云南叉科五新种(目:亚目)

本文描述云南省叉科（Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｃａｅｃｉｌｉｉｄａｅ）五新种：其中劳属ＬｏｂｏｃａｅｃｉｌｉｕｓＬｅｅｅｔＴｈｏｒｎｔｏｎ１种;四裂劳Ｌ．ｑｕａｄｒｉｐａｒｔｉｔｕｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ,蛇属Ｏｐｈｉｄｏｄｐｅｏｍａ　Ｅｎｄｅｒｌｅｉｎ１种;波纹蛇Ｏ．Ｆｌｕｃｔｏｓａ　ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ,异属ＨｅｔｅｒｏｃａｅｃｉｌｉｕｓＬｅｅａｎｄＴｈｏｒｎｔｏｎ３种;八斑异Ｈ．ｏｃｔｏｍａｃｕｌａｔｕｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ,景洪异Ｈ．Ｊｉｎｇｈｏｎｇｉｃｕｓ　ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ,乳突异Ｈ．ｐａｐｉｌｌａｔｕｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。     

中国婪步甲属三新种记述：鞘翅目：步甲科

本文记述中国步甲科婪步甲属Ｈａｒｐａｌｕｓ Ｌａｔｒｅｉｌｌｅ新种３个,栖草婪步甲Ｈ．ｈｙｐｏｇｅｎｏｍｙｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,澄江婪步甲Ｈ．ｃｈｅｎｇｊｉａｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,银川婪步甲Ｈ．ｙｉｎｃｈｕａｎｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。     

湿螨属四新种记述及中华湿螨再记述：（蜱螨亚纲：湿螨科）

本文记述湿螨属水螨四种新种：郭氏湿螨Ｈｙｇｒｏｂａｔｅｓ ｇｏｕｓｉ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,贵州湿螨Ｈ．ｇｕｉａｈｏｕｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,墨缘湿螨Ｈ．ａｔｒｏｖｉｒｅｎｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．和兴义湿螨Ｈ．ｘｉｎｙｉｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．．文中扼述了它们与近似种的区别。另外。还对中华湿螨Ｈ．ｓｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ Ｕｃｈｉｄｅ Ｉｍａｍｕｒａ作了再描述。     

云南西藏蝠蛾属四新种：（鳞翅目：蝙蝠蛾科）

本文报道了云南西北部和西藏东南部的高寒草甸中分布的蝠蛾属４新种：剑川蝠蛾Ｈｅｐｉａｌｕｓ ｊｉａｎｃｈｕａｎｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,甲郎蝠蛾Ｈ．ｊｉａａｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．察里蝠蛾Ｈ．ｚａｌｉｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,异翅蝠蛾Ｈｅｐｉａｌｕｓ ａｎｏｍｏｐｔｅｒｕｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．４个新种都是冬虫夏草真菌的寄主昆虫。     

云南西藏蝠蛾属四新种（鳞翅目：蝙蝠蛾科）

本文报道了云南西北部和西藏东南部的高寒草甸中分布的蝠蛾属４新种：剑川蝠蛾Ｈｅｐｉａｌｕｓｊｉａｎｃｈｕａｎｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,甲郎蝠蛾Ｈ．ｊｉａｌａｎｇｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．Ｎｏｖ．,察里蝠蛾Ｈ．ｚａｒｉｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,异翅蝠蛾Ｈｅｐｉａｌｕｓａｎｏｍｏｐｔｅｒｕｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．４个新种都是冬虫夏草真菌的寄主昆虫。     

中国线蚓科的研究Ⅰ.半线蚓属的新种及新记录

本文氡线蚓科（Ｅｎｃｈｙｔｒａｅｉｄａｅ）半线蚓属（Ｈｅｍｉｅｎｃｈｙｔｒａｅｕｓ）４种,其中２种为新种,即扁毛半线蚓（Ｈ．ｐｌａｎｉｓｅｔｏｓｕｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ）和短囊半线蚓（Ｈ．ｂｒａｃｈｙｔｈｅｃｕｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ）。另２种是国内新记录,即史氏半线蚓（Ｈ．ｓｔｅｐｈｅｎｓｏｎｉ）和洛氏半线蚓（Ｈ．ｌｏｋｓａｉ）。     

粉蚧科一新属一新种（同翅目：蚧总科）

本文记述同翅目蚧总科粉蚧科一新属一新种。即异星粉蚧属Ｈｅｔｅｒｏｈｅｌｉｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ ｇｅｎ．ｎｏｖ．,内蒙异星粉蚧Ｈ．ｉｎｎｅｒｍｏｎｇｏｌｉｃｕｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。新种模式标本保存在山西农业大学蚧虫研究中心。     

