共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
Mukesh Jain Pushp Priya Shalu Jhanwar Aamir W. Khan Niraj Shah Vikas K. Singh Rohini Garg Ganga Jeena Manju Yadav Chandra Kant Priyanka Sharma Gitanjali Yadav Sabhyata Bhatia Akhilesh K. Tyagi Debasis Chattopadhyay 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2013,74(5):715-729
Cicer arietinum L. (chickpea) is the third most important food legume crop. We have generated the draft sequence of a desi‐type chickpea genome using next‐generation sequencing platforms, bacterial artificial chromosome end sequences and a genetic map. The 520‐Mb assembly covers 70% of the predicted 740‐Mb genome length, and more than 80% of the gene space. Genome analysis predicts the presence of 27 571 genes and 210 Mb as repeat elements. The gene expression analysis performed using 274 million RNA‐Seq reads identified several tissue‐specific and stress‐responsive genes. Although segmental duplicated blocks are observed, the chickpea genome does not exhibit any indication of recent whole‐genome duplication. Nucleotide diversity analysis provides an assessment of a narrow genetic base within the chickpea cultivars. We have developed a resource for genetic markers by comparing the genome sequences of one wild and three cultivated chickpea genotypes. The draft genome sequence is expected to facilitate genetic enhancement and breeding to develop improved chickpea varieties. 相似文献
2.
Simei He Xiao Dong Guanghui Zhang Wei Fan Shengchang Duan Hong Shi Dawei Li Rui Li Geng Chen Guangqiang Long Yan Zhao Mo Chen Mi Yan Jianli Yang Yingchun Lu Yanli Zhou Wei Chen Yang Dong Shengchao Yang 《Molecular ecology resources》2021,21(1):153-169
Erigeron breviscapus is an important medicinal plant in Compositae and the first species to realize the whole process from the decoding of the draft genome sequence to scutellarin biosynthesis in yeast. However, the previous low‐quality genome assembly has hindered the optimization of candidate genes involved in scutellarin synthesis and the development of molecular‐assisted breeding based on the genome. Here, the E. breviscapus genome was updated using PacBio RSII sequencing data and Hi‐C data, and increased in size from 1.2 Gb to 1.43 Gb, with a scaffold N50 of 156.82 Mb and contig N50 of 140.95 kb, and a total of 43,514 protein‐coding genes were obtained and oriented onto nine pseudo‐chromosomes, thus becoming the third plant species assembled to chromosome level after sunflower and lettuce in Compositae. Fourteen genes with evidence for positive selection were identified and found to be related to leaf morphology, flowering and secondary metabolism. The number of genes in some gene families involved in flavonoid biosynthesis in E. breviscapus have been significantly expanded. In particular, additional candidate genes involved in scutellarin biosynthesis, such as flavonoid‐7‐O‐glucuronosyltransferase genes (F7GATs) were identified using updated genome. In addition, three candidate genes encoding indole‐3‐pyruvate monooxygenase YUCCA2 (YUC2), serine carboxypeptidase‐like 18 (SCPL18), and F‐box protein (FBP), respectively, were identified to be probably related to leaf development and flowering by resequencing 99 individuals. These results provided a substantial genetic basis for improving agronomic and quality traits of E. breviscapus, and provided a platform for improving other draft genome assemblies to chromosome‐level. 相似文献
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Sandra Irmisch Sharon Jancsik Macaire M. S. Yuen Lufiani L. Madilao Jrg Bohlmann 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2019,100(5):879-891
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) affects over 320 million people worldwide. Healthy lifestyles, improved drugs and effective nutraceuticals are different components of a response against the growing T2D epidemic. The specialized metabolite montbretin A (MbA) is being developed for treatment of T2D and obesity due to its unique pharmacological activity as a highly effective and selective inhibitor of the human pancreatic α‐amylase. MbA is an acylated flavonol glycoside found in small amounts in montbretia (Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora) corms. MbA cannot be obtained in sufficient quantities for drug development from its natural source or by chemical synthesis. To overcome these limitations through metabolic engineering, we are investigating the genes and enzymes of MbA biosynthesis. We previously reported the first three steps of MbA biosynthesis from myricetin to myricetin 3‐O‐(6′‐O‐caffeoyl)‐glucosyl rhamnoside (mini‐MbA). Here, we describe the sequence of reactions from mini‐MbA to MbA, and the discovery and characterization of the gene and enzyme responsible for the glucosylation of mini‐MbA. The UDP‐dependent glucosyltransferase CcUGT3 (UGT703E1) catalyzes the 1,2‐glucosylation of mini‐MbA to produce myricetin 3‐O‐(glucosyl‐6′‐O‐caffeoyl)‐glucosyl rhamnoside. Co‐expression of CcUGT3 with genes for myricetin and mini‐MbA biosynthesis in Nicotiana benthamiana validated its biological function and expanded the set of genes available for metabolic engineering of MbA. 相似文献
