淫羊藿属十二个种的核型

用细胞压片法对12 个淫羊藿属( Epimedium) 植物的根尖有丝分裂进行了观察, 并对其核型进行了比较研究。结果表明: 这12 种淫羊藿在核型上基本相似, 都有1 对中间随体染色体, 而且都为对称核型。粗毛淫羊藿( E. acuminatum) 、印江淫羊藿( E . yinjiangense )、单叶淫羊藿( E. simplicifloum) 、巫山淫羊藿( E. wushanense) 、光叶淫羊藿( E. myrianthum) 、宝兴淫羊藿( E. davidi) 、罗甸淫羊藿( E. luodianense) 、木鱼坪淫羊藿( E. franchetii ) 、箭叶淫羊藿( E. sagittatum) 、E. pubigerum、高山淫羊藿( E. alpinum) 等11 个种的核型公式均为2n = 2x= 6m (2SAT ) + 6sm, 而黔岭淫羊藿( E. leptorrhizum) 的核型公式为2n = 2x = 8m ( 2SAT ) + 4sm。结果显示12 种淫羊藿的体细胞染色体数目均为2n = 12 , 基数X = 6; 都属于对称核型、都有1 对中间随体; 染色体均为m、sm 两种类型。     

六种贵州淫羊藿属植物的核型分析

用压片法对原产贵州的六种淫羊藿属植物的根尖有丝分裂中期染色体核型进行了比较研究。结果表明:这6种淫羊藿在核型上基本相同,都有1对中间随体染色体,而且都为对称核型。箭叶淫羊藿、粗毛淫羊藿、巫山淫羊藿、黔北淫羊藿、四川淫羊藿的核型公式均为6m(2SAT)+6sm,而黔岭淫羊藿的为8m(2SAT)+4sm。     

四川淫羊藿属一新种

四川淫羊藿属一新种严克俭（广西中医药研究所,南宁５３００２２）关键词少花淫羊藿ＡＮＥＷＳＰＥＣＩＥＳＯＦＥＰＩＭＥＤＩＵＭＦＲＯＭＳＩＣＨＵＡＮ￥ＹｅｎＫｅｃｈｉｅｎ（ＧｕａｎｇｘｉＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＴｒａｄｉｔｉｏｎａｌＭｅｄｉｃａｌ＆Ｐｈａｒ...     

贵州淫羊藿属一新种

德务淫羊藿新种图1 Epinedium dewuense S. Z. He, Probst et W. F. Xu sp. nov. Fig. 1 Species nova E. sagittato (Sieb. et Zucc. ) Maxim. similis, sed paginis foliorum pilosis, floribus majoribus(circ. 2 cm diam. ), sepalis exterioribus ad medium purpureo-roseis, petalis purepureo-roseis, saccatis, elimbatis,antheris viridulis oblongis 2-1ocularibus, loculis aegualibus parallelis ad maturitatem a basi ad apicem apertis, lobis per-sitentibus revolutis, facile differt.     

贵州淫羊藿属药用植物一新种

贵州淫羊藿属药用植物一新种何顺志,张天伦（贵州省中药研究所,贵阳５５０００２）关键词淫羊藿属;小叶淫羊藿;新种ＡＮＥＷＳＰＥＣＩＥＳＯＦＭＥＤＩＣＩＮＡＬＰＬＡＮＴＳＯＦＥＰＩＭＥＤＩＵＭＬ．ＦＲＯＭＧＵＩＺＨＯＵ￥ＨｅＳｈｕｎｚｈｉａｎｄＺｈａｎｇ...     

淫羊藿属8个种的Giemsa C带比较研究

应用BSG方法对淫羊藿属(Epimedium)8个种的Giemsa C带进行了比较研究.结果表明,有15～22条C 带,包含着丝粒带、端带、中间带、中间随体带等类型;根据带纹数目和位置,8个种可分为三类:I类是E. sagittatum,显示的C带最少,仅有15条;Ⅱ类是原产德国的E. alpinum和E.pubigerum,显示的C带较少,均为18条;Ⅲ类是其余的5种,即:E. acuminatum、E. simplicifluom、E. wushanense、E. leptorrhizum、E davidi,这类植物显示的C带数目较多,不少于20条.     

