羽叶鬼灯檠中的单萜二糖苷

从羽叶鬼灯檠 (RodgersiapinnataFranch .)的根茎中分离得到 6个单萜二糖苷 ,它们的结构通过波谱方法分别鉴定为 :(E ) 3,7 dimethyl 1 O [α L rhamnopyranosyl (1→ 6 ) β D glu copyranosyl] oct 2 en 7 ol (1) ,(E ) 3,7 dimethyl 1 O [α L arabinofuranosyl (1→ 6 ) β D glucopy ranosyl] oct 2 en 7 ol (2 ) ,geranyl 1 O α L arabinofuranosyl (1→ 6 ) β D glucopyranoside (3) ,gera nyl 1 O α L rhamnopyranosyl (1→ 6 ) β D glucopyranoside (4 ) ,geranyl 1 O β D xylopyranosyl (1→6 ) β D glucopyranoside (5 ) ,geranyl 1 O α L arabinopyranosyl (1→ 6 ) β D glucopyranoside (6 )。其中化合物 1为新化合物 ,单萜二糖苷类化合物系首次在该属中发现。     

齿棱茎小蒜-中国新记录种

Allium inutile Makino in Bot.Mag.Tokyo 12：104.1898．- Nothoscordum inutile(Makino)kitamura in Bot.Mag.Tokyo 59：35.1946．     

The Glyxosides from Curculigo orchiodes

Seven compounds have been isolaed from the roots of Curculigo orchioides. On the basis of spectral analysis,their structures were elucidated as 2,6-dimethoxy benzoic acid (A),orcinol glucopyranoside(B),curculigine A(C),curculigoside(D),24s,3β,11α,16,24-tetrahyaroxycycloartenol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside(E),24s,3β,11a,16β,24-tetrahydroxycycloartenol-3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside(F) and dancosterol(G). Saponin F is a new tritepenoid compound.     

Glycosylation of trans-Resveratrol by Plant-Cultured Cells

Plant-cultured cells of Catharanthus roseus converted trans-resveratrol into its 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, 4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, 3-O-(6-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside, and 3-O-(6-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside. The 3-O-(6-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside and 3-O-(6-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside compounds of trans-resveratrol are both new. Incubation of plant-cultured cells of Ipomoea batatas and Strophanthus gratus with trans-resveratrol gave trans-resveratrol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and trans-resveratrol 4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside.     

古蔺雪胆中的新三萜皂苷

从采自四川汉源县的古蔺雪胆(Hemsleya penxianensis var.gulinensiks)中分到9个三萜皂苷化合物,通过化学反应和光谱方法鉴定了它们的结构。其中7个为已知化合物,分别为齐墩果酸-28-O-β-D-比喃葡萄糖苷(1),3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛基齐墩果酸苷(3),3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛基—齐墩果酸—28-O-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷(4),3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛基—齐墩果酸—28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(5),3-O-α-L-阿拉伯糖基—(1→3)—β—D-吡喃葡萄糖醛基—齐墩果酸—28—O—β—D—吡喃葡萄糖苷(6),3—O—(6′—丁酯)—β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛基—齐墩果酸—28-O-α-L-阿拉伯糖苷(7),3-O-(6′-丁酯)—β—D吡喃葡萄糖醛基—齐墩果酸—28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(8)。两个新化合物,即雪胆皂苷A(2)和雪胆皂苷B(9)。     

中华青荚叶的一个新果糖酯

从山茱萸科中华青荚叶( Helwingia chinensis )的乙醇提取物中分离得到一个新果糖酯和十个已知化合物.通过现代波谱技术分别鉴定为:2- O -(E)-咖啡酰-3- O -(3, 5-二甲氧基香豆酰)-α-D-呋喃果糖甙(1),2- O -β-D-呋喃果糖基α-D-异吡喃糖酯(2),甘草甜素(3),4′-羟基-7- O -葡萄糖-2, 3-二羟黄酮甙(4),黄豆甙(5),5-葡萄糖芹菜甙(6),7- O -葡萄糖芹菜甙(7),4- O -葡萄糖香豆酸(8), 葡萄糖咖啡酸(9), 3β-赤杨醇(10), 薯蓣皂甙3- O -{α-L-鼠李糖吡喃糖基(1→2)-[α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖基(1→3)]-β-D-葡萄糖吡喃糖} (11).     

