A new species of the leaf-beetle genus <Emphasis Type="Italic">Cryptocephalus</Emphasis> Geoffroy (Coleoptera,Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) from Southeastern Kazakhstan

A new species of the genus Cryptocephalus is described from the Malaysary Mountains (Southeastern Kazakhstan). The new species belongs to the subgenus Asionus and is closest to the group of species with a deep impression on the male anal (V) sternite (C. halophilus, C. impressipygus and C. mniczechi). Cryptocephalus malaysaryensis sp. n. clearly differs in the structure of the aedeagus and abdominal sternite V of the male.     

西藏地区有瓣蝇类记述(三)花蝇科七新种描述

本文报道采自西藏的有瓣蝇类7个新种,均属花蝇科。正模标本保存在中国科学院上海昆虫研究所。 银额泉种蝇Pegohylemyia argyrometopa,新种（图1—3） 雄:体长6毫米。复眼裸,额宽约为前单眼宽的2倍,间额黑,间额鬃1,下眶鬃7—8,侧额及侧颜黑色上具银白色粉被,侧颜宽为触角第三节宽的4/3倍,触角黑,第三节长为宽的2倍,芒具毳毛,最长毛与芒基宽相等,颊高为眼高的1/5,银白色粉被明显,上倾口缘鬃3行,下颚须黑,中喙具粉被,长为高的4倍,口上片与额齐,后头背区有小毛。     

The morphology of Dajella tenera (Trichoptera, Glossosomatidae): Taxonomic status and evidence for the pheromone communication in the Mesozoic

A reexamination of the fossil Mesozoic caddisfly Dajella tenera Sukatsheva, 1990, formerly in Philopotamidae, has revealed new characters showing this species to be a representative of the family Glossosomatidae. It is a single species of the new subfamily Dajellinae subfam. nov. The morphology of the head, thorax, and abdomen including the maxillary palp with well developed apical spine (apical sensory complex), the integumental structures associated with sternal glands, and the male genitalia are described. The complicated cuticular structures associated with the sternal glands on abdominal sternite V suggest active secretion of the pheromone volatiles. Short projection on sternite VI in this species might be used in the vibratory signaling which is known to occur in the behavior of the extant Glossosomatidae.     

Neue Abdominaldrüsen bei Ameisen

Zusammenfassung Sechs Ponerinen aus dem Tribus Ponerini wurden auf Abdominaldrüsen untersucht:Leptogenys ocellifera (Roger),Leptogenys chinensis (Mayr),Diacamma sp.,Odontomachus haematodes (L.),Harpegnathus saltator (Jerdon) undPonera coarctata (Latreille). Eine große Vielfalt von verschiedenen Drüsenorganen konnte gefunden werden (Tabelle 1). Bei jeder untersuchten Art fanden wir dorsal zwischen dem 6. und 7. Abdominaltergit eine intersegmentale Komplexdrüse. Die Größe der Drüsen, die Anordnung ihrer Drüsenzellen und die Form der Reservoire sind z.T. sehr unterschiedlich ausgebildet. BeiLeptogenys wie auch beiH. saltator befindet sich intersegmental zwischen dem 6. und 7. Abdominalsternit eine Komplexdrüse.Leptogenys verfügt zusätzlich über eine Komplexdrüse zwischen dem 5. und 6. Abdominalsternit. An der Mündung der gut ausgebildeten Reservoire dieser Drüsen finden sich bei einigen Arten charakteristisch geformte Kutikulastrukturen, die als Oberflächenvergrößerung oder Sekretspeicher interpretiert werden.Tergo-sternal gelegene Bündel von Drüsenzellen finden sich beiDiacamma sp.,P. coarctata, H. saltator und beiO. haematodes. Einen weiteren Drüsentypus bilden Ansammlungen von Epitheldrüsenzellen. BeiL. ocellifera liegen diese Zellen dem 6. Sternit; beiL. chinensis dem 7. Sternit auf. Auch Stacheldrüsen sind in einer ähnlichen Vielfalt vorhanden. BeiDiacamma sp. befinden sich in den Stachelscheiden zwei verschiedene Typen von sezernierenden Zellen, Drüsenzellen mit einem Ausführkanal und Epitheldrüsenzellen. Bei den Vertreterinnen der GattungLeptogenys, O. haematodes undP. coarctata liegt nur der erstere Drüsentyp in ausgeprägter Form vor. Bei diesen Arten wie auch beiH. saltator sind die Epithelzellen der Stachelscheiden im Vergleich zu jenen Epitheldrüsenzellen beiDiacamma sp. geringfügig erhöht. Drüsenzellen mit einem Ausführkanal konnten beiH. saltator in den Stachelscheiden nicht gefunden werden.H. saltator undO. haematodes zeichnen sich an der Membran zwischen den oblongen Platten (Stachelscheidenbasis) durch einen großen paarigen Komplex von sezernierenden Zellen aus. An dieser Stelle finden sich auch beiDiacamma sp.,P. coarctata undL. chinensis einzelne Drüsenzellen. Zusätzlich ist beiDiacamma sp. hier eine Ansammlung von Epitheldrüsenzellen vorhanden, die angedeutet ebenfalls bei den anderen Arten vorliegt. Bei allen untersuchten Arten münden Kanäle von unterschiedlich großen, dorsolateral gelegenen Komplexen von Drüsenzellen in die membranose Verbindung des Stachelapparates mit dem letzten freien Segment. BeiDiacamma sp.,P. coarctata, O. haematodes undH. saltator befinden sich zudem lateral der Spirakularplatten kleine Ansammlungen von Drüsenzellen.Diacamma sp.,P. coarctata undH. saltator verfügen über latero-ventral befindliche Drüsenzellen, deren Kanäle in die Membran zwischen dem Stachelapparat und dem 7. Sternit münden.