中国淫羊藿属药用植物一新种

记载了产于我国贵州的淫羊藿属（小檗科）药用植物一新种:黔北淫羊藿。     

Nectar Sucking Pollinators in Hybrid Derivatives of Epimedium (Berberidaceae)

Abstract The followings are detected in the plants derived from hybridization between Epimedium diphyllum and E. sempervirens. Bombus ardens queen sucked nectar from flowers with spurs of which lengths correspond to those of the bees' proboscides. Queens of B. ardens and males and females of Tetralonia nipponensis sucked nectar indiscriminately from reddish purple and white flowers. B. hypocrita queens, which were not pollinators, perforated spurs and thieved nectar.     

不同大花类群淫羊藿属植物的花部特征及生殖特征研究

淫羊藿是我国重要的草本植物,在中药、功能性食品和园林观赏等领域都具有重要用途,受地域差异性影响,淫羊藿属植物的植株形态、花部特征、开花物候和生殖特征各不相同。本研究对四川不同产地野生种群大花类淫羊藿（巫山淫羊藿、粗毛淫羊藿和宝兴淫羊藿）的开花动态、花部特征、访花昆虫与繁殖系统进行了对比研究。结果表明：（1）3种淫羊藿属植物的开花期较为集中,巫山淫羊藿和粗毛淫羊藿的花期为3月下旬～4月下旬,单花花期均为3～4 d;宝兴淫羊藿的花期为4月中旬～5月中旬,单花花期5～6 d;（2）膜翅目和双翅目昆虫为3种淫羊藿属植物的有效访花者,有效访花者访花特性与花部特征之间具有明显的相关性;（3）3种淫羊藿属植物的花序、花和果实的数量受所处环境影响较大,自然结实率：巫山淫羊藿>宝兴淫羊藿>粗毛淫羊藿;温度和光照是最主要的影响因子。     

Adaptive Shifts in the Regulation System of Seed Yield in Japanese Species of Epimedium (Berberidaceae)

Abstract Total seed yield per plant in one season was differentiated neither between Epimedium diphyllum and the E. grandiflorum complex ( E. grandiflorum and E. sempervirens ), nor between these two groups and one of their hybrid derived species, E. trifoliatobinatum . Total ovules per plant and seed-set rate per capsule ( SR ) did not vary greatly between these species, and seed weight ( SW ) was almost the same between them. The number of flowers per inflorescence ( F ) was also constant. However, the remaining reproductive component characters, ovule number per ovary ( O ) and inflorescence number per plant ( I ), were differentiated between the three taxa. These two characters were negatively correlated and a trade-off relationship occurred under the constant total seed yield (= O × F × I × SR × SW ). Ovule number per ovary was highly correlated with spur length of the flower. During the course of the hybrid speciation of E. trifoliatobinatum , selection pressure by pollinators on intermediate spur length seems to have favored plants with an intermediate ovule number. On the other hand, this selection pressure counteracted the increase of the inflorescence number under the trade-off. The resultant seed yield of E. trifoliatobinatum did not differ from that of the parental species, but the pattern of ovule allocation to ovaries (capsules) was altered.     

Petal evolution and distribution patterns of Epimedium Linn. (Berberidaceae)

The genus Epimedium as known at present comprises 50 species, in contrast to the 21 species recognized by Stearn in 1938. Its wide and fragmented range from Japan westward to Algeria indicates its antiquity. The species of the genus Epimedium are far from being evenly distributed over Eurasian land. Approximately 80% species of the total species of the genus are now represent ed in the central-southeastern China. This must be considered as a very high concentration of the number of species for a genus in a relatively not very large area like that of the central-southeastern China. On the other hand, an analysis of the petal evolution seems to indicate that the genus Epi medium has enjoyed uninterrupted evolution only in China. From the above facts, we can see clearly that the central-southeastern China has the credit of being a center of concentration for the species of Epimedium in the North Hemisphere. Epimedium occupies two widely separated regions, in East Asia and the Mediterranean regions; within each region there are extensive areas from which the ge nus is entirely absent. Despite the wide and discontinuous distribution outlined above, the ecological requirements of the species appear to be much alike. Essentially woodland herbs, the Epimedium plants often grow in the shade of Fagus forest as dominant species of herb layer in East Asia and the Mediterranean land, and its distribution pattern is very similar to that of Fagus in Eurasian land. It is significant that the distribution pattern of Epimedium coincides in many respects with the modern distribution pattern of the Tertiary genus Fagus. It is reasonable, despite the lack of fossil evidence, to suppose that Epimedium had acquired its wide dispersion in the North Hemisphere during the Paleogene if not before the collision of India with the Eurasia plate and the subsequent uplift of the Himalayas increased aridity in Central Asia. This led to its further disjunction.     

