Anti-initiating activity of 3beta-methoxy-13alpha,14alpha-epoxyserratan-21beta-ol (PJJ-34) from the stem bark of Picea jezoensis Carr. var. jezoensis

Ultraviolet light is the major cause of skin cancers in human, and several effects of ultraviolet light B (UVB) are thought to contribute to skin photocarcinogenesis. 3Beta-methoxy-13alpha,14alpha-epoxyserratan-21beta-ol (PJJ-34; 1) isolated from Picea jezoensis Carr. var. jezoensis showed the strongest antitumor-promoting activity among naturally occurring triterpenoids in the in vivo two-stage mouse skin-carcinogenesis test. To investigate the anti-initiating activity, we further studied mouse models initiated with ultraviolet-B (UVB) and promoted with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). Oral administration of the PJJ-34 (1) during a period before and after the three times of UVB irradiation led to a remarkable effect: oral administration of a 0.0025% solution of 1 only to the test group, which started one week before and ended one week after the irradiation, showed less than half papillomas, and inhibition of tumor incidence and tumor multiplicity in comparison to the control group. Therefore, it was recognized that PJJ-34 (1) showed strong anti-initiating activity as well as anti-promoting activity. After all, 1 seems to be useful as cancer-chemopreventive agent.     

Free radical oxidation of coriolic acid (13-(S)-hydroxy-9Z,11E-octadecadienoic acid)

The reaction of (13S,9Z,11E)-13-hydroxy-9,11-octadecadienoic acid (1a), one of the major peroxidation products of linoleic acid and an important physiological mediator, with the Fenton reagent (Fe(2+)/EDTA/H(2)O(2)) was investigated. In phosphate buffer, pH 7.4, the reaction proceeded with >80% substrate consumption after 4h to give a defined pattern of products, the major of which were isolated as methyl esters and were subjected to complete spectral characterization. The less polar product was identified as (9Z,11E)-13-oxo-9,11-octadecadienoate (2) methyl ester (40% yield). Based on 2D NMR analysis the other two major products were formulated as (11E)-9,10-epoxy-13-hydroxy-11-octadecenoate (3) methyl ester (15% yield) and (10E)-9-hydroxy-13-oxo-10-octadecenoate (4) methyl ester (10% yield). Mechanistic experiments, including deuterium labeling, were consistent with a free radical oxidation pathway involving as the primary event H-atom abstraction at C-13, as inferred from loss of the original S configuration in the reaction products. Overall, these results provide the first insight into the products formed by oxidation of 1a with the Fenton reagent, and hint at novel formation pathways of the hydroxyepoxide 3 and hydroxyketone 4 of potential (patho)physiological relevance in settings of oxidative stress.     

Enhanced papilloma formation in response to skin tumor promotion in transgenic mice overexpressing the human ornithine decarboxylase gene.

We have studied the induction of papilloma formation in response to skin tumor promotion in transgenic mice overexpressing the human ornithine decarboxylase gene and in their nontransgenic littermates. The transgenic animals displayed a basal epidermal ornithine decarboxylase activity that was nearly 20 times higher than in their nontransgenic littermates. A single topical application of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate induced a much more profound and longer-lasting increase in transgene-derived ornithine decarboxylase activity in comparison with the endogenous enzyme activity. Initiation of skin tumorigenesis with a single topical application of dimethylbenz[a]antracene followed by twice-weekly application of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate resulted in the appearance of first papillomas both in nontransgenic and transgenic animals by week 7. However, after 11 weeks of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate application, the number of papillomas per animal was almost 100% higher in the transgenic animals than in their nontransgenic littermates. These results indicate that an overexpression of epidermal ornithine decarboxylase confers a growth advantage on skin tumors in vivo.     

Achievement of complete mycological cure by topical antifungal agent NND-502 in guinea pig model of tinea pedis

We examined the therapeutic effect of a 1% cream preparation of NND-502, a novel topical antifungal agent, in a guinea pig tinea pedis model produced by infecting the plantar skin of guinea pigs with Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Animals developing tinea pedis were divided into two groups: an untreated control group and a treated group. In the latter group, after confirming infection had been established, the infected animals were topically treated with the NND-502 cream once daily for one week. The animals were reared in a clean environment free from exposure to exogenous dermatophytes. At one week (5 weeks post-infection), 6 weeks (10 weeks post-infection) and 16 weeks (20 weeks post-infection) after completion of the treatment, plantar skin samples were taken from a certain number of both groups of animals. The results demonstrated that all of the animals in the untreated control group and none of those in the treated group were culture-positive in this animal model of tinea pedis. The topical treatment with NND-502 achieved a mycological cure. Thus NND-502 can be considered a promising candidate as a new anti-dermatophytic agent for topical use.     