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New abdominal glands in antsI. Ponerini (Formicidae: Ponerinae)

Summary The abdominal glands of six ponerine ants belonging to the tribe Ponerini were analysed:Leptogenys ocellifera (Roger),Leptogenys chinensis (Mayr),Diacamma sp.,Ponera coarctata (Latreille),Odontomachus haematodes (L.) andHarpegnathus saltator (Jerdon). A great variety of glands was found. An intersegmental complex gland is located between the sixth and seventh abdominal tergite in each species investigated. But size, arrangement of gland cells and shape of reservoir differ. In addition, representatives of the genusLeptogenys andH. saltator both have sternal intersegmental complex glands. InL. ocellifera andL. chinensis these glands are located between the fifth and sixth and also between the sixth and seventh abdominal sternite. InH. saltator one sternal gland is situated between the sixth and seventh abdominal sternite. In some species we found characteristical sculptures on the cuticle at the orifice of the well developed reservoirs of the glands. These sculptures could be interpreted as an enlarging of the surface of the cuticle or as a reservoir.Another type of gland cells are epithelial glandular cells. They form distinct layers on the seventh sternite inL. chinensis and on the sixth sternite inL. ocellifera.Tergo-sternal bunches of secretory cells were observed inDiacamma sp.,P. coarctata, H. saltator and inO. haematodes. A similar variety of glands was found associated with the sting apparatus in the gonostyli, at the membrane between the two oblong plates and at the membranous connections between the sting apparatus and the last abdominal segment. InDiacamma sp. two distinct glandular cells are located in the gonostylar sclerites, i.e. secretory cells, each drained by a cuticular ductule and epithelial glandular cells. In the two representatives of the genusLeptogenys, inO. haematodes and inP. coarctata only the first type of gland cell was found. In these species as well as inH. saltator the epidermal cells of the gonostylar sclerites form different states of transition from degenerated epithelial cells to glandular epithelial cells. InH. saltator there are no secretory cells with a cuticular ductule in the gonostyli.Likewise, large paired complexes of gland cells were found at the base of two genostylar sclerites inH. saltator and inO. haernatodes. Though less developed, gland cells of the latter type are inDiacamma sp., P. coarctata and inL. chinensis also located at the base of the gonostyli. InDiacamma sp. the epidermal cells of the membrane connecting the two gonostyli do have secretory function. In the other species investigated they are less developed, and a secretory function cannot be considered certain. In each species investigated ductules of gland cells also open dorsolaterally into the sting chamber. Furthermore inDiacamma sp.P. coarctata, O. haematodes and inH. saltator, ductules of gland cells also open laterally and, except inO. haematodes, latero-ventrally into the membranous connection between the sting apparatus and the last abdominal segment.

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Mit Unterstützung der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft. Herrn Dipl.-Biol. R. Klinger danken wir für stete Diskussionsbereitschaft sowie Herrn Dr. W. Gnatzy für wertvolle Hinweise.     

A new species of the genus <Emphasis Type="Italic">Triodontus</Emphasis> (Coleoptera,Scarabaeidae, Orphninae) from Southern Madagascar

A new scarab beetle species of the endemic Madagascan genus Triodontus Westwood, T. hanskii sp. n., is described from a specimen collected in Southern Madagascar. The new species differs from similar Triodontus species with two medial pronotal tubercles and simple last abdominal sternite in a distinctive shape of the parameres. The type specimen of the new species originates from the southernmost remnant of indigenous rain forest of the island.     

A new genus and species of Coenosiini from Costa Rica (Diptera,Muscidae, Coenosiinae)

Palpilongus gen. n. is herein described for one species – Palpilongus bifurcus sp. n., from Costa Rica, based on male and females. The striking morphological characters of the species – palpus very long, about as long as prementum; upper calypter truncate and very short and setae of male sternite 5 bifurcated, confirm that this new species is also a new genus in the tribe Coenosiini. Male and female terminalia were dissected and illustrated.     