桂火绳中化学成分的研究

从梧桐科火绳属桂火绳中提取分离到22个化合物,经结构鉴定为:羽扇豆醇(1),白桦脂酸(2),齐墩果酸(3),丁香脂素(4),(+)-异落叶松树脂醇(5),东莨菪内酯(6),对羟基肉桂酸(7),二十七碳酸单甘油酯(8),2-十八烯酸单甘油酯(9),sitoindosideⅡ(10),儿茶素(11),表儿茶素(12),表儿茶素3-O-β-D-吡喃木糖甙(13),山奈酚3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(14),5,7,4'-三羟基异黄酮(15),4'-O-methylgallocatechin(16),反式-二氢槲皮素-3-O-α-阿拉伯糖甙(17),顺式-二氢槲皮素-3-O-α-阿拉伯糖甙(18),反式-二氢槲皮素-3-O-β-吡喃葡萄糖甙(19),3,5,7,3',5'-五羟基-4'-甲氧基异黄酮(20),山奈酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(6→1)-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖甙(21),以及槲皮素3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(6→1)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(22),这些化学成分首次从该属植物中分离出来。     

Glycosidic inhibitors of melanogenesis from leaves of Momordica charantia

Eight glycosidic compounds, 1-8, including two new compounds, (4ξ)-α-terpineol 8-O-[α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside] (5) and myrtenol 10-O-[β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside] (7), were isolated from the BuOH-soluble fraction of a MeOH extract of Momordica charantia leaves. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses and comparison with literature. Upon evaluation of compounds 1-8 on the melanogenesis in B16 melanoma cells induced with α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), these compounds were found to exhibit inhibitory activities with 7.1-27.0% and 23.6-46.4% reduction of melanin content at 30 μM and 100 μM, respectively, with no or almost no toxicity to the cells (80.0-103.5% of cell viability at 100 μM). Western blot analysis showed that compound 7 reduced the protein levels of MITF, tyrosinase, TRP-1, and TRP-2 mostly in a concentration-dependent manner, suggesting that this compound inhibits melanogenesis on the α-MSH-stimulated B16 melanoma cells by, at least in part, inhibiting the expression of MITF, followed by decreasing the expression of tyrosinase, TRP-1, and TRP-2.     

A 24β-ethyl-Δ7-steryl glucopyranoside from Cucurbita pepo seeds

In the seeds of Cucurbita pepo three closely related 24-ethyl-Δ⁷-steryl glucosides were identified by hydrolytic studies and spectral analysis as spinasteryl-β-D-glucopyranoside, the new 3-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)-24β-ethyl-5α-cholesta-7,25(27)-dien-3β-ol and the corresponding Δ^22E,25,(27)-trienol. Except for its occurrence in cucumber seeds the latter is so far unknown as a natural product.     

杜鹃属植物区系的研究

已知世界杜鹃属(Rhododendron)植物约967种（种下分类等级未计算在内）。本文基于植物区系学的观点,讨论了属内8个亚属：常绿杜鹃亚属、杜鹃亚属、马银花亚属、映山红亚属、羊踯躅亚属、云间杜鹃亚属、纯白杜鹃亚属、异蕊杜鹃亚属的系统位置、分布式样。分析了系统发育和地理分布上的时间、空间关系。认为常绿杜鹃亚属和杜鹃亚属是在本属植物起源后的早期阶段就沿不同途径迁徙、繁衍的两个演化枝。自第三纪以来,它们的性状发展多样,种系高度分化。在现存类群中最具原始性状的亚属是常绿杜鹃亚属,这个亚属的云锦杜鹃亚组Subsect.Fortunea,耳叶杜鹃亚组Subsect.Auriculata 保持较多原始性状。种的分布遍及欧洲、北美洲、亚洲、大洋洲(有1种),东亚种类最多,马来西亚次之。中国-喜马拉雅地区既是多度中心又是多样化中心,马来西亚仅是多度中心。大多数种为地方特有性分布,特有现象十分突出,东亚和马来西亚的特有种共约862种,占种总数的89%以上中国有6个亚属(Candidastrum,Mumeazalea不产)约562种,其中特有种约405种。分析第三纪的化石记录,杜鹃属在全球分布的时间、地点,杜鹃属保持原始或古老性状的类群的现代适生地,认为中国西南至中国中部最有可能是杜鹃属植物的起源地,始祖类群起源的时间会是在晚白垩纪至早第三纪。讨论了杜鹃属在第三纪至第四纪向北半球北部的传布,向亚洲西南、亚洲东南和向东亚的传布以及向大洋洲的传布。从杜鹃属在全球传布的现象和途径,看来现代分布格局形成的原因取决于三方面的因素：时间和窨历史对植物繁衍、传播有着重要制约作用,并受制于植物种系自身具有的遗传性和对环境强烈变化的反应能力。     