Effect of photoperiod length on body mass and testicular growth in the house sparrow (Passer domesticus) and brahminy myna (Sturnus pagodarum)

Two experiments studied the relative effects on body mass and testicular growth of stimulatory photoperiods applied simultaneously to two photosensitive species, the house sparrow (Passer domesticus) and brahminy myna (Sturnus pagodarum). Experiment 1 on the house sparrow consisted of two parts. In experiment 1A, beginning on 24 March 2002, short day pretreated sparrows were exposed for 12 weeks to 13L: 11D (13 h light: 11 h darkness), 20L: 4D and NDL (control). Experiment 1B was similar to 1A except that it used sparrows that were not treated with short days. This experiment was repeated at three different times in the year. Beginning on 29 December 2002 (for 24 weeks), 26 March 2003 (for 12 weeks) and 16 August 2003 (for 8 weeks), sparrows captured from the wild and acclimated to captive condition for 1 week were exposed to 13L: 11D and 20L: 4D. Each time, a group was maintained in NDL and served as the control. Experiment 2 was performed on myna and used an identical protocol. Beginning on 24 March 2002, myna that were captured from the wild and acclimated to captivity conditions were exposed for 16 weeks to 13L: 11D and 20L: 4D; a group was maintained in NDL and served as the control. There was photostimulation and subsequent regression of the testes on all day lengths except in the August group of experiment 1B. The effect on body mass was variable. Interestingly, however, the response to 20L:4D was relatively smaller as compared to 13L:11D. Taken together, these results confirm that the two species use photoperiods in control of their reproductive cycle, and tend to indicate that exposure to unnatural long photoperiods may in fact be unfavorable and could compromise gonadal growth and development.     

Skin graft survival after external beam irradiation.

Difficulties with skin graft ulceration after radiation therapy for cancer have led many to question the suitability of this method of soft-tissue coverage and its cost-effectiveness. The objective of this study was, therefore, to assess skin-graft integrity subjected to postoperative external beam irradiation in a rat model. The model consisted of a rectangular full-thickness skin graft raised and reapplied to its original bed on the dorsum of each rat. Five groups of adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 8 per group) were established. Group A was the control group and was not given postoperative irradiation. Groups B, C, D, and E received postoperative unfractionated cobalt60 irradiation 4 weeks after grafting for a total dose of 15, 20, 25, or 30 Gy, respectively. Weekly skin-graft evaluation was performed for the 4 weeks after irradiation (8 weeks after surgery) by measuring areas of graft loss using computerized planimetry. After the animals were killed, histologic samples were obtained from normal unirradiated skin and from both intact and ulcerated skin-graft sites. Graft loss after irradiation of < or = 20 Gy was similar to that of the unirradiated controls. Occurring as early as 1 week after treatment, a two-fold increase in graft ulceration was observed with doses of > or = 25 Gy (p = 0.0007). Only partial healing of ulcerations was noted by the fourth week after treatment. Histologic changes associated with the irradiation of skin grafts using doses of 25 Gy or higher included hyaline degeneration, fibrinoid necrosis, telangiectasia, and edema. Granulation tissue predominated as a mechanism of healing in areas of graft ulceration. The intensity of inflammatory cell infiltrate did not correlate with radiation dose. The authors concluded that postoperative, unfractionated irradiation can induce skin-graft loss at doses of 25 Gy or higher. Fractionated irradiation or longer intervals between grafting and irradiation may increase skin-graft tolerance; however, further studies are warranted.     

Effect of irradiation on autogenous bone transplantation in rat parietal bone

To determine the appropriate time for bone reconstruction after irradiation, the healing process after autogenous iliac bone transplantation in the irradiated parietal bone was examined by scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy. Bone transplantation was carried out at the second and the fourth weeks after Cobalt-sixty (60Co) irradiation with calculated dose and fractionation. Animals without irradiation were used as control. The results show the appearance of mesenchymal cells and blood vessels around the transplantation to be extremely few one week after transplantation which was carried out at the second week after irradiation. These inhibitions were still seen two weeks after transplantation. Four weeks after transplantation, there were no differences in the bone formation among the experimental groups. Bone formation in the transplantation at the fourth week after irradiation was similar to that of the control group. Microvascularization in the transplantation at the second week after irradiation was inhibited one week after transplantation. The delay in bone healing was responsible for the retardation of revascularization and caused microcirculatory failures as well as the damage of osteogenic cells. It is quite clear that damaged cells and tissues recovered by the elapse of time under the irradiation procedure employed in this study and also that bone formation was carried out in the physiological process. We think that bone transplantation after irradiation should be done after recovery from the radiation damage to the periosteal cells and the blood vessels.     