中国西南地区叶蜂新属种(膜翅目: 叶蜂科)(英文)

本文记述中国西南地区叶蜂２新属１０新种：短跗富槛叶蜂Ｔｏｇａｓｈｉａｂｒｅｖｉｔａｒｓｕｓｇｅｎ．ｅｔｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．，新属新种，模类秋叶蜂Ａｐｅｔｈｙｍｏｒｐｈａｔｙｐｉｃａｇｅｎ．ｅｔｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．，新属新种，西藏弓脉叶蜂Ｈｅｍａｔｈｌｏｐｈｏｒｕｓｔｉｂｅｔａｎｕｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．，红跗长距叶蜂Ｍｉｍａｔｈｌｏｐｈｏｒｕｓｆｕｌｖｉｔａｒｓｕｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．，平盾长距叶蜂Ｍｉｍａｔｈｌｏｐｈｏｒｕｓｐｌａｎｏｓｃｕｔｅｌｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．，邻脉尖唇叶蜂Ｍａｌａｃｈｉｅｌａｉｎｔｅｒｓｔｉｔｉａｌｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．，缢腹平背叶蜂Ａｌａｎｔｕｓａｔｈｌｏｐｈｏｒｏｉｄｅｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．，中华歧爪叶蜂Ｎａｇａｍａｓａｉａｓｉｎｉｃａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．，中华宽颊叶蜂Ａｄｕｎｇｉａｓｉｎｉｃａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．，短角宽颊叶蜂Ａｄｕｎｇｉａｂｒｅｖｉｃｏｒｎｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．，模式标本除注明外均保存于中南林学院环境与资源系昆虫标本室。此外长距叶蜂属ＭｉｍａｔｈｌｏｐｈｏｒｕｓＭａｌａｉｓｅ，歧爪叶蜂属ＮａｇａｍａｓａｉａＴｏｇａｓｈｉ和宽颊叶蜂属ＡｄｕｎｇｉａＭａｌａｉｓｅ为中国新记录属。还建立一新组合：Ｔｏｇａｓｈｉａ     

中国犁沟茧蜂属四新种记述：膜翅目;茧蜂科：软节茧蜂亚科

本文报道犁沟茧蜂属Ａｕｌｏｓａｐｈｅｓ Ｍｕｅｓｅｂｅｃｋ４新种,即中华犁沟茧蜂Ａ．ｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ,福建犁沟茧蜂Ａ;ｆｕｊｉａｎｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,两色犁沟茧蜂Ａ．ｂｉｃｏｌｏｒ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。和缩颊犁沟茧蜂Ａ．ｃｏｎｓｔｒａｃｔｕｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。该属为我国新记录属。所有模式标本保存在浙江农业大学。     

NEW SPECIES OF GENUS MANSONIELLA POPPIUS FROM CHINA (HEMIPTERA: MIRIDAE: BRYOCORINAE)

本文记述了曼盲蝽属ＭａｎｓｏｎｉｅｌａＰｏｐｐｉｕｓ,１９１５的７个新种：环曼盲蝽Ｍ．ａｎｎｕｌａｔａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．;脊曼盲蝽Ｍ．ｃｒｉｓｔａｔａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．;狭长曼盲蝽Ｍ．ｅｌｏｎｇａｔａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．;黄翅曼盲蝽Ｍ．ｆｌａｖａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．;胡桃曼盲蝽Ｍ．ｊｕｇｌａｎｄｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．;瑰环曼盲蝽Ｍ．ｒｏｓａｃｅａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．;赤环曼盲蝽Ｍ．ｒｕｂｉｄａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。提出３个新组合：Ｍ．ｃｉｎｎａｍｏｍｉ（ＺｈｅｎｇｅｔＬｉｕ,１９９２）,ｃｏｍｂ．ｎｏｖ．;Ｍ．ｓａｓａｆｒｉ（ＺｈｅｎｇｅｔＬｉｕ,１９９２）,ｃｏｍｂ．ｎｏｖ．;Ｍ．ｗａｎｇｉ（ＺｈｅｎｇｅｔＬｉ,１９９２）,ｃｏｍｂ．ｎｏｖ．,均由ＰａｃｈｙｐｅｌｔｉｓＳｉｇｎｏｒｅｔ属移入本属,模式标本存放于南开大学生物系昆虫标本室     

Height, trade, and inequality in the Latin American periphery, 1950-2000.