Seven new monotypic genera of African Lasiocampidae (Lepidoptera)

New monotypic genera are established for African Lasiocampidae: Hecata gen. n. (type species Megasoma splendens Druce, 1887), Selena gen. n. (type species Megasoma vesta Druce, 1887), Tragoptyssa gen. n. (type species Streblote flavimaculata Tams, 1929), Ammacosola gen. n. (type species Beralade pygmula Strand, 1911), Scythropa gen. n. (type species Pseudometa schultzei Aurivillius, 1905), and Cryptopacha gen. n. (type species Metanastria porphyria Holland, 1893), as well as Pellecebra gen. n. for the new species Pellecebra superba sp. n. (type locality is the Democratic Republic of the Congo). New species combinations are also introduced, and new synonymy is established: Pseudometa schultzei Aurivillius, 1905 = Pseudometa scythropa Hering, 1928, syn. n.     

A new species of tumbling flower beetles of the genus Mordellaria (Insecta: Coleoptera: Mordellidae) from the Baltic amber

The beetle Mordellaria friedrichi sp. nov. is described from the Baltic amber. The new species differs from extant species of the genus in the shape of the eyes and antennae and in the ratios of the length of the pygidium and length of the elytron, pronotum, and anal sternite.     

中国绿芫菁属一新种（鞘翅目：芫菁科）

记述采自中国河北的绿芫菁属Lytta Fabricius 1 新种:周氏绿芫菁Lytta choui sp. nov.。新种外形与绿边绿芫菁L. suturella (Motschulsky, 1860)十分相似,但新种:1)头部黄色额斑菱形;2)前足胫节末端 2 距,外距细小,内距大而弯;3)第8节背板锐角凹陷;4)前胸前缘凹陷较浅;5)中茎腹钩发达,阳茎细长等特征可与后者区别。文中还给出了新种的成虫和形态特征图。模式标本保存于河北大学博物馆。     

Endonura Cassagnau in Iran,with a key to species of the genus (Collembola,Neanuridae, Neanurinae)

Three new species of Endonura are described from Iran. Endonura dichaeta sp. n. can be recognized by an ogival labrum, head without chaetae O and E, chaeta D connected with tubercle Cl, tubercle Dl with five chaetae on head, absence of tubercles Di on thorax I and tubercle (Di+Di) of thorax V with 2+2 chaetae. Endonura ceratolabralis sp. n. is characterized by large body size, reduction of labral chaetotaxy, ogival labrum, head without chaeta O and fusion of tubercles Di and De on first thoracic segment. Endonura persica sp. n. is distinguished from its congeners by a nonogival labrum, absence of chaeta O, tubercles Dl and (L+So) with five and eight chaetae respectively and claw with inner tooth. The key to all species of the genus is given.     

Larinus berti sp. n. (Coleoptera,Curculionidae, Lixinae) from North Africa

A new species, Larinus berti sp. n. is described from Morocco and assigned to subgenus Cryphopus Petri, 1907 (Curculionidae: Lixinae; Lixini). Diagnostic characters of the new species are large size, elongate-ovate body, bisulcate sub-quadrangular rostrum, triangularly raised dorsum of rostrum, flat subgena and submentum, Y-shaped apodeme of sternite VIII of female and thin nodulus of spermatheca.     

A new species of the genus Micropeplus Latreille(Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Micropeplinae) from China

A new species of the genus Micropeplus Latreille is described under the name of M. songi sp. nov. Color photos of habitus, head, pronotum, elytra, wing, metasternum, the 3rd to 7th tergites of abdomen, the 8th sternite, and aedeagus are provided. This species was found on fungi from Mt. Wahui in Jiulong County, Sichuan, China.     

Mating Behavior and Species Status of Host-Associated Populations of the Polyphagous Thrips, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Frankliniella schultzei</Emphasis>

The thrips taxon, Frankliniella schultzei Trybom, could possibly comprise a complex of unrecognised cryptic species. We therefore made a range of reproductive behavioral observations on F. schultzei individuals from different host-associated populations to investigate their species status. We first described the mating behavior of F. schultzei taken from flowers of a primary host species, Malvaviscus arboreus. The pattern of male-female interaction was complex and protracted, with several behavioral steps being performed. These steps were similar for all mating pairs. Most females responded to male presence before physical contact, suggesting that male pheromones may be involved. We then compared mating behaviors, brood sizes and sex ratios of F. schultzei pairs derived from different host plant species. All pairs in crosses regardless of their original host plant species produced female offspring, indicating successful mating. Frequencies of behaviors were similar for all pairs. Only those crosses involving F. schultzei individuals from Erythrina crista-galli flowers differed from the general pattern in pre-copulation and copulation times. The females from E. crista-galli also produced significantly fewer offspring than females from other crosses. Finally we used traps baited with males from two populations, but set among flowers of one host plant species, to test for differential attraction of females. We found no evidence that the different host-associated populations investigated differ from one another functionally in their sex pheromone system. However, these results do not yet discount the possibility of cryptic species within the taxon F. schultzei. Populations of F. schultzei on many other host species need to be investigated from this perspective.     