Immune enhancement in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) by potential probiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus rhamnosus)

The present study assessed the immune enhancement of fish by a lactic acid bacterium (LAB) Lactobacillus rhamnosus (ATCC 53103). The bacterium was administered orally at five different doses 7.9 x 10(4) (LAB4), 2.1 x 10(6) (LAB6), 2.8 x 10(8) (LAB8), 1.9 x 10(10) (LAB10) and 9.7 x 10(10) (LAB11) CFU/g feed to rainbow trout for two weeks and the feed was changed to un-supplemented diet. From the onset of feeding supplemented diets at 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks, blood and mucus samples were taken. During the LAB feeding period L. rhamnosus persisted in the fish intestine and in the tank water in high numbers. However, L. rhamnosus disappeared from the intestine, skin mucus and tank water within one week after the change to the non-supplemented feed. In comparison to untreated control fish, respiratory burst activity of blood cells was raised significantly in the LAB4 treated group on week 2. Serum-mediated killing of Escherichia coli was increased significantly in group LAB6 on week 2. Serum immunoglobulin levels were significantly raised only in LAB8 group on week 1 and in LAB4 and LAB8 at the end of the trial. The results show that rainbow trout immune parameters were enhanced by using probiotic bacteria.     

Attempts to initiate skin tumours in mice in the 2-stage system using 4-chloromethylbiphenyl (4CMB), 4-hydroxymethylbiphenyl (4HMB), and benzyl chloride (BC). Report of the experiment at 10 months

Groups of T.O. mice (Theiler's Original, derived from Swiss albino mice) were treated topically, with a single dose of 1.0 mg of 4CMB, 4HMB, or BC, or with 0.4 mg benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P). Twice-weekly promotion of the treated skin area with croton oil was begun 1 week later. At 10 months the skin-tumour incidence in the positive control (B[a]P) was 8/19, with a mean latent period of 20 weeks. Both 4CMB and 4HMB have so far produced 1 papilloma each (1/36 at 40 weeks, and 1/39 at 34 weeks, respectively), while BC has produced none. Further time is required in order to ascertain whether these single papillomas will develop into carcinomas and thereby herald weak initiating activity for 4CMB and 4HMB.     

不同剂量的X-射线全身照射对小鼠健康状况及涎腺的影响

目的:通过直线加速器全身照射昆明小鼠建立辐射损伤模型,探索不同放射剂量对小鼠健康状况及涎腺功能和结构的影响。方法:选取八种不同剂量对昆明小鼠行体外全身照射,于照射后一个月内观察小鼠生长情况、体重变化;照射后一周、一个月检测各组小鼠血象的变化;测定放射半数致死剂量;照射后两个月,测定各组小鼠的唾液流量及唾液淀粉酶含量,并对下颌下腺组织切片行HE染色。结果:13Gy和15Gy照射组小鼠的体重逐渐下降,一周后死亡,其余组小鼠体重最终呈增加趋势。X-射线全身照射的半数致死量为10Gy。照射后一周,照射组小鼠的白细胞数目明显降低,与对照组比较有明显统计学差异(P0.01);在其他血象方面,除了7Gy组外,其他照射组与对照组比较也均有统计学差异(P0.05)。照射一个月后,各照射组小鼠的血象均恢复正常。照射后两个月,9Gy组和11Gy组小鼠的唾液流量及唾液淀粉酶含量均显著低于0Gy组,且11Gy组较9Gy组亦明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。随照射剂量的增加,小鼠的下颌下腺腺泡细胞数目逐步减少,结构排列紊乱,组织损伤逐渐加重。结论:X-射线全身照射引起小鼠健康状况受损,免疫功能减低,损伤程度与放射线强度呈剂量依赖性,小鼠半数致死量为10Gy,该剂量适合建立全身放射损伤模型。     

