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1.
Antioxidant properties of essential oils from lemon, grapefruit, coriander, clove, and their mixtures 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Antioxidant properties of individual essential oils from lemon (Citrus limon L.), pink grapefruit (Citrus paradise L.), coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.), and clove (Caryophyllus aromaticus L.) buds and their mixtures were studied by capillary gas-liquid chromatography. Antioxidant activity was assessed by oxidation of the aliphatic aldehyde hexanal to the carboxylic acid. The lowest and highest antioxidant activities were exhibited by grapefruit and clove bud essential oils, respectively. Mixtures containing clove bud essential oil also strongly inhibited oxidation of hexanal. Changes in the composition of essential oils and their mixtures in the course of long-term storage in the light were studied. The stability of components of lemon and coriander essential oils in mixtures increased compared to individual essential oils. 相似文献
2.
AIMS: The increasing resistance to antifungal compounds and the reduced number of available drugs led us to search therapeutic alternatives among aromatic plants and their essential oils, empirically used by antifungal proprieties. In this work the authors report on the antifungal activity of Juniperus essential oils (Juniperus communis ssp. alpina, J. oxycedrus ssp. oxycedrus and J. turbinata). METHODS AND RESULTS: Antifungal activity was evaluated by determination of MIC and MLC values, using a macrodilution method (NCCLS protocols), on clinical and type strains of Candida, Aspergillus and dermatophytes. The composition of the oils was ascertained by GC and GC/MS analysis. All essential oils inhibited test dermatophyte strains. The oil from leaves of J. oxycedrus ssp. oxycedrus is the most active, with MIC and MLC values ranging from 0.08-0.16 microl ml(-1) to 0.08-0.32 microl ml(-1), respectively. This oil is mainly composed of alpha-pinene (65.5%) and delta-3-carene (5.7%). CONCLUSIONS: J. oxycedrus ssp. oxycedrus leaf oil proved to be an emergent alternative as antifungal agent against dermatophyte strains. delta-3-Carene, was shown to be a fundamental compound for this activity. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Results support that essential oils or some of their constituents may be useful in the clinical management of fungal infections, justifying future clinical trials to validate their use as therapeutic alternatives for dermatophytosis. 相似文献
3.
Brener B Tortelly R Menezes RC Muniz-Pereira LC Pinto RM 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2006,101(6):677-681
The prevalence of infection and associated pathology induced by two helminth and one protozoan species infecting Brazilian turkeys are reported. The intestinal nematode Heterakis gallinarum appeared with a prevalence of 70% in the infected birds, without gross lesions when not associated to the protozoan Histomonas meleagridis. Histological findings in the ceca were represented by the presence of H. gallinarum worms, intense chronic diffuse inflammatory processes with mononuclear and polymorphonuclear (heterophils) leucocyte infiltrations. The prevalence of the protozoan H. meleagridis associated to H. gallinarum was of 2.5% and microscopic examination revealed a severe inflammatory process in the liver and cecum with the presence of small clear areas with round eosinophilic parasites. Gross lesions were absent in turkeys infected with the renal digenetic trematode Paratanaisia bragai; the parasite was prevalent in 20% of the cases and cross-sections of the kidneys showed a remarkable distension of the collecting ducts with several worms in the lumen. The walls of the ducts presented a discrete heterophilic infiltrate among mononuclear cells. 相似文献
4.
Citrus bergamia Risso. is a rare perfumery plant. Taxonomists have different views
on the taxonomy of C. bergamia. Chemical components of leaf and peel essential oils from C.
bergamia, and its close relatives, C. limon, C. aurantifolia and three varieties of C. aurantium,
were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The analytical result shows that the chemical compositions of the leaf essential oils from C. bergamia are basically the same as those from three varieties of C. aurantium. Their main components are linalool (29.19-39.75% )and linalyl
acetate (24.73-30.24% )etc., and contents of other components are also similar. But their
peel essential oils are different. The peel essential oils from C. bergamia contain less limonene
(29.94%) than those from C. aurantium (92.55-94.31% ) and less beta-pinene (3.00%) and
y-terpinene(3.48% )than those from C. limon or C. aurantifolia (respectiyely 9.16% and
10.42% ) . The peel essential oils from C. bergamia contain not only as much linalool
(22.20%) and linalyl acetate (32.66%)as those in the leaf essential oils from C. aurantium,
but also as much limonene(29.94% )as that in the peel essential oils from C. limon or C.
aurantifolia . The contents of limonene are close to those of the essential oils from C.
aurantifolia.