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Bernardo J. Clavijo John P. Hamilton Kevin L. Childs Brieanne Vaillancourt Jason Cepela Marc Habermann Burkhard Steuernagel Leah Clissold Kirsten McLay Carol Robin Buell Sarah E. O'Connor 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2015,82(4):680-692
The medicinal plant Madagascar periwinkle, Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don, produces hundreds of biologically active monoterpene‐derived indole alkaloid (MIA) metabolites and is the sole source of the potent, expensive anti‐cancer compounds vinblastine and vincristine. Access to a genome sequence would enable insights into the biochemistry, control, and evolution of genes responsible for MIA biosynthesis. However, generation of a near‐complete, scaffolded genome is prohibitive to small research communities due to the expense, time, and expertise required. In this study, we generated a genome assembly for C. roseus that provides a near‐comprehensive representation of the genic space that revealed the genomic context of key points within the MIA biosynthetic pathway including physically clustered genes, tandem gene duplication, expression sub‐functionalization, and putative neo‐functionalization. The genome sequence also facilitated high resolution co‐expression analyses that revealed three distinct clusters of co‐expression within the components of the MIA pathway. Coordinated biosynthesis of precursors and intermediates throughout the pathway appear to be a feature of vinblastine/vincristine biosynthesis. The C. roseus genome also revealed localization of enzyme‐rich genic regions and transporters near known biosynthetic enzymes, highlighting how even a draft genome sequence can empower the study of high‐value specialized metabolites. 相似文献
7.
Miao Liu Yan Li Yanling Ma Qiang Zhao Jiri Stiller Qi Feng Qilin Tian Dengcai Liu Bin Han Chunji Liu 《Plant biotechnology journal》2020,18(2):443-456
Wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum) is the progenitor of cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare) and provides a rich source of genetic variations for barley improvement. Currently, the genome sequences of wild barley and its differences with cultivated barley remain unclear. In this study, we report a high‐quality draft assembly of wild barley accession (AWCS276; henceforth named as WB1), which consists of 4.28 Gb genome and 36 395 high‐confidence protein‐coding genes. BUSCO analysis revealed that the assembly included full lengths of 95.3% of the 956 single‐copy plant genes, illustrating that the gene‐containing regions have been well assembled. By comparing with the genome of the cultivated genotype Morex, it is inferred that the WB1 genome contains more genes involved in resistance and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. The presence of the numerous WB1‐specific genes indicates that, in addition to enhance allele diversity for genes already existing in the cultigen, exploiting the wild barley taxon in breeding should also allow the incorporation of novel genes. Furthermore, high levels of genetic variation in the pericentromeric regions were detected in chromosomes 3H and 5H between the wild and cultivated genotypes, which may be the results of domestication. This H. spontaneum draft genome assembly will help to accelerate wild barley research and be an invaluable resource for barley improvement and comparative genomics research. 相似文献
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Sioxanthin,a novel glycosylated carotenoid,reveals an unusual subclustered biosynthetic pathway
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Taylor K. S. Richter Chambers C. Hughes Bradley S. Moore 《Environmental microbiology》2015,17(6):2158-2171
Members of the marine actinomycete genus Salinispora constitutively produce a characteristic orange pigment during vegetative growth. Contrary to the understanding of widespread carotenoid biosynthesis pathways in bacteria, Salinispora carotenoid biosynthesis genes are not confined to a single cluster. Instead, bioinformatic and genetic investigations confirm that four regions of the Salinispora tropica CNB‐440 genome, consisting of two gene clusters and two independent genes, contribute to the in vivo production of a single carotenoid. This compound, namely (2′S)‐1′‐(β‐D‐glucopyranosyloxy)‐3′,4′‐didehydro‐1′,2′‐dihydro‐φ,ψ‐caroten‐2′‐ol, is novel and has been given the trivial name ‘sioxanthin’. Sioxanthin is a C40‐carotenoid, glycosylated on one end of the molecule and containing an aryl moiety on the opposite end. Glycosylation is unusual among actinomycete carotenoids, and sioxanthin joins a rare group of carotenoids with polar and non‐polar head groups. Gene sequence homology predicts that the sioxanthin biosynthetic pathway is present in all of the Salinispora as well as other members of the family Micromonosporaceae. Additionally, this study's investigations of clustering of carotenoid biosynthetic genes in heterotrophic bacteria show that a non‐clustered genome arrangement is more common than previously suggested, with nearly half of the investigated genomes showing a non‐clustered architecture. 相似文献
10.