皮肤光损伤肿瘤模型的建立

目的模拟人皮肤肿瘤形成的自然环境因素,建立光损伤小鼠皮肤肿瘤模型。方法采用完全随机的两因素析因设计。选择对光线敏感的BALB／c小鼠,背部皮肤脱毛后UVC照射（56mJ／cm2）,隔天1次,8周结束;二甲基苯蒽／丙酮液（100μg／200μL）外涂,每周1次,共7周,12周后处死。连续测量并记录小鼠背部肿瘤数量和直径,描绘时间一荷瘤数动态变化图;皮肤组织病理学观察肿瘤形成的组织细胞形态学改变。结果单纯UVC照射组无肿瘤出现;UVC＋DMBA模型组小鼠6周后背部开始出现肉眼可见的瘤体,第9周荷瘤率达到100％,11、12周荷瘤数渐趋稳定,肿瘤体积有增大趋势,平均荷瘤数为（4．57±3．0）个,肿瘤平均体积为（44．91±4．6）mm。。HE染色、瑞氏染色、基底膜带染色均显示为早期皮肤鳞状细胞癌。而单纯DMBA组荷瘤数第8．5周达高峰,后呈下降趋势,肿瘤自然消退率高,数量不稳定。结论DMBA是皮肤肿瘤建模的主要因素,但停止该处理因素后荷瘤数量呈下降趋势;UVC作为一个独立因素,在12周内未能诱导出皮肤肿瘤,但UVC与DMBA联合应用具有交互协同作用,可较快速地建立皮肤肿瘤模型。该模型具有出瘤率高,出瘤整齐,荷瘤量多,除去处理因素后瘤体数量依旧稳定,且体积有增大趋势等特点,为皮肤肿瘤的防治研究提供有价值的实验工具。     

Optimization of the sex pheromone of the rice leaffolder moth Cnaphalocrocis medinalis as a monitoring tool in China

The crude extract from Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) has been identified to be (Z)‐11‐octadecenal (Z11‐18:Ald), (Z)‐13‐octadecenal (Z13‐18:Ald), (Z)‐11‐octadecen‐1‐ol (Z11‐18:OH) and (Z)‐13‐octadecen‐1‐ol (Z13‐18:OH) in the GC‐MS, confirming the results reported previously in Japan. Field evaluation in China showed that the optimal blend is Z11‐18:Ald, Z13‐18:Ald, Z11‐18:OH and Z13‐18:OH at a ratio of 3 : 25 : 3 : 3. The optimal dosage is 500 μg Z13‐18:Ald per PVC tubing lure. In August, trap catches were highest between 3:00 and 4:00 a.m., and no moths were caught before 12:00 a.m. or after 6:00 a.m. The impact of trap design and trap height placement was also evaluated in the paddy field. The sticky wing trap was better than the water pan trap. The number of moths captured by the electric grid trap was 1.7 times greater than caught by the sticky wing trap. The optimal trap height was 20 cm below the top of the rice plants (80 cm high). Pheromone lure formulated from 60 μg Z11‐18:Ald, 500 μg Z13‐18:Ald, 60 μg Z11‐18:OH and 60 μg Z13‐18:OH was effective for population monitoring in trial sites in Zhejiang, Shanghai, Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Guangxi, Guizhou, Chongqing and Hainan Provinces, encompassing both subtropical and temperate regions. Use of this synthetic pheromone blend provides a promising alternative to the currently used disturb and count method (DCM) for monitoring the population of C. medinalis in China.     

Protective effect of Fucoxanthin against UVB-induced skin photoaging in hairless mice

Fucoxanthin, a major carotenoid in brown algae, has various beneficial effects. In this study, we evaluated the effect of topical fucoxanthin on UVB-induced skin photoaging in hairless mice. The dorsal skins were treated topically with a 0.001% fucoxanthin solution 2 h each time before UVB irradiation (5 times a week) for 10 weeks. The formation of wrinkles in UVB-irradiated skin treated with vehicle alone significantly increased, as compared with the non-irradiated control. Treatment with fucoxanthin tended to suppress UVB-induced wrinkle formation, but there was no significant difference between wrinkle formation in the control group and the fucoxanthin treatment group. However, topical treatment with fucoxanthin significantly lessened UVB-induced epidermal hypertrophy, VEGF, and MMP-13 expression in the epidermis and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in the skin. These results indicate that topical treatment with fucoxanthin prevents skin photoaging in UVB-irradiated hairless mice, possibly via antioxidant and antiangiogenic effects.     