This result shows that C. bergamia may be a natural hybrid between C.aurantium and C. aurantifolia, as proposed by Sinclair W. B. 相似文献
5.
Park MJ Gwak KS Yang I Choi WS Jo HJ Chang JW Jeung EB Choi IG 《Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea)》2007,45(5):460-465
This study was carried out in order to investigate the potential of using plant oils derived from Leptospermum petersonii Bailey and Syzygium aromaticum L. Merr. Et Perry as natural antifungal agents. The antifungal effects of essential oils at concentrations of 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2 mg/ml on the dermatophytes Microsporum canis (KCTC 6591), Trichophyton mentagrophytes (KCTC 6077), Trichophyton rubrum (KCCM 60443), Epidermophyton floccosum (KCCM 11667), and Microsporum gypseum were evaluated using the agar diffusion method. The major constituents of the active fraction against the dermatophytes were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. The antifungal activities of S. aromaticum oil (clove oil) against the dermatophytes tested were highest at a concentration of 0.2 mg/ml, with an effectiveness of more than 60%. Hyphal growth was completely inhibited in T. mentagrophytes, T. rubrum, and M. gypseum by treatment with clove oil at a concentration of 0.2 mg/ml. Eugenol was the most effective antifungal constituent of clove oil against the dermatophytes T. mentagrophytes and M. canis. Morphological changes in the hyphae of T. mentagrophytes, such as damage to the cell wall and cell membrane and the expansion of the endoplasmic reticulum, after treatment with 0.11 mg/ml eugenol were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). At a concentration of 0.2 mg/ml, L. petersonii oil (LPO) was more than 90% effective against all of the dermatophytes tested, with the exception of T. rubrum. Geranial was determined to be the most active antifungal constituent of L. petersonii oil. Taken together, the results of this study demonstrate that clove and tea tree oils exhibited significant antifungal activities against the dermatophytes tested in this study. 相似文献
6.
Sandra R. Fuselli Susana B. García de la Rosa Martín J. Eguaras Rosalía Fritz 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2008,24(10):2067-2072
Antimicrobial properties and chemical composition of four citrus fruit essential oils to control Paenibacillus larvae, the causal agent of American foulbrood disease (AFB) were determined. This honeybee larvae disease occurs throughout the
world and is found in many beekeeping areas of Argentina. Citrus fruit essential oils tested were those from grapefruit (Citrus paradisi), sweet orange (Citrus sinensis), mandarin (Citrus nobilis) and lemon (Citrus limon). The components of the essential oils were identified by SPME-GC/MS analysis. The antimicrobial activity of the oils against
P. larvae were determined by the broth microdilution method. Two way ANOVA tests for minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) data
and minimal bactericide concentrations (MBCs) data, indicated significant differences between the strains and the oils tested.
The antimicrobial assays showed that the oil of C. paradisi inhibited the bacterial strains at the lowest concentrations tested, MICs and MBCs averages of 385.0 mg/l and 770.0 mg/l,
respectively. This property could be attributed to the kind and percentage of the volatile components of the oil, like limonene
(69.9%) and myrcene (9.6%). The use of essential oils or their specific volatile components individually against pests related
to food provision may represent an alternative scope for the control of this serious disease because it does not leave toxic
chemical residues in honey nor in its by products. 相似文献
7.