5-Methyl ether flavone glucosides from the leaves of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza

Two new 5-methyl ether flavone glucosides (7,4′,5′-trihydroxy-5,3′-dimethoxyflavone 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and 7,4′-dihydroxy-5-methoxyflavone 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside) were isolated from the leaves of Thai mangrove Bruguiera gymnorrhiza together with 7,3′,4′,5′-tetrahydroxy-5-methoxyflavone, 7,4′,5′-trihydroxy-5,3′-dimethoxyflavone, luteolin 5-methyl ether 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, 7,4′-dihydroxy-5,3′-dimethoxyflavone 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, rutin, kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside, myricetin 3-O-rutinoside and an aryl-tetralin lignan rhamnoside. The structure of a lignan rhamnoside was found to be related to racemiside, an isolated compound from Cotoneaster racemiflora, and also discussed. Structure determinations were based on analyses of physical and spectroscopic data including 1D- and 2D-NMR.     

Studies on the stereoselective synthesis of a protected α-D-Gal-(1→2)-D-Glc fragment

A novel 1,2-cis stereoselective synthesis of protected α-D-Gal-(1→2)-D-Glc fragments was developed. Methyl 2-O-acetyl-3-O-allyl-4,6-O-benzylidene-α-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→2)-3-O-benzoyl-4,6-O-benzylidene-α-D-glucopyranoside (13), methyl 2-O-acetyl-3-O-allyl-4,6-O-benzylidene-α-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→2)-3,4,6-tri-O-benzoyl-α-D-glucopyranoside (15), methyl 2-O-acetyl-3-O-allyl-4,6-O-benzylidene-α-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→2)-3-O-benzoyl-4,6-O-benzylidene-β-D-glucopyranoside (17), and methyl 2-O-acetyl-3-O-allyl-4,6-O-benzylidene-α-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→2)-3,4,6-tri-O-benzoyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (19) were favorably obtained by coupling a new donor, isopropyl 2-O-acetyl-3-O-allyl-4,6-O-benzylidene-1-thio-β-D-galactopyranoside (2), with acceptors, methyl 3-O-benzoyl-4,6-O-benzylidene-α-D-glucopyranoside (4), methyl 3,4,6-tri-O-benzoyl-α-D-glucopyranoside (5), methyl 3-O-benzoyl-4,6-O-benzylidene-β-D-glucopyranoside (8), and methyl 3,4,6-tri-O-benzoyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (12), respectively. By virtue of the concerted 1,2-cis α-directing action induced by the 3-O-allyl and 4,6-O-benzylidene groups in donor 2 with a C-2 acetyl group capable of neighboring-group participation, the couplings were achieved with a high degree of α selectivity. In particular, higher α/β stereoselective galactosylation (5.0:1.0) was noted in the case of the coupling of donor 2 with acceptor 12 having a β-CH(3) at C-1 and benzoyl groups at C-4 and C-6.     

显脉旋覆花化学成分的研究(英文)

从显脉旋覆花(Inula nervosaWall.)地上部分的75%乙醇提取物中分离到13个化合物,经波谱鉴定为紫菀酮(1),β-谷甾醇(2),α-菠菜甾醇(3),熊果酸(4),胡萝卜苷(5),bigelovin(6),loliolide(7),24S-乙基-5α-胆甾-7,22E-二烯-3α-醇-β-半乳糖苷(8),菠叶素(9),山萘酚(10),α-菠甾醇-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(11),苄醇-β-D-葡萄糖苷(12)和2-苯乙醇-β-D-葡萄糖苷(13)。其中,化合物1~3和6~13为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

Chemical Constituents of Schisandra rubriflora Rehd.et Wils.