Which variables determine whether a country chooses an open or protected market? It has been argued that economic downturn leads to a higher propensity for protectionism. We find for seven Latin American countries in the second half of the 20th century that declining GDP motivated the opening wave, especially during the 1980s. Moreover, inequality could play a role, either in favor of "opening", as Stolper-Samuelson models would predict, or in favor of closing, as recent empirical studies found that open periods were associated with higher inequality. Using anthropometric indicators, we find that inequality in general tended to motivate "closing", whereas inequality did not stimulate opening.     

松蜕盾蚧等四种蜕盾蚧分类地位的研究（同翅目：盾蚧科）

将松蜕盾蚧Florinia pinicola Maskell接种于盆栽马尾松上饲养,得到大量标本,通过对这些标本的观察研究,结果发现：臀背边缘管腺的大小．数量以及触角的形态等特征变化很大;研究表明松蜕盾蚧F.pinicola、日本蜕盾蚧F.japonica、柏蜕盾蜕F.externa和霜蜕盾蚧F.prulnosa,实际上是同一个种,即松蜕盾蚧F.pinicola。     

Characterization of the laser-induced blue, green and red fluorescence signatures of leaves of wheat and soybean grown under different irradiance

The blue, green and red fluorescence emission of green wheat ( Triticum aestivum L. var. Rector) and soybean leaves ( Glycine max L. var. Maple Arrow) as induced by UV light (nitrogen laser: 337 nm) was determined in a phytochamber and in plants grown in the field. The fluorescence emission spectra show a blue maximum near 450 nm, a green shoulder near 530 nm and the two red chlorophyll fluorescence maxima near 690 and 735 nm. The ratio of blue to red fluorescence, F450/F690, exhibited a clear correlation to the irradiance applied during the growth of the plants. In contrast, the chlorophyll fluorescence ratio, F690/F735, and the ratio of blue to green fluorescence, F450/F530, seem not to be or are only slightly influenced by the irradiance applied during plant growth. The blue fluorescence F450 only slightly decreased, whereas the red chlorophyll fluorescence decreased with increasing irradiance applied during growth of the plants. This, in turn, resulted in greatly increased values of the ratio, F450/F690, from 0.5 – 1.5 to 6.4 – 8.0. The decrease in the chlorophyll fluorescence with increasing irradiance seems to be caused by the accumulation of UV light absorbing substances in the epidermal layer which considerably reduces the UV laser light which passes through the epidermis and excites the chlorophyll fluorescence of the chloroplasts in the subepidermal mesophyll cells.     

秦岭产珠子参叶的达玛烷型皂甙研究(1)

从陕西省秦岭产珠子参(Panax japonicus C.A.Meyer var.major(Burk.)Wu etFeng)的叶中分离到十个新的达玛烷型四环三萜皂甙,经光谱测定和化学降解,其中四个的化学结构分别为珠子参甙(majoroside)F_1(1)、F_2(2)、F_3(3)和F_4(4)。同时,还分离到已知的人参甙(ginsenoside)Rd(5)、Re(6)、Rg_1(7)、Rg_2(8)和F_2(9)。     

DNA sequence analysis of point mutations in traA, the F pilin gene, reveal two domains involved in F-specific bacteriophage attachment

Summary Six missense point mutations in traA (WPFL43,44,45,46,47 and 51), the gene encoding F pilin in the transfer region of the F plasmid, have been characterized for their effect on the transfer ability, bacteriophage (R17, QB and fl) sensitivity and levels of piliation expressed by the plasmid. The sequence analysis of the first five of these mutations revealed two domains in the F pilin subunit exposed on the surface of the F pilus which mediate phage attachment. These two domains include residues 14–17 (approximately) and the last few residues at the carboxy-terminus of the pilin protein. One of these mutants had a pleiotropic affect on pilus function and was thought to have affected pilus assembly. The sixthe point mutant (WPFL51), previously thought to be in traA, was complemented by chimeric plasmids carrying the traG gene of the F transfer region, which may be involved in the acetylation of the pilin subunit. A traA nonsense mutant (JCFL1) carried an amber mutation near the amino-terminus which is well suppressed in SuI⁺ (supD) and SuIII⁺ (supF) strains. Neither the antigenicity of the pilin nor the efficiency of plating of F-specific bacteriophages were affected when this plasmid was harbored by either suppressor strain. A second amber mutant (JCFL25) which is not suppressible, carried its mutation in the codon for the single tryptophan in F pilin, suggesting that this residue is important in subunit interactions during pilus assembly. Two other point mutants (JCFL32 and 44) carried missense mutations in the leader sequence (positions 9 and 13) which affected the number of pili per cell presumably by altering the processing of propilin to pilin.     