D. R. GEORGE O. A. E. SPARAGANO G. PORT E. OKELLO R. S. SHIEL J. H. GUY 《Medical and veterinary entomology》2010,24(1):1-8
The toxicity of a range of plant essential oils to the poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer) (Acari: Dermanyssidae), a serious ectoparasitic pest of laying hens throughout Europe and elsewhere, was assessed in the laboratory. Dermanyssus gallinae may cause losses in egg production, anaemia and, in extreme cases, death of hens. With changes in legislation and consumer demand, alternatives to synthetic acaricides are needed to manage this pest. Fifty plant essential oils were selected for their toxicity to arthropods reported in the literature. Twenty-four of these essential oils were found to kill > 75% of adult D. gallinae in contact toxicity tests over a 24-h period at a rate of 0.21 mg/cm2 . Subsequent testing at lower rates showed that the essential oils of cade, manuka and thyme were especially toxic to adult D. gallinae . The toxicity of the seven most acaricidal essential oils was found to be stable at different temperatures likely to be encountered in commercial poultry housing (15°C, 22°C and 29°C), although results suggest that humidity and dust might influence the toxicity of some of the oils tested. The toxicity of clove bud essential oil to D. gallinae , for example, was increased at high humidity and dust levels compared with ambient levels. The results suggest that certain essential oils may make effective botanical pesticides for use against D. gallinae , although it is likely that issues relating to the consistency of the toxic effect of some oils will determine which oils will be most effective in practice. 相似文献
8.
Essential oils extracted from 10 medicinal plants were evaluated for larvicidal, adulticidal, ovicidal, oviposition-deterrent and repellent activities towards three mosquito species; Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus. The essential oils of Juniperus macropoda and Pimpinella anisum were highly effective as both larvicidal and ovicidal. The essential oil of P. anisum showed toxicity against 4th instar larvae of A. stephensi and A. aegypti with equivalent LD95 values of 115.7 microg/ml, whereas it was 149.7 microg/ml against C. quinquefasciatus larvae. Essential oils of Zingiber officinale and Rosmarinus officinalis were found to be ovicidal and repellent, respectively towards the three mosquito species. The essential oil of Cinnamomum zeylanicum resulted into highest repellent (RD95) values of 49.6, 53.9 and 44.2 mg/mat against A. stephensi, A. aegypti and C. quinquefasciatus, respectively apart from oviposition-deterrent potential. 相似文献
9.
Antifungal effects of the volatile oils from Allium plants against Trichophyton species and synergism of the oils with ketoconazole 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
In an attempt to develop stable and safe antifungal agents from natural products (daily foodstuffs in particular), the activities of essential oils from Allium sativum for. pekinense, A. cepa, and A. fistulosum against three Trichophyton species responsible for severe mycoses in humans were investigated and compared with activity of allicin in this study. The fungistatic activities of Allium oils were evaluated by the broth dilution method and disk diffusion assay. The combined effects of Allium oils with ketoconazole were tested by the checkerboard titer test. Among the tested oils, A. sativum for. pekinense oil exhibited the strongest inhibition of growth of T. rubrum, T. erinacei, and T. soudanense with MICs (minimum inhibiting concentrations) of 64microg/ml, while the activities of A. cepa and A. fistulosum were relatively mild. The inhibiting activities of the oils on Sabouraud agar plates were dose dependent against Trichophyton species. Additionally, these oils showed significant synergistic antifungal activity when combined with ketoconazole in the checkerboard titer test and disk diffusion test. 相似文献
10.