Hui‐Su Kim Bo‐Young Lee Jeonghoon Han Chang‐Bum Jeong Dae‐Sik Hwang Min‐Chul Lee Hye‐Min Kang Duck‐Hyun Kim Daehwan Lee Jaebum Kim Ik‐Young Choi Jae‐Seong Lee 《Molecular ecology resources》2018,18(3):656-665
Marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) is considered to be a useful fish model for marine and estuarine ecotoxicology studies and has good potential for field‐based population genomics because of its geographical distribution in Asian estuarine and coastal areas. In this study, we present the first whole‐genome draft of O. melastigma. The genome assembly consists of 8,602 scaffolds (N50 = 23.737 Mb) and a total genome length of 779.4 Mb. A total of 23,528 genes were predicted, and 12,670 gene families shared with three teleost species (Japanese medaka, mangrove killifish and zebrafish) were identified. Genome analyses revealed that the O. melastigma genome is highly heterozygous and contains a large number of repeat sequences. This assembly represents a useful genomic resource for fish scientists. 相似文献
11.
Sean P. Gordon Henry Priest David L. Des Marais Wendy Schackwitz Melania Figueroa Joel Martin Jennifer N. Bragg Ludmila Tyler Cheng‐Ruei Lee Doug Bryant Wenqin Wang Joachim Messing Antonio J. Manzaneda Kerrie Barry David F. Garvin Hikmet Budak Metin Tuna Thomas Mitchell‐Olds William F. Pfender Thomas E. Juenger Todd C. Mockler John P. Vogel 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2014,79(3):361-374
12.
Philipp E. Bayer Bhavna Hurgobin Agnieszka A. Golicz Chon‐Kit Kenneth Chan Yuxuan Yuan HueyTyng Lee Michael Renton Jinling Meng Ruiyuan Li Yan Long Jun Zou Ian Bancroft Boulos Chalhoub Graham J. King Jacqueline Batley David Edwards 《Plant biotechnology journal》2017,15(12):1602-1610
As an increasing number of plant genome sequences become available, it is clear that gene content varies between individuals, and the challenge arises to predict the gene content of a species. However, genome comparison is often confounded by variation in assembly and annotation. Differentiating between true gene absence and variation in assembly or annotation is essential for the accurate identification of conserved and variable genes in a species. Here, we present the de novo assembly of the B. napus cultivar Tapidor and comparison with an improved assembly of the Brassica napus cultivar Darmor‐bzh. Both cultivars were annotated using the same method to allow comparison of gene content. We identified genes unique to each cultivar and differentiate these from artefacts due to variation in the assembly and annotation. We demonstrate that using a common annotation pipeline can result in different gene predictions, even for closely related cultivars, and repeat regions which collapse during assembly impact whole genome comparison. After accounting for differences in assembly and annotation, we demonstrate that the genome of Darmor‐bzh contains a greater number of genes than the genome of Tapidor. Our results are the first step towards comparison of the true differences between B. napus genomes and highlight the potential sources of error in future production of a B. napus pangenome. 相似文献
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Heartwood‐specific transcriptome and metabolite signatures of tropical sandalwood (Santalum album) reveal the final step of (Z)‐santalol fragrance biosynthesis
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Jose M. Celedon Angela Chiang Macaire M.S. Yuen Maria L. Diaz‐Chavez Lufiani L. Madilao Patrick M. Finnegan Elizabeth L. Barbour Jörg Bohlmann 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2016,86(4):289-299
14.