三种木莲属(木兰科)植物的核型研究

为探讨巴东木莲 (Manglietiapatungensis)的分类学地位 ,对巴东木莲以及它的近缘种红花木莲 (M insignis)和乳源木莲 (M yuyuanensis)进行了核型研究。乳源木莲和巴东木莲的核型公式为 2n =34m (2sat) 4sm ,红花木莲的为 2n =32m 6sm (2sat)。结合前人的研究说明木莲属的核型比较稳定 ,核型不对称性均为较对称的 2B型 ,只是在核型不对称系数、染色体相对长度、最长染色体与最短染色体比值等方面有细微差异。红花木莲和巴东木莲的核型为首次报道。核型分析结果不支持将巴东木莲归并到红花木莲中的分类学处理     

Characterization of microsatellite loci for a barrenwort species (Epimedium diphyllum,Berberidaceae)

Microsatellites were identified and characterized from Epimedium diphyllum, a species of barrenworts, both attractive garden plants and valuable medicinal plants. Some Japanese species of Epimedium are threatened with extinction, and are listed in the Red Data Book of plants in Japan. Natural hybrid zones also have been reported among some taxa of Japanese Epimedium. We developed eight polymorphic microsatellite primers for population genetic analyses of E. diphyllum. The numbers of alleles per locus ranged from 10 to 20, with observed levels of heterozygosity between 0.85 and 1.00. These primer sets yielded amplification in the other three Japanese Epimedium. These markers will be valuable for conservation genetics, evolutionary biology, pharmacognostic study, and horticultural study of Epimedium.     

Identification of microsatellite loci from Epimedium koreanum and cross‐species amplification in four species of Epimedium (Berberidaceae)

Nineteen polymorphic microsatellite markers were isolated and characterized from a trinucleotide enriched partial genomic library of Epimedium koreanum. The average allele number of these microsatellites was 5.9 per locus, ranging from two to 11. The observed heterozygosity (H_O) and expected heterozygosity (H_E) at the population level were 0.00–0.90 and 0.12–0.90, respectively. In addition, the results of cross‐species amplification of this set of microsatellite markers in four closely related Epimedium species, E. brevicornum, E. sagittatum, E. pubescens and E. wushanense, revealed that these microsatellite markers were useful for population genetic structure evaluation and genotype analysis of major Epimedium species that have been used as traditional Chinese medicines.     

淫羊藿属7种植物的雌蕊及果实形态描述的订正

采用了野外观察和光学显微技术对淫羊藿属（Epimedium L.）7种植物的雌蕊及果实的形态结构进行了研究。结果表明：7种植物的心皮数目为1个,胎座类型为边缘胎座,果实类型为蓇葖果。比较了《中国植物志》等文献的记载,订正了文献对7个种＂侧膜胎座＂或＂蒴果＂的记述,并对淫羊藿属的相应特征提出观点。     

淫羊藿属(小檗科)花瓣的演化和地理分布格局的研究

淫羊藿属的种数与60年前大不相同,现在已知约有50种。该属种类间断地分布于日本至北非 的阿尔及利亚之间的广大地区,这一分布格局表明了该属的古老性质。它们在欧亚大陆的分布极不均 匀,约有80％的种类产于中国中部至东南部,而且根据花瓣的演化分析结果表明,只有中国的淫羊藿属 植物具有连续不断的演化过程。由此可见,中国中部至东南部成为北半球淫羊藿属植物的汇集中心是 有充分根据的。淫羊藿属种类基本上是林地草本植物,常生于水青冈林下,为林下草本层的优势种,而 且该属的分布格局与第三纪植物属——水青冈属在欧亚大陆的分布格局极为相似,说明淫羊藿属植物 在早第三纪时期已广泛分布于北半球。中新世时期由于中亚地区气候变干,加之印度板块向欧亚大陆 俯冲并引起喜马拉雅山脉隆起,致使中亚地区进一步干旱,水青冈属和淫羊霍属植物随之消失,进而导致其东亚—地中海、西亚间断分布格局的形成。