Chemical composition and fumigant toxicity of some essential oils against Ephestia kuehniella 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The chemical constituents of some essential oils extracted from aromatic plants (savory, Satureja thymbra L.; Turkish oregano, Origanum onites L.; myrtle, Myrtus communis L.; marjoram, Origanum majorana L.; laurel, Laurus nobilis L.; lemon, Citrus limon L.; sticky goosefoot, Chenopodium botrys L.; and tansy, Tanecetum armenum [DC.] Suchultz Bip.) were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Fumigant toxicity of volatile compounds was tested against Mediterranean flour moth, Ephestia kuehniella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), eggs and adults. Percentage of mortality and longevity of E. kuehniella adults were estimated after essential oil treatments. LC50 and LC99 values were determined for each exposure time for each essential oil. Marjoram and lemon oils were the most effective of all the essential oils tested. The major components were linalool, 1.8-cineole, citral, 2-(4a.8-dimethyl-1.2.3.4.4a.5.6.7-octahydro-naphthalen-2-yl)-prop-2-en-l-ol, and p-cymene for marjoram, laurel, lemon, goosefoot, and tansy, respectively. The LC50 and LC99 values were estimated as 3.27 and 5.13 microl liter(-1) air for marjoram and 4.05 and 5.57 microl liter(-1) air for lemon essential oils at the longest exposure time. Decreasing longevity effect of marjoram and lemon was more prominent compared with other essential oils. We suggest that essential oils obtained from certain aromatic plants have potential as fumigants for stored product pests. 相似文献
11.
Gunasekaran Bhuvaneswari Ramaraj Thirugnanasampandan Madhusudhanan Gogulramnath 《Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants》2020,26(2):271-279
Citrus limon (L.) Osbeck cultivated all over the world is a valuable source of aromatic essential oil. To develop tetraploids of C. limon, four different concentration of colchicine (0.025, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2%; w/v) and three varied exposure time (12, 24 and 48 h) were employed. The ploidy level of diploids (2n = 2x = 18) and tetraploids (2n = 4x = 36) were determined by direct chromosome count and confirmed by flow cytometric analyses. Successful result with maximum tetraploidy frequency was observed in plantlets developed from seeds treated with 0.025% colchicine for 24 h. Morphological and stomatal characteristics indicated that tetraploids were taller with increased leaf and root length. On the other side, the leaves of tetraploids had fewer and larger stomata with a greater number of chloroplasts in guard cells in contrast with diploids. GC–GC/MS analyses showed cyclic monoterpene, limonene had increased significantly in tetraploids and was further confirmed by HPLC quantification. RT-PCR analyses revealed unaltered expression of monoterpene synthase, sesquiterpene synthase and flavone synthase and remarkable upregulation of genes such as limonene synthase, chalcone synthase and phenylalanine ammonia lyase in tetraploids. Antioxidant activity of essential oil of tetraploids was higher than diploids in all the five test systems studied. Overall, the findings of the present study prove that colchicine induced tetraploidy in C. limon could be a greater source of essential oil with improved composition and of economic significance. 相似文献
12.
Bioactivity of selected plant essential oils against the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti larvae 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The bioactivity of 14 essential oils from five plants has been studied using the brine shrimp lethality test and the Aedes aegypti larvicidal assay. All essential oils screened had LC50 values smaller than 200 microg/ml, showing significant lethality against brine shrimp. In addition, nine of the 14 essential oils tested showed toxicity against the fourth-instar A. aegypti larvae in 24 h (LC50<100 microg/ml). Of these, the leaf and bark essential oils of Cryptomeria japonica demonstrated high larvicidal activity, the most active being the leaf essential oil of C. japonica, with a LC50=37.6 microg/ml (LC90=71.9 microg/ml), followed by the bark essential oil of C. japonica also showing high activity against A. aegypti larvae, with a LC50=48.1 microg/ml (LC90=130.3 microg/ml). The results obtained from this study suggest that the leaf and bark essential oils of C. japonica are promising as larvicides against A. aegypti larvae and could be useful in the search for new natural larvicidal compounds. 相似文献
13.