Weiming Teng Xi Xie Hongtao Nie Yamin Sun Xiangfeng Liu Zuoan Yu Jie Zheng Hongyue Liu Dacheng Li Ming Zhang Zhisong Wang Shouwei Zhu Shangkun Du Shaojun Du Qi Li Qingzhi Wang 《Molecular ecology resources》2022,22(1):295-306
Ark shells are commercially important clam species that inhabit in muddy sediments of shallow coasts in East Asia. For a long time, the lack of genome resources has hindered scientific research of ark shells. Here, we report a high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly of Scapharca kagoshimensis, with an aim to unravel the molecular basis of heme biosynthesis, and develop genomic resources for genetic breeding and population genetics in ark shells. Nineteen scaffolds corresponding to 19 chromosomes were constructed from 938 contigs (contig N50 = 2.01 Mb) to produce a final high-quality assembly with a total length of 1.11 Gb and scaffold N50 around 60.64 Mb. The genome assembly represents 93.4% completeness via matching 303 eukaryota core conserved genes. A total of 24,908 protein-coding genes were predicted and 24,551 genes (98.56%) of which were functionally annotated. The enrichment analyses suggested that genes in heme biosynthesis pathways were expanded and positive selection of the haemoglobin genes was also found in the genome of S. kagoshimensis, which gives important insights into the molecular mechanisms and evolution of the heme biosynthesis in mollusca. The valuable genome assembly of S. kagoshimensis would provide a solid foundation for investigating the molecular mechanisms that underlie the diverse biological functions and evolutionary adaptations of S. kagoshimensis. 相似文献
15.
Qundan Lv Jie Qiu Jie Liu Zheng Li Wenting Zhang Qin Wang Jie Fang Junjie Pan Zhengdao Chen Wenliang Cheng Michael S. Barker Xuehui Huang Xin Wei Kejun Cheng 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2020,103(5):1910-1923
Chimonanthus salicifolius, a member of the Calycanthaceae of magnoliids, is one of the most famous medicinal plants in Eastern China. Here, we report a chromosome‐level genome assembly of C. salicifolius, comprising 820.1 Mb of genomic sequence with a contig N50 of 2.3 Mb and containing 36 651 annotated protein‐coding genes. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that magnoliids were sister to the eudicots. Two rounds of ancient whole‐genome duplication were inferred in the C. salicifolious genome. One is shared by Calycanthaceae after its divergence with Lauraceae, and the other is in the ancestry of Magnoliales and Laurales. Notably, long genes with > 20 kb in length were much more prevalent in the magnoliid genomes compared with other angiosperms, which could be caused by the length expansion of introns inserted by transposon elements. Homologous genes within the flavonoid pathway for C. salicifolius were identified, and correlation of the gene expression and the contents of flavonoid metabolites revealed potential critical genes involved in flavonoids biosynthesis. This study not only provides an additional whole‐genome sequence from the magnoliids, but also opens the door to functional genomic research and molecular breeding of C. salicifolius. 相似文献
16.
