辛香料实物标准样品的研制

介绍了我国辛香料产品标准样品现状。从研制辛香料标准样品的目的、意义和特性等方面入手,指出我国今后辛香料标准样品研制方向和对策。     

基于Qβ噬菌体的甲肝病毒装甲RNA标准参考样品的研制

【背景】目前食品中甲肝病毒分子的检测缺乏安全、稳定的RNA标准参考样品,影响了检测结果的科学性与准确性。【目的】基于Qβ噬菌体装甲RNA技术构建内含甲肝病毒检测靶标的装甲RNA (Hepatitis A virus armored RNA,AR-HAV),并开展初步定值、均匀性、稳定性研究,为HAV分子检测提供标准参考样品。【方法】人工合成包含Qβ噬菌体成熟酶编码基因、衣壳蛋白编码基因、包装位点、HAV检测靶标cDNA序列的核酸片段QGBHAV,并亚克隆到pET-28a(+)中构建重组质粒pET-QGBHAV,转入大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态细胞进行原核表达,利用超速离心、丙烯葡聚糖凝胶层析柱纯化AR-HAV后电镜观察。通过实时荧光RT-PCR对AR-HAV进行初步定值及均匀性和稳定性研究。【结果】SDS-PAGE结果表明重组质粒在大肠杆菌中有约14.1 kD的目的蛋白表达;纯化后的AR-HAV无杂蛋白和残留质粒;电镜下可见结构完整、大小约为25nm的病毒样颗粒;定值结果显示,AR-HAV中检测靶标RNA的含量为(2.57±0.12)×107 copies/μL;均匀性分析结果为F=1.23F0.05 (9,20),证实AR-HAV的均匀性良好;稳定性结果表明,AR-HAV在可37°C保存9 d,25°C保存25 d,4°C保存40 d,-20°C保存180 d,-80°C至少保存360 d。【结论】基于Qβ噬菌体制备的AR-HAV拷贝数高,具有良好的均匀性和稳定性,可为HAV的分子检测提供安全、稳定的标准参考样品。     

基于Qbeta噬菌体装甲RNA技术的诺如病毒RNA标准参考样品的研制

针对目前检测领域缺乏诺如病毒(Norovirus, NoV)核酸标准样品这一瓶颈,基于Qbeta噬菌体装甲RNA技术构建内含GII型NoV检测靶标RNA的病毒样颗粒(virus like particles, VLPs)标准参考样品。     

蛋白水解氨基酸混合标液及校核标准样品的研究与制备

本文阐述了研制氨基酸混合标准液及校核标准样品的必要性,两类产品的配制过程、质量控制、质量保证及对其做出的质量评价。与此同时,对产品的质量标准、国外同类产品的质量现状、具体使用中出现的问题及为此做出的必要改进也做了说明与讨论。     

Lipid and lipid mediator profiling of human synovial fluid in rheumatoid arthritis patients by means of LC–MS/MS

Human synovial fluid (SF) provides nutrition and lubrication to the articular cartilage. Particularly in arthritic diseases, SF is extensively accumulating in the synovial junction. During the last decade lipids have attracted considerable attention as their role in the development and resolution of diseases became increasingly recognized. Here, we describe a capillary LC–MS/MS screening platform that was used for the untargeted screening of lipids present in human SF of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Using this platform we give a detailed overview of the lipids and lipid‐derived mediators present in the SF of RA patients. Almost 70 different lipid components from distinct lipid classes were identified and quantification was achieved for the lysophosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylcholine species. In addition, we describe a targeted LC–MS/MS lipid mediator metabolomics strategy for the detection, identification and quantification of maresin 1, lipoxin A₄ and resolvin D5 in SF from RA patients. Additionally, we present the identification of 5S,12S-diHETE as a major marker of lipoxygenase pathway interactions in the investigated SF samples. These results are the first to provide a comprehensive approach to the identification and profiling of lipids and lipid mediators present in SF and to describe the presence of key anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving lipid mediators identified in SF from RA patients.     

Interaction with membrane mimics of transmembrane fragments 16 and 17 from the human multidrug resistance ABC transporter 1 (hMRP1/ABCC1) and two of their tryptophan variants

The human multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (hMRP1/ABCC1) belongs to the ATP-binding cassette transporter superfamily. Together with P-glycoprotein (ABCB1) and the breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2), hMRP1 confers resistance to a large number of structurally diverse drugs. The current topological model of hMRP1 includes two cytosolic nucleotide-binding domains and 17 putative transmembrane (TM) helices forming three membrane-spanning domains. Mutagenesis and labeling studies have shown TM16 and TM17 to be important for function. We characterized the insertion of the TM16 fragment into dodecylphosphocholine (DPC) or n-dodecyl-β-d-maltoside (DM) micelles as membrane mimics and extended our previous work on TM17 (Vincent et al., 2007, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1768, 538). We synthesized TM16 and TM17, with the Trp residues, W1198 in TM16 and W1246 in TM17, acting as an intrinsic fluorescent probe, and TM16 and TM17 Trp variants, to probe different positions in the peptide sequence. We assessed the interaction of peptides with membrane mimics by evaluating the increase in fluorescence intensity resulting from such interactions. In all micelle-bound peptides, the tryptophan residue appeared to be located, on average, in the head group micelle region, as shown by its fluorescence spectrum. Each tryptophan residue was partially accessible to both acrylamide and the brominated acyl chains of two DM analogs, as shown by fluorescence quenching. Tryptophan fluorescence lifetimes were found to depend on the position of the tryptophan residue in the various peptides, probably reflecting differences in local structures. Far UV CD spectra showed that TM16 contained significant β-strand structures. Together with the high Trp correlation times, the presence of these structures suggests that TM16 self-association may occur at the interface. In conclusion, this experimental study suggests an interfacial location for both TM16 and TM17 in membrane mimics. In terms of overall hMRP1 structure, the experimentally demonstrated amphipathic properties of these TM are consistent with a role in the lining of an at least partly hydrophilic transport pore, as suggested by the currently accepted structural model, the final structure being modified by interaction with other TM helices.