Juliani HR Kapteyn J Jones D Koroch AR Wang M Charles D Simon JE 《Phytochemical analysis : PCA》2006,17(2):121-128
An evaluation has been made of the potential of near-infrared (NIR) technologies in the assessment of essential oil components and in the identification of individual essential oils. The results showed that cross-validation models are able to predict accurately almost all of the components of essential oils. In different cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) and clove (Syzygium aromaticum) essential oils, which showed a similar composition, 23 components (representing 97.8-99.9% of the oil) were accurately predicted, as well as 20 components (93.0-99.1%) in Cinnamomum camphora (ravintsara), 32 components (92.3-98.1%) in Ravensara aromatica (ravensara), and 26 components (96.6-98.4%) in Lippia multiflora. For almost all of the components, the modelled and reference values obtained by GC-FID were highly correlated (r2 > or = 0.985) and exhibited a low variance (less than 5%). The model was also able to discriminate between the ravintsara and ravensara essential oils. It was shown that two commercial oils labelled as R. aromatica were actually ravintsara (C. camphora), revealing the misidentification of these essential oils in the marketplace. The study demonstrates the application of NIR technology as a quality control tool for the rapid identification of individual essential oils, for product authentication, and for the detection of adulteration. 相似文献
14.
Sréter T Kovács G da Silva AJ Pieniazek NJ Széll Z Dobos-Kovács M Márialigeti K Varga I 《Applied and environmental microbiology》2000,66(2):735-738
This study was undertaken in order to characterize Cryptosporidium meleagridis isolated from a turkey in Hungary and to compare the morphologies, host specificities, organ locations, and small-subunit RNA (SSU rRNA) gene sequences of this organism and other Cryptosporidium species. The phenotypic differences between C. meleagridis and Cryptosporidium parvum Hungarian calf isolate (zoonotic genotype) oocysts were small, although they were statistically significant. Oocysts of C. meleagridis were successfully passaged in turkeys and were transmitted from turkeys to immunosuppressed mice and from mice to chickens. The location of C. meleagridis was the small intestine, like the location of C. parvum. A comparison of sequence data for the variable region of the SSU rRNA gene of C. meleagridis isolated from turkeys with other Cryptosporidium sequence data in the GenBank database revealed that the Hungarian C. meleagridis sequence is identical to a C. meleagridis sequence recently described for a North Carolina isolate. Thus, C. meleagridis is a distinct species that occurs worldwide and has a broad host range, like the C. parvum zoonotic strain (also called the calf or bovine strain) and Cryptosporidium felis. Because birds are susceptible to C. meleagridis and to some zoonotic strains of C. parvum, these animals may play an active role in contamination of surface waters not only with Cryptosporidium baileyi but also with C. parvum-like parasites. 相似文献
15.
利用气相色谱—质谱(GCMS)法结合化学计量学方法对丁香挥发油化学成分进行了分析研究。得益于化学计量学分辨方法,从丁香花蕾与丁香果实中共鉴定了46种化合物。其中从丁香果实挥发油中鉴定了41种化合物,占挥发油总量的94.154%;从丁香花蕾挥发油中鉴定出30种化合物,占其挥发油总量的98.418%。2,3,4trimethoxyacetophenone和2methoxy4[2propenyl]phenolacetate为首次从丁香挥发油中鉴定得到。两种已经确认具有生物活性的化合物丁子香酚和石竹烯在丁香果挥发油分别为22.667%和7.147%,而在丁香花蕾挥发油中含量分别为和57.133%和14.408%,二者在相对含量上差异较大。体外抗菌试验结果表明,这两种挥发油对金黄色葡萄球菌和白色念珠菌十分敏感,对大肠杆菌和枯草杆菌敏感。而丁香花蕾挥发油对所有试验菌株都比丁香果挥发油表现出更强的抗菌活性,我们认为这可能是前者丁子香酚和石竹烯含量高的原因。 相似文献
16.