Schisandra rubriflora Rehd. et Wils. is a traditional Chinese medicine. To search for new and bioactive components from traditional Chinese medicines and provide scientific evidence for taxonomy, the chemical constituents ofthe plant were investigated by various column chromatography methods (silica gel,Sephadex LH-20, and RP-18). From the aerial parts ofS. rubriflora, three new megastigmane glycosides,namely (3S, 5R, 6S, 9R)-megastigmane-3, 9-diol 3-O-[α-L-arabionfuranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside](1), 7-megastigmene-3-ol-9-one 3-O-[o-L-arabionfuranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside] (2), and megastigmane-3α, 4β, 9ξ-triol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), along with 14 known compounds, were isolated.The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by a combination of spectroscopic and chemical methods.     

夏至草亲水性化学成分的研究

从夏至草正丁醇萃取物中分离得到6个化合物,运用光谱技术和化学方法鉴定了其中5个化合物的结构,其中1个为无机化合物KNO3（La1)另外4个为苯丙素甙,分别为purpureaside(La2),acteoside(La3),cistanoside B(La4),jionosideA(La5),均为首次从该属植物中获得。     

黄花远志的新齐墩果烷型三萜皂甙

从云南产远志科药用植物黄花远志(PolygalaarillataBuchHamexDDon)茎皮的乙醇提取物中分离得到4个新的齐墩果烷型三萜皂甙,命名为黄花远志皂甙(arillatanoside)A～D。同时还分离得到1个已知的三萜皂甙远志甙(polygalasaponin)XXXV。它们的结构通过波谱方法推定。     

被子植物系统发育研究的现状与展望

为植物界最大的类群—被子植物建立一个能真正反映植物的进化历史和系统发育（phylogeny）的分类系统一直是许多植物系统学家和进化学家所向往的。到目前为止,已经提出的被子植物分类系统至少有二十多个。问题在于这样的分类系统能否说已符合于系统发育的要求？要回答这个问题,首先必须弄清系统发育的真正含义是什么。     

Sesquiterpenoids and lignans from the roots of Valeriana officinalis L

Two new guaiane-type sesquiterpenoids, valerol A (1) and kessyl 3-acetate (2), together with nine known compounds, valeracetate (3), anismol A (4), orientalol C (5), spatulenol (6), 4α,10α-epoxyaromadendrane (7), (+)-8-hydroxypinoresinol (8), pinorespiol (9), pinoresinol 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (10), and 8-hydroxypinoresinol 4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (11) were isolated from the roots of Valeriana officinalis. The structures and relative configurations of 1 and 2 were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods (1D- and 2D-NMR, MS, UV, and IR). These compounds were evaluated for inhibitory activity on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and enhancing activity on nerve growth factor (NGF)-mediated neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells.     

半卧狗娃花中的黄酮类化合物

从半卧狗娃花(Heteropappus semiprost Griers)全草的乙醇提取物中分离并鉴定了7个黄酮类化合物,通过波谱分析及化学方法鉴定其结构为:3′,4′,5,7-四羟基黄酮(1),3′-甲氧基槲皮素(2),槲皮素-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖甙(3),槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖甙(4),异鼠李亭-3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖甙(5),槲皮素-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(6),异鼠李亭-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(7),其中化合物1~5为首次从本属植物中分离得到。     

Six New Constituents from the Fruit of Hypericum patulum and Their Anti-Inflammatory Activity

Four new xanthone glucosides, 3-hydroxy-2-methoxyxanthone-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside ( 1 ), 4,8-dihydroxy-2-methoxyxanthone-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside ( 2 ), 2-methoxyxanthone-5-O-β-D-glucopyranoside ( 3 ), 4-hydroxy-2-methoxyxanthone-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside ( 4 ), a new phenolic acid, 4,4′-dihydroxy-3,3′-imino-di-benzoic acid monomethyl ester ( 5 ), and a new isoquinoline, methyl 6-hydroxy-1-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-4-carboxylate ( 6 ) were isolated from the fruit of Hypericum patulum. The structural elucidation of the isolated compounds was primarily based on HR-ESI-MS, UV, IR, 1D and 2D NMR. All compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory effect against LPS-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 cells. Compound 2 , 3 exhibited moderate inhibitory activity against NO production.