Assembly and annotation of a draft genome sequence for Glycine latifolia,a perennial wild relative of soybean
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Qiong Liu Sungyul Chang Glen L. Hartman Leslie L. Domier 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2018,95(1):71-85
Glycine latifolia (Benth.) Newell & Hymowitz (2n = 40), one of the 27 wild perennial relatives of soybean, possesses genetic diversity and agronomically favorable traits that are lacking in soybean. Here, we report the 939‐Mb draft genome assembly of G. latifolia (PI 559298) using exclusively linked‐reads sequenced from a single Chromium library. We organized scaffolds into 20 chromosome‐scale pseudomolecules utilizing two genetic maps and the Glycine max (L.) Merr. genome sequence. High copy numbers of putative 91‐bp centromere‐specific tandem repeats were observed in consecutive blocks within predicted pericentromeric regions on several pseudomolecules. No 92‐bp putative centromeric repeats, which are abundant in G. max, were detected in G. latifolia or Glycine tomentella. Annotation of the assembled genome and subsequent filtering yielded a high confidence gene set of 54 475 protein‐coding loci. In comparative analysis with five legume species, genes related to defense responses were significantly overrepresented in Glycine‐specific orthologous gene families. A total of 304 putative nucleotide‐binding site (NBS)‐leucine‐rich‐repeat (LRR) genes were identified in this genome assembly. Different from other legume species, we observed a scarcity of TIR‐NBS‐LRR genes in G. latifolia. The G. latifolia genome was also predicted to contain genes encoding 367 LRR‐receptor‐like kinases, a family of proteins involved in basal defense responses and responses to abiotic stress. The genome sequence and annotation of G. latifolia provides a valuable source of alternative alleles and novel genes to facilitate soybean improvement. This study also highlights the efficacy and cost‐effectiveness of the application of Chromium linked‐reads in diploid plant genome de novo assembly. 相似文献
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Piotr Pupel Joanna Szabliska‐Piernik Lesaw B. Lahuta 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2019,100(2):237-250
Methylated inositol, d ‐pinitol (3‐O‐methyl‐d ‐chiro‐inositol), is a common constituent in legumes. It is synthesized from myo‐inositol in two reactions: the first reaction, catalyzed by myo‐inositol‐O‐methyltransferase (IMT), consists of a transfer of a methyl group from S‐adenosylmethionine to myo‐inositol with the formation of d ‐ononitol, while the second reaction, catalyzed by d ‐ononitol epimerase (OEP), involves epimerization of d ‐ononitol to d ‐pinitol. To identify the genes involved in d ‐pinitol biosynthesis in a model legume Medicago truncatula, we conducted a BLAST search on its genome using soybean IMT cDNA as a query and found putative IMT (MtIMT) gene. Subsequent co‐expression analysis performed on publicly available microarray data revealed two potential OEP genes: MtOEPA, encoding an aldo‐keto reductase and MtOEPB, encoding a short‐chain dehydrogenase. cDNAs of all three genes were cloned and expressed as recombinant proteins in E. coli. In vitro assays confirmed that putative MtIMT enzyme catalyzes methylation of myo‐inositol to d ‐ononitol and showed that MtOEPA enzyme has NAD+‐dependent d ‐ononitol dehydrogenase activity, while MtOEPB enzyme has NADP+‐dependent d ‐pinitol dehydrogenase activity. Both enzymes are required for epimerization of d ‐ononitol to d ‐pinitol, which occurs in the presence of NAD+ and NADPH. Introduction of MtIMT, MtOEPA, and MtOEPB genes into tobacco plants resulted in production of d ‐ononitol and d ‐pinitol in transformants. As this two‐step pathway of d ‐ononitol epimerization is coupled with a transfer of reducing equivalents from NADPH to NAD+, we speculate that one of the functions of this pathway might be regeneration of NADP+ during drought stress. 相似文献
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Martin Mascher Todd A. Richmond Daniel J. Gerhardt Axel Himmelbach Leah Clissold Dharanya Sampath Sarah Ayling Burkhard Steuernagel Matthias Pfeifer Mark D'Ascenzo Eduard D. Akhunov Pete E. Hedley Ana M. Gonzales Peter L. Morrell Benjamin Kilian Frank R. Blattner Uwe Scholz Klaus F.X. Mayer Andrew J. Flavell Gary J. Muehlbauer Robbie Waugh Jeffrey A. Jeddeloh Nils Stein 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2013,76(3):494-505
Advanced resources for genome‐assisted research in barley (Hordeum vulgare) including a whole‐genome shotgun assembly and an integrated physical map have recently become available. These have made possible studies that aim to assess genetic diversity or to isolate single genes by whole‐genome resequencing and in silico variant detection. However such an approach remains expensive given the 5 Gb size of the barley genome. Targeted sequencing of the mRNA‐coding exome reduces barley genomic complexity more than 50‐fold, thus dramatically reducing this heavy sequencing and analysis load. We have developed and employed an in‐solution hybridization‐based sequence capture platform to selectively enrich for a 61.6 megabase coding sequence target that includes predicted genes from the genome assembly of the cultivar Morex as well as publicly available full‐length cDNAs and de novo assembled RNA‐Seq consensus sequence contigs. The platform provides a highly specific capture with substantial and reproducible enrichment of targeted exons, both for cultivated barley and related species. We show that this exome capture platform provides a clear path towards a broader and deeper understanding of the natural variation residing in the mRNA‐coding part of the barley genome and will thus constitute a valuable resource for applications such as mapping‐by‐sequencing and genetic diversity analyzes. 相似文献
19.
