人源抗汉坦病毒核衣壳蛋白T7噬菌体抗体库的构建

构建人源T7噬菌体单链抗体(scFv)库筛选抗汉坦病毒核衣壳蛋白(NP)抗体。从肾综合征出血热恢复期患者外周血淋巴细胞中提取总RNA,反转录合成cDNA第一条链,PCR分别扩增抗体重链可变区基因(VH)和轻链可变区基因(VL),经重叠延伸拼接(SOE)PCR组成scFv基因,并将其与T7噬菌体载体的2个臂相连接。体外包装后,在宿主菌BLT5403中,扩增重组噬菌体抗体库。以基因工程表达NP进行4轮“吸附-洗脱-扩增”的筛选,酶免疫实验检测抗体活性。所建抗体库库容为1.35×107,扩增后初级库滴度为2.12×1010pfu/mL。以NP抗原筛选后抗体出现特异性富集,经酶免疫实验鉴定,得到2株与NP抗原特异结合的噬菌体抗体。结果表明,研究成功构建了人源抗NP蛋白T7噬菌体抗体库。     

双峰驼源天然噬菌体纳米抗体展示库的构建及抗GDH纳米抗体筛选

目的:构建噬菌体天然纳米抗体展示库,以期用于筛选不同抗原分子的纳米抗体筛选平台,并用艰难梭菌谷氨酸脱氢酶(GDH)抗原筛选靶向GDH的纳米抗体,对所构建的噬菌体天然纳米抗体展示库进行验证。方法:采用Oligo DT提取双峰骆驼脾脏总RNA进行反转录,通过巢氏PCR获取全套重链可变区基因,将其构建到噬菌粒pCANTAB5E载体,经多次电转化至E. coil TG1构建初级噬菌体抗体库,经辅助噬菌体拯救后构成噬菌体展示库,并对噬菌体展示库的库容及多样性进行分析和鉴定。同时以GDH为靶向抗原对文库进行淘筛,计算淘筛回收率,并对第三轮淘筛后平板的单克隆进行ELISA鉴定。结果:构建的天然噬菌体纳米抗体库的插入率为95%左右,随机挑取的9个克隆氨基酸同源性为66. 17%,经MEGA分析后具有较好的多样性,同时经辅助噬菌体拯救后,得到的噬菌体展示库滴度为4×10~(12)CFU/ml。在三轮淘筛过程中,回收率逐步升高,噬菌体得到了有效的富集,同时对阳性克隆进行测序及分析,最终得到2条抗GDH纳米抗体序列。结论:成功构建了双峰驼源天然噬菌体纳米抗体展示文库且多样性良好,为后续筛选其他的靶向抗原奠定了基础,同时筛选获得两条抗GDH纳米抗体序列,为制备艰难梭菌谷氨酸脱氢酶诊断抗体提供技术支撑。     

噬菌体抗体库技术制备高亲和力人抗体

噬菌体抗体库技术的基本原理是将全套抗体可变区基因组装到丝状噬菌体表达载体内 ,与噬菌体外壳蛋白Ⅲ或Ⅷ基因融合并表达到噬菌体表面 ,以固相化的抗原作配基 ,通过吸附 洗脱 扩增的富集过程 ,筛选到与抗原特异结合的抗体克隆 ,并得到相应的抗体可变区基因。因此噬菌体抗体库技术可以被认为是体内抗体生成过程的模拟 ,首先建立足够多样性的抗体库 ,然后通过免疫亲和筛选即可能得到针对任何抗原的人抗体。该技术省时省力 ,无...     

利用重组系统构建大容量噬菌体抗体库

噬菌体抗体库技术是获得人源抗体的重要方法,此文探讨大容量天然噬菌体抗体库在筛选人源抗体中的实际应用价值。从正常人外周血分离淋巴细胞,通过基因工程方法获得抗体基因并且构建到含有重组位点的载体pDF中获得初级噬菌体抗体库,初级库在重组系统中重组之后获得了容量为9×1010的天然Fab噬菌体抗体库,通过序列测定和重组蛋白筛选来对抗体库的质量进行初步鉴定。对随机挑取的96个克隆测序序列分析表明各种型别比例基本合适;用四种抗原筛选有明显的富集,并且获得了针对其中一种抗原的阳性抗体克隆。     

噬菌体短肽库的构建及其随机短肽的多样性

噬菌体短肽库是将随机合成的寡核苷酸序列通过与单链噬菌体外壳蛋白基因融合,从而将随机短短肽表达于噬菌体的表面,将体外随机化学合成的寡聚核苷酸序列重组到单价噬菌体表达载体,构建了噬菌体短肽库,证明其库容为２×１０＾７集落形成单位,重组率为９３％。     

抗乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原T7噬菌体抗体库的构建

构建T7噬菌体单链抗体(scFv)库筛选抗乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原抗体.从抗-HBs阳性患者外周血淋巴细胞中提取总RNA,反转录合成cDNA第1条链,PCR分别扩增抗体重链可变区基因(VH)和轻链可变区基因(VL),经重叠延伸拼接(SOE)PCR组成scFv基因,并将其与T7噬菌体载体的2个臂相连接.体外包装后,在宿主菌BLT5403中,扩增重组噬菌体抗体库.以乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原进行4轮“吸附-洗脱-扩增”的筛选,酶免疫实验检测抗体活性.所建抗体库库容为1.53×107,扩增后初级库滴度为2.42×1010pfu/mL.以乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原筛选后抗体出现特异性富集,经酶免疫实验鉴定,得到2株与HBsAg抗原特异结合的噬菌体抗体,成功构建了抗HBsAg蛋白T7噬菌体抗体库.     