隆肛蛙属种群形态量度分析

对隆肛蛙属Feirana中隆肛蛙F.quadrana和太行隆肛蛙F.taihangnicus的15个种群565只标本的28项形态性状进行了测量,并运用典型判别分析法对其进行分析,分析结果表明:1)太行隆肛蛙和隆肛蛙的形态差异明显,形态度量信息支持太行隆肛蛙与隆肛蛙是不同的物种;2)原隆肛蛙河南伏牛山种群和山西中条山种群均为太行隆肛蛙的地理种群;3)隆肛蛙的种群间形态差异明显,其中四川安县种群、陕西周至种群和湖北利川种群与模式产地重庆巫山种群的差异可能达到了亚种或亚种以上分化水平.     

Purification, amino acid sequence and characterization of Bacthuricin F4, a new bacteriocin produced by Bacillus thuringiensis

AIMS: Purification and characterization of a new bacteriocin, Bacthuricin F4 of Bacillus thuringiensis. METHODS AND RESULTS: A newly isolated B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki strain BUPM4, was shown to produce a novel bacteriocin named Bacthuricin F4. The highest bacteriocin activity was found in the growth medium and evidenced in the late exponential growth phase. Bacthuricin F4 could be purified by a two-step procedure: ammonium sulphate precipitation of protein from culture supernatant followed by a reverse phase chromatography. Upon purification, the specific activity was increased 100-fold. This bacteriocin was heat-stable up to 70 degrees C and resisted up to pH 3.0. Bacthuricin F4 was sensitive to proteases demonstrating its proteinaceous nature. Its molecular mass, determined by mass spectrometry was 3160.05 Da. Direct N-terminal sequencing of Bacthuricin F4 revealed the following sequence: DWTXWSXL. The latter was unique in the databases. Bacthuricin F4 was active against Bacillus species while it had little or no effect on Gram-negative bacteria. CONCLUSIONS: A strain BUPM4 of B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki, was shown to produce a new bacteriocin named Bacthuricin F4 of both new molecular mass (3160.05 Da) and new amino acid terminal sequence. This is, to our knowledge, the first bacteriocin exhibiting such characteristics reported to be produced by B. thuringiensis. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The bacteriocin produced by the B. thuringiensis strain BUPM4 respond to both criteria of thermostability and stability to low pHs. Thus, it could be used for the control of the related species of Bacillus harmful for agricultural products.     

Molecular drug targets in myeloproliferative neoplasms: mutant ABL1, JAK2, MPL, KIT, PDGFRA, PDGFRB and FGFR1

Therapeutically validated oncoproteins in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) include BCR-ABL1 and rearranged PDGFR proteins. The latter are products of intra- ( e.g. FIP1L1-PDGFRA) or inter-chromosomal ( e.g. ETV6-PDGFRB ) gene fusions. BCR-ABL1 is associated with chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) and mutant PDGFR with an MPN phenotype characterized by eosinophilia and in addition, in case of FIP1L1-PDGFRA, bone marrow mastocytosis. These genotype-phenotype associations have been effectively exploited in the development of highly accurate diagnostic assays and molecular targeted therapy. It is hoped that the same will happen in other MPN with specific genetic alterations: polycythemia vera ( JAK2 V617F and other JAK2 mutations), essential thrombocythemia ( JAK2 V617F and MPL5 15 mutations), primary myelofibrosis ( JAK2 V617F and MPL515 mutations), systemic mastocytosis ( KIT D816V and other KIT mutations) and stem cell leukaemia/lymphoma ( ZNF198-FGFR1 and other FGFR1 fusion genes). The current review discusses the above-listed mutant molecules in the context of their value as drug targets.     

Nisin F, intraperitoneally injected, may have a stabilizing effect on the bacterial population in the gastro-intestinal tract, as determined in a preliminary study with mice as model

Aims: To determine if nisin F has an effect on the bacterial population in the gastro‐intestinal tract. Methods and Results: Six male C57BL/6 mice were intraperitoneally injected with 200 μl sterile saline and six with nisin F (200 μl, equivalent to 640 arbitrary units). Fecal samples were collected before injection and 8, 24 and 48 h after injection, and the bacteria amplified by PCR‐DGGE using 16S rDNA primers. The composition of the bacterial population in the gastro‐intestinal tract (GIT) of mice that were injected with saline changed during 48 h, whereas the bacterial population in the GIT remained relatively unchanged in animals injected with nisin F. Conclusions: These results suggest that nisin F inhibits the growth of specific bacteria in the GIT within the first 4 h. Furthermore, the species remained repressed for at least 44 h after one intraperitoneal injection with nisin F. Significance and Impact of the Study: This is the first report suggesting that nisin F may have a stabilizing effect on the bacterial population in the gastro‐intestinal tract.