, since it allows for production of large amounts of proteins fast and at a low cost. Although here we focus on influenza virus surface glycoproteins, this method can also be used to produce other viral and cellular surface proteins.     

禽流感病毒A/Chicken/Guangdong/SS/94(H9N2)HA基因的克隆及序列分析

禽流感是由A型流感病毒引起的禽的一种疾病综合症.1878年首次在意大利爆发流行,当时称该病为"鸡瘟".之后,许多国家和地区都有该病的报道,包括美国、英国、澳大利亚、爱尔兰、比利时、荷兰、法国、俄罗斯、加拿大、以色列、匈牙利、日本、中国(包括香港)等[1-3].     

Long Noncoding RNA Expression Profiling Reveals Upregulation of Uroplakin 1A and Uroplakin 1A Antisense RNA 1 under Hypoxic Conditions in Lung Cancer Cells

Hypoxia plays important roles in cancer progression by inducing angiogenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance. However, the effects of hypoxia on long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) expression have not been clarified. Herein, we evaluated alterations in lncRNA expression in lung cancer cells under hypoxic conditions using lncRNA microarray analyses. Among 40,173 lncRNAs, 211 and 113 lncRNAs were up- and downregulated, respectively, in both A549 and NCI-H460 cells. Uroplakin 1A (UPK1A) and UPK1A-antisense RNA 1 (AS1), which showed the highest upregulation under hypoxic conditions, were selected to investigate the effects of UPK1A-AS1 on the expression of UPK1A and the mechanisms of hypoxia-inducible expression. Following transfection of cells with small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), the hypoxia-induced expression of UPK1A and UPK1A-AS1 was significantly reduced, indicating that HIF-1α played important roles in the hypoxia-induced expression of these targets. After transfection of cells with UPK1A siRNA, UPK1A and UPK1A-AS1 levels were reduced. Moreover, transfection of cells with UPK1A-AS1 siRNA downregulated both UPK1A-AS1 and UPK1A. RNase protection assays demonstrated that UPK1A and UPK1A-AS1 formed a duplex; thus, transfection with UPK1A-AS1 siRNA decreased the RNA stability of UPK1A. Overall, these results indicated that UPK1A and UPK1A-AS1 expression increased under hypoxic conditions in a HIF-1α-dependent manner and that formation of a UPK1A/UPK1A-AS1 duplex affected RNA stability, enabling each molecule to regulate the expression of the other.     

甲型H1N1流感病毒NA、PB2和PA表位抗原区段的克隆和表达

目的:分析比对甲型H1N1流感病毒神经氨酸酶(NA)、聚合酶B2(PB2)和聚合酶A(PA)抗原的序列,克隆表达保守的和变异的表位抗原区段,为免疫学诊断试剂的研究提供候选抗原。方法:采用BioSun生物学软件比较新近公布的A/H1N1流感病毒和我国猪流感病毒浙江株NA、PB2和PA抗原序列,并预测筛选NA、PB2和PA抗原表位保守区段与变异区段,采用PCR逐步合成法合成NA、PB2和PA表位抗原区段基因序列,并利用原核表达载体pBVIL1进行克隆表达。结果:筛选的保守表位抗原区段和变异表位抗原区段为NA/135～180aa、NA/310～350aa、PB2/1～80aa、PA/41～90aa、PA/231～280aa和PA/341～400aa;获得6条表位抗原区段基因序列,且6条表位抗原区段均获得了高效表达,得到纯化后的抗原。结论:获得了A/H1N1流感病毒NA、PB2和PA表位抗原区段,为进一步研制特异的甲型流感病毒快速诊断试剂提供了抗原储备。     

长沙A(H1N1)亚型季节性流感暴发疫情的实验室诊断及其HA基因特性分析

对2009 年长沙麓山国际学校流感暴发疫情进行实验室诊断, 并探索新分离的A(H1N1)亚型流感病毒血凝素(HA)的基因特性。对流感暴发疫情的25 份鼻/咽拭子标本进行RT-PCR检测和流感病毒分离, 然后利用CEQ?8000 Genetic Analysis System对病毒分离株(A/Yuelu/314/2009)进行测序, 测序结果提交至GenBank(登录号: FJ912843)并用ClustalX和Mega4.1软件进行序列分析。结果显示, 分离出A(H1N1)亚型流感毒株18株, 检出21份A(H1N1)亚型流感病毒核酸阳性; A/Yuelu/314/2009(H1N1) HA基因序列与2008~2009 年疫苗株(A/Brisbane/59/2007)比较显示: 核苷酸和氨基酸同源性均为99%, 有6个位点的氨基酸发生了变异(V148A、S158N、G202A、I203D、A206T、W435R), 其中一个S158N氨基酸变异位于B抗原表位, HA基因序列上共有潜在糖基化位点9 个(27、28、40、71、151、176、303、497、536), 与A/Brisbane/59/2007相同且氨基酸序列保守。本实验诊断出此次流感暴发疫情的病原体为A(H1N1)型季节性流感病毒, 研究还发现A/Yuelu/314/2009(H1N1)长沙分离株与A/Brisbane/59/2007 疫苗株基因序列比较显示并未形成一个新的变种, 推测是由于分离株与疫苗株之间基因特性的改变和人群对A(H1N1)亚型流感病毒免疫力降低导致了此次长沙麓山国际学校A(H1N1)亚型流感的暴发。