亲和层析法用于噬菌体抗体库的筛选

本研究报道一种基于固定化金属亲和层析(IMAC)的噬菌体抗体库液相筛选方法。将纯化的带有His标签的抗原与噬菌体抗体库混合,噬菌体抗体与抗原充分结合后再加入亲和介质,使噬菌体抗体抗原复合物通过His标签与介质结合,然后通过充分洗涤去除非特异性噬菌体抗体,最后将特异性噬菌体抗体洗脱下来,感染TG1,进行下一轮筛选。整个筛选过程中抗原与抗体的结合在液相中完成,不仅消除了固相介质对抗原表位的影响,也更有利于噬菌体抗体与抗原的充分作用。将此方法应用于HEV NE2蛋白特异性人源噬菌体抗体的筛选,抗原竞争ELISA,阳性血清阻断,可溶性单链抗体表达检测及测序结果表明,最终获得2个特异性人源抗体。     

抗EGFRvIII噬菌体抗体库的构建和筛选

目的：应用噬菌体展示技术筛选针对表皮生长因子受体突变体Ш (epidermal growth factor receptor variant type Ⅲ, EGFRvIII)的单链抗体 (single chain Fv, scFv)。方法：利用原核表达纯化的人EGFRvIIIex蛋白和高表达EGFRvIIIex的小鼠成纤维细胞系NIH3T3免疫小鼠,扩增VH和VL片段并拼装成scFv 基因,连接至噬菌粒pCANTAB 5E,电击转化Hpd3cells,构建噬菌体单链抗体库,并进行3轮富集筛选。在第4轮筛选时,采用了降低抗原浓度的方法。然后将筛选得到的阳性克隆测序分析,转化E.coli HB2151,IPTG 诱导可溶性scFv 的表达。结果：构建了库容为7.9×107 的噬菌体单链抗体库。经过第4轮低浓度抗原筛选,得到了较高亲和力的克隆。取单个阳性克隆测序分析结果表明,该抗EGFRvIII scFv 基因序列长807 bp,编码268个氨基酸。IPTG诱导后表达的可溶性scFv 可分别与纯化的EGFRvIIIex抗原以及细胞表面的EGFRvIIIex结合。结论：利用噬菌体抗体库筛选得到了高亲和力的抗EGFRvIII scFv,为开发针对EGFRvIII的抗体药物提供了靶向载体分子。     

鼠源抗B型肉毒毒素Fab抗体库的构建及初步筛选

目的:应用重组噬菌体抗体库技术制备抗B型肉毒毒素Fab抗体。方法:用重组B型肉毒毒素重链C端片段(BoNTB/Hc)免疫BALB/c小鼠,从其脾淋巴细胞扩增免疫球蛋白Fd段和κ链基因,克隆至表达载体pComb3中,并将抗体Fab段表达于噬菌体表面,建立容量为5.96×106cfu的噬菌体抗体库。以BoNTB/Hc为抗原对所建抗体库进行4轮亲和筛选,获得与B型肉毒毒素特异性结合的克隆,并进行序列测定。结果:构建了抗B型肉毒毒素Fab抗体库,筛选出特异性克隆1个。结论:从鼠源噬菌体免疫抗体库中初步获得了特异性抗B型肉毒毒素的Fab抗体。     

人源性天然抗体库的构建及淀粉样蛋白Aβ1-42寡聚体单链抗体的筛选和鉴定

本研究旨在利用噬菌体展示技术构建人源性天然抗体库,以可溶性Aβ1-42寡聚体对抗体库进行筛选获得针对低分子量Aβ1-42寡聚体的特异性单链抗体.利用RT-PCR法从10个健康人外周血淋巴细胞中得到全套人抗体VH和VL基因,经过重叠延伸PCR将VH和VL连接得到scFv片段,将scFv片段酶切后克隆至pCANTAB5E噬菌体载体,电转化TG1感受态菌,获得库容为2.5×109单链抗体库.经辅助噬菌体M13K07拯救,以可溶性Aβ1-42寡聚体为抗原,对抗体库进行4轮筛选,ELISA法筛选特异性识别Aβ1-42寡聚体的阳性克隆,将筛选到的阳性克隆B19转化至E coliHB2151菌,诱导表达可溶性scFv抗体.SDS-PAGE及Western blotting分析结果显示可溶性scFv抗体获得了正确表达,且能够与Aβ1-42三聚体及纤维特异性结合,亲和力(Kd)为9×10-6 mol/L.Aβ1-42寡聚体特异性单链抗体的获得为老年性痴呆(AD)的治疗研究奠定了基础.     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.