Ying-Xue Jiao Xiao-Fan He Rui Song Xue-Meng Wang Han Zhang Reziya Aili Yue-Hui Chao Yu-Hua Shen Long-Xi Yu Tie-Jun Zhang Shan-Gang Jia 《植物分类学报:英文版》2023,61(4):627-642
Medicago is a genus of legumes (Fabaceae) that resemble common clovers with pinnately trifoliate leaves and spirally coiled seed pods, and Medicago sativa is a famous forage crop throughout the world. In this study, we systematically assembled the complete plastid genomes of 18 Medicago species, representing 35 Medicago accessions, whose genome size ranged from ~119 to 125 kb, and identified one novel inverted repeat (IR) in two accessions of Medicago soleirolii (PI537242 and PI537243), albeit of no IRs in the most accessions. We built a phylogenetic tree based on common protein-coding sequences of 55 Medicago accessions in 38 species, which were placed into five clades with a divergence since 9.37 million years ago. Global alignment revealed independent genome evolution events, including eight inversions in nine species and four intron losses (ILs) in 10 species, among which four inversions and two ILs have not been reported previously. Within 109–111 unique genes, ndhA, rpl2, and ycf3 were under positive selection in 54 Medicago accessions. Finally, by aligning chloroplast genes against the nuclear genome assembly of M. sativa cultivar “Zhongmu No.1”, we found that a large number of chloroplast gene fragments were horizontally transferred to nuclear chromosomes in alfalfa, especially on the chr3:47518422–48722257 coordinates of chromosome 3. Our comprehensive exploration of Medicago chloroplast genomes provided insights for the understanding of Medicago diversity and their genomic evolution events. 相似文献
20.
Yuhta Nomura Hikaru Seki Tomonori Suzuki Kiyoshi Ohyama Masaharu Mizutani Tomomi Kaku Keita Tamura Eiichiro Ono Manabu Horikawa Hiroshi Sudo Hiroaki Hayashi Kazuki Saito Toshiya Muranaka 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2019,99(6):1127-1143
Glycyrrhizin, a sweet triterpenoid saponin found in the roots and stolons of Glycyrrhiza species (licorice), is an important active ingredient in traditional herbal medicine. We previously identified two cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, CYP88D6 and CYP72A154, that produce an aglycone of glycyrrhizin, glycyrrhetinic acid, in Glycyrrhiza uralensis. The sugar moiety of glycyrrhizin, which is composed of two glucuronic acids, makes it sweet and reduces its side‐effects. Here, we report that UDP‐glycosyltransferase (UGT) 73P12 catalyzes the second glucuronosylation as the final step of glycyrrhizin biosynthesis in G. uralensis; the UGT73P12 produced glycyrrhizin by transferring a glucuronosyl moiety of UDP‐glucuronic acid to glycyrrhetinic acid 3‐O‐monoglucuronide. We also obtained a natural variant of UGT73P12 from a glycyrrhizin‐deficient (83‐555) strain of G. uralensis. The natural variant showed loss of specificity for UDP‐glucuronic acid and resulted in the production of an alternative saponin, glucoglycyrrhizin. These results are consistent with the chemical phenotype of the 83‐555 strain, and suggest the contribution of UGT73P12 to glycyrrhizin biosynthesis in planta. Furthermore, we identified Arg32 as the essential residue of UGT73P12 that provides high specificity for UDP‐glucuronic acid. These results strongly suggest the existence of an electrostatic interaction between the positively charged Arg32 and the negatively charged carboxy group of UDP‐glucuronic acid. The functional arginine residue and resultant specificity for UDP‐glucuronic acid are unique to UGT73P12 in the UGT73P subfamily. Our findings demonstrate the functional specialization of UGT73P12 for glycyrrhizin biosynthesis during divergent evolution, and provide mechanistic insights into UDP‐sugar selectivity for the rational engineering of sweet triterpenoid saponins. 相似文献