Heba A. Hagag Salih A. Bazaid El-Sayed S. Abdel-Hameed Mahmood Salman 《Cytotechnology》2014,66(6):913-923
Taif rose (Rosa damascena trigintipetala Dieck) is a sort of damask rose, which is considered as one of the most important economic products of Taif. In this study, the authors investigated the possible cytotoxic, genotoxic, antimutagenic and anticancer effect of concrete and absolute rose oils. The results showed that both concrete and absolute rose oils were cytotoxically and genotoxically safe at a dose of 10 μg/ml when tested on cultures of normal human blood lymphocytes. Also, the results showed significant antimutagenic activity at p < 0.001 for absolute rose oil at the same dose level when tested on cultures of normal human blood lymphocytes supplemented with 300 ng/ml mitomycin C (MMC). On the other hand, concrete and absolute oils exerted a cytotoxic activity against two kinds of human cancer cell lines: HepG2 and MCF7. Concrete oil showed cytotoxic activity against HepG2 and MCF7 with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 16.28 and 18.09 μg/ml, respectively, whereas absolute rose oil showed its cytotoxic activity against HepG2 and MCF7 with an IC50 of 24.94 and 19.69, respectively. From this study, it is concluded that concrete and absolute rose oils are cytotoxically and genotoxically safe at a dose of 10 μg/ml when tested on cultures of normal human blood lymphocytes. In addition, absolute oil has an antimutagenic activity at the same dose. Further investigations are needed to study the activity of higher doses of both oils in vitro and in vivo in experimental animals in order to evaluate the capability of using these oils as therapeutic for treatment of some kinds of cancers. 相似文献
17.
M.S.A. Khan M. Zahin S. Hasan F.M. Husain I. Ahmad 《Letters in applied microbiology》2009,49(3):354-360
Aims: To evaluate quorum sensing (QS) inhibitory activity of plant essential oils using strains of Chromobacterium violaceum (CV12472 and CVO26) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAO1).
Methods and Results: Inhibition of QS-controlled violacein production in C. violaceum was assayed using disc diffusion and agar well diffusion method. Of the 21 essential oils, four oils showed varying levels of anti-QS activity. Syzygium aromaticum (Clove) oil showed promising anti-QS activity on both wild and mutant strains with zones of pigment inhibition 19 and 17 mm, respectively, followed by activity in cinnamon, lavender and peppermint oils. The effect of clove oil on the extent of violacein production was estimated photometrically and found to be concentration dependent. At sub-MICs of clove oil, 78·4% reduction in violacein production over control and up to 78% reduction in swarming motility in PAO1 over control were recorded. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of clove oil indicated presence of many phytocompounds. Eugenol, the major constituent of clove oil could not exhibit anti-QS activity.
Conclusions: Presence of anti-QS activity in clove oil and other essential oils has indicated new anti-infective activity. The identification of anti-QS phytoconstituents is needed to assess the mechanism of action against both C. violaceum and Ps. aeruginosa .
Significance and Impact of the study: Essential oils having new antipathogenic drugs principle because of its anti-QS activity might be important in reducing virulence and pathogenicity of drug-resistant bacteria in vivo . 相似文献
Methods and Results: Inhibition of QS-controlled violacein production in C. violaceum was assayed using disc diffusion and agar well diffusion method. Of the 21 essential oils, four oils showed varying levels of anti-QS activity. Syzygium aromaticum (Clove) oil showed promising anti-QS activity on both wild and mutant strains with zones of pigment inhibition 19 and 17 mm, respectively, followed by activity in cinnamon, lavender and peppermint oils. The effect of clove oil on the extent of violacein production was estimated photometrically and found to be concentration dependent. At sub-MICs of clove oil, 78·4% reduction in violacein production over control and up to 78% reduction in swarming motility in PAO1 over control were recorded. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of clove oil indicated presence of many phytocompounds. Eugenol, the major constituent of clove oil could not exhibit anti-QS activity.
Conclusions: Presence of anti-QS activity in clove oil and other essential oils has indicated new anti-infective activity. The identification of anti-QS phytoconstituents is needed to assess the mechanism of action against both C. violaceum and Ps. aeruginosa .
Significance and Impact of the study: Essential oils having new antipathogenic drugs principle because of its anti-QS activity might be important in reducing virulence and pathogenicity of drug-resistant bacteria in vivo . 相似文献
18.