Cardiocondyla pirata sp. n. – a new Philippine ant with enigmatic pigmentation pattern (Hymenoptera,Formicidae)

A new species of the ant genus Cardiocondyla Emery, 1869 – Cardiocondyla pirata sp. n. – is described from the Philippines. The species belongs to an Indo-Malayan group of six species that is characterized by workers having a strongly bilobate postpetiolar sternite and a thickset mesosoma with strongly convex dorsal profile as well as wingless, ergatoid males with sickle-shaped mandibles. The female castes show a pigmentation pattern not known from any ant worldwide. If having any adaptive value, a possible function of this structure is supposed to be visual dissolution of body shape in order to irritate predators.     

The importance of non-pollen plant parts as food sources for the common blossom thrips, Frankliniella schultzei

Like other flower thrips, Frankliniella schultzei Trybom (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) feeds on pollen. However, the influence of a pollen diet on the life history of F. schultzei may not be as significant as reported for other thrips species. Frankliniella schultzei was reared successfully and with low mortalities (20%) on Wax Mallow, (Malvaviscus arboreus Cav.) plant part diets. Development times and fecundity on a petal diet were not significantly different from that on a pollen diet. Fecundity on a diet combining M. arboreus pollen, petal and leaf tissues was significantly higher than those individually containing these tissues. In laboratory choice tests, F. schultzei females encountered petal most often of the three plant parts. Pollen and leaf were encountered with similar frequencies. A significantly higher proportion of petal encounters (0.8) resulted in feeding than did pollen encounters (0.5). Few leaf encounters (0.1) were followed by feeding. Adult and larval F. schultzei were found in M. arboreus flowers but not on leaves. All parts of the flower were inhabited and not just the pollen-bearing petal apices and anthers. We propose that feeding on pollen within M. arboreus flowers is just one of many influences on the life history of F. schultzei and suggest that this may extend to other thrips species/host-plant combinations.     

Revision of the Australasian genus Pseudidarnes Girault, 1927 (Hymenoptera,Agaonidae, Sycophaginae)

The species of Pseudidarnes are revised, and six species are described: P. acaudus Farache & Rasplus, sp. n.; P. astridae Farache & Rasplus, sp. n.; P. badiogeminus Farache & Rasplus, sp. n.; P. cooki Farache & Rasplus, sp. n.; P. kjellbergi Farache & Rasplus, sp. n.; P. laevis Farache & Rasplus, sp. n. Pseudidarnes minerva Girault, 1927 and P. flavicollis Bouček, 1988 are redescribed. A key to the species is provided as well as illustrations for all females and all known males (except the wingless male of P. minerva). We also provided further discussion on ecology, morphological patterns, and host taxonomy. Online dichotomous and multi-access interactive LUCID keys to all Pseudidarnes species are available at http://www.figweb.org/.     

Meloidogyne grahami n. sp. (Meloidogynidae), A Root-knot Nematode on Resistant Tobacco in South Carolina

Meloidogyne grahami n. sp. is described and illustrated from specimens on tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) originally from Florence, South Carolina. Considered for several years to be only a race of M. ineognita, this new species readily attacks NC-95 tobacco, a variety with resistance to the M. incognita group that is common in the major U.S. tobacco-producing areas. M. grahami n. sp. is related most closely to the three subspecies of the M. incognita group but differs from all of them, especially in its distinctive perineal pattern and larger larvae (av. 421 μm, vs. 385 μm or less). Also, the dorsal esophageal gland orifice of females of M. grahami n. sp. is further from the base of the styler (5 μm) than in M. i. incognita and M. i. acrita. Comments are given on the distribution of this new species.     

Male specific natural products in the bug, Leptoglossus phyllopus: Chemistry and possible function

In the Coreoidea and some allied groups, male adults possess an abdominal gland opening through a midventral ostiole in the 7–8th abdominal intersegmental membrane. Using a GC-MS system, the following aromatic volatiles were identified in the abdominal gland secretion from males of the leaf footed bug, Leptoglossus phyllopus: guaiacol, benzyl alcohol, syringaldehyde, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, acetosyringone, and vanillin. Males from which the glands were removed still mated and were competitive with control males for a limited number of females. The ventral abdominal gland secretion may act as a long-range attractant of females. The possibility that attraction of females by males in Heteroptera is an adaptation facilitating colonization of successional habitats is discussed.