Effect of absorbent pads containing black seed or rosemary oils on the shelf life of sardine [Sardina pilchardus (Walbaum, 1792)] fillets
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The effects of essential oils on the shelf life of sardine (Sardina pilchardus) fillets in cold storage were assessed at 4–6°C. The oils were sprayed on the fillets as well as with the addition of absorbent food pads that also contained essential oils. Sardine fillets were divided into eight test groups. Group A: fillets stored without treatment (control group); Group B: fillets packaged with food pads (without the addition of essential oils); Group C: Rosemary oil sprayed onto food pads (10 ml of 1.5% RO); Group D: Black seed oil sprayed onto the food pads (10 ml of 1.5%BSO); Group E: Rosemary oil sprayed onto both sides of the sardine fillets (10 ml of 1.5%RO); Group F: Black seed oil sprayed onto both sides of sardine fillets (10 ml of 1.5% BO); Group G: Rosemary oil sprayed onto both sides of the sardine fillets (10 ml of 1.5% RO) and on the food pads (+10 ml of 1.5% RO); and Group H: Black seed oil sprayed onto the sardine fillets and the food pads (10 ml of 1.5% BSO onto both sides of fillets +10 ml of 1.5% BSO onto food pads). Tests were carried out at days 0, 3, 5 and 7. When compared to the control group, food pads containing rosemary and black seed oils extended the shelf life of sardine fillets by approximately 2 days at 4–6°C. Group A and B exceeded the limit of consumption on day 3, and Group C and D exceeded this microbiological limit after day 5. RO and BSO both exhibited the same antimicrobial effects on the shelf life of sardine fillets. Groups E, F, G and H prolonged the microbiological threshold by 7 days compared to the control. However, Group G and H had 1–1.5 log lower TVC load than Group E and F. Food pads containing antimicrobial essential oils may be used to extend the shelf life of fresh fish, however, further investigations are needed to determine safety standards. 相似文献
19.
AIMS: To investigate the effectiveness of oils and vapours of lemon (Citrus limon), sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) and bergamot (Citrus bergamia) and their components against a number of common foodborne pathogens. METHODS AND RESULTS: The disc diffusion method was used to screen the oils and vapours against Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli O157 and Campylobacter jejuni. The survival of each species, demonstrated to be susceptible in the in vitro studies, was tested on cabbage leaf for 60 s by direct contact and on chicken skin for 10 min by direct contact and 24 h by vapour. The results indicate that bergamot was the most inhibitory essential oil (EO) and citral and linalool mimicked its effect (P > 0.001). Citral and linalool vapours produced 6 log reductions in L. monocytogenes, Staph. aureus and B. cereus populations on cabbage leaf after 8-10 h exposure but bergamot vapour exposure, while producing a similar reduction in L. monocytogenes and B. cereus populations, had no effect on Staph. aureus. CONCLUSIONS: Bergamot was the most effective of the oils tested and linalool the most effective anti-bacterial component. Gram-positive bacteria were more susceptible than Gram-negative bacteria in vitro, although Camp. jejuni and E. coli O157 were inhibited by bergamot and linalool oils and by linalool vapour. All bacteria tested were less susceptible in food systems than in vitro. Of the Gram-positive bacteria tested Staph. aureus was the least susceptible to both the oils and the components tested. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Results suggest the possibility that citrus EOs, particularly bergamot, could be used as a way of combating the growth of common causes of food poisoning. 相似文献
20.
《Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences》2021,28(10):5435-5441
The effect of organic (poultry and cattle manures) and biological (effective microorganisms, EM) fertilizers on growth, essential oil yield and its compositions, endogenous phytohormones content and antibacterial activity of peppermint plants grown in pot over 12 weeks was studied. Application of organo- and bio-fertilizers greatly affected on growth, essential oil production and other estimated parameters of peppermint plants. Slight stimulation effect was happened due to soil application of organic manures. Soil application of EM alone or in combination with organic fertilizers significantly increased growth, yield and components of essential oils, endogenous hormones of peppermint as compared to other treatments. Using disc diffusion method, the extracted oil of peppermint plants amended with organic and biofertilizers recorded the highest antibacterial activity against tested pathogenic bacteria like Klebsiella pneuumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus. 相似文献