Pro/antioxidant Status in Murine Skin Following Topical Exposure to Cumene Hydroperoxide Throughout the Ontogeny of Skin Cancer

Organic peroxides used in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries have a reputation for being potent skin tumor promoters and inducers of epidermal hyperplasia. Their ability to trigger free radical generation is critical for their carcinogenic properties. Short-term in vivo exposure of mouse skin to cumene hydroperoxide (Cum-OOH) causes severe oxidative stress and formation of spin-trapped radical adducts. The present study was designed to determine the effectiveness of Cum-OOH compared to 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in the induction of tumor promotion in the mouse skin, to identify the involvement of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in oxidative metabolism of Cum-OOH in keratinocytes, and to evaluate morphological changes and outcomes of oxidative stress in skin of SENCAR mice throughout a two-stage carcinogenesis protocol. Dimethyl-benz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-initiated mice were treated with Cum-OOH (32.8 micro mol) or TPA (8.5 nmol) twice weekly for 20 weeks to promote papilloma formation. Skin carcinoma formed only in DMBA/Cum-OOH-exposed mice. Higher levels of oxidative stress and inflammation (as indicated by the accumulation of peroxidative products, antioxidant depletion, and edema formation) were evident in the DMBA/Cum-OOH group compared to DMBA/TPA treated mice. Exposure of keratinocytes (HaCaT) to Cum-OOH for 18 h resulted in expression of COX-2 and increased levels of PGE(2). Inhibitors of COX-2 efficiently suppressed oxidative stress and enzyme expression in the cells treated with Cum-OOH. These results suggest that COX-2-dependent oxidative metabolism is at least partially involved in Cum-OOH-induced inflammatory responses and thus tumor promotion.     

Taurine depletion increases phosphorylation of a specific protein in the rat retina

Summary Partial depletion of the taurine content in the rat retina was accomplished for up to 22 weeks by introduction of 1.5% guanidinoethanesulfonate (GES) in the drinking water. Taurine levels decreased by 50% after 1 week of GES treatment and by 80% at 16 weeks. Replacement of GES by taurine to the GES-treated rats from week 16 to 22 returned their taurine content to the control value. Whereas addition of taurine (1.5%) to the drinking water of control rats from week 16 to 22 elevated the retinal taurine content to 118% of the control value, the administration of untreated water to GES-treated animals for the 16 to 22 week time period increased the retinal taurine content to only 76% of the control value.The amplitude of the electroretinogram (ERG) b-wave was decreased by 60% after GES-treatment for 16 weeks and maintained this reduced level for up to 22 weeks. Administration of taurine in the drinking water from week 16 to 22 returned the b-wave amplitude to a range not statistically different from the control values whereas the administration of untreated water produced less improvement.After 6 weeks of GES treatment when the retinal taurine content was reduced by 70% and the amplitude of the b-wave was reduced by 50% (extrapolated from Figure 1), phosphorylation of a specific protein with an approximate molecular weight of 20K was increased by 94%. The increased phosphorylation of the ~20K protein observed after GES treatment was reversed when the animals were treated with taurine (1 1/2%) in the drinking water for an additional 6 weeks. There was no change in the phosphorylation of the ~20K protein when animals were treated with taurine for 6 weeks. The data obtained support the theory that taurine may have a regulatory effect on retinal protein phosphorylation.     

丁苯酞对哮喘小鼠气道黏液高分泌及IL-13、TNF-α的影响*

目的: 研究丁苯酞对哮喘小鼠气道黏液高分泌及白介素-13(IL-13)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的影响。方法: 小鼠随机分为空白对照组、模型对照组、阳性对照组和丁苯酞高、中、低剂量(100、50、25 mg/kg)组(n=12)。实验第1日、8日、15日通过注射卵清白蛋白(OVA)致敏,第22日吸入OVA连续激发5周复制哮喘模型,同时在激发前给予丁苯酞20 mg/kg进行干预,观测哮喘行为学、气道杯状细胞及黏蛋白5ac(Muc5ac)的分泌,测定支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)粘度,采用ELISA法测定BALF中Muc5ac、IL-13及TNF-α的水平。结果: 与空白对照组比较,模型对照组小鼠打喷嚏、抓鼻及哮喘的程度显著加重(P＜0.01),小鼠气道上皮杯状细胞增生及Muc5ac的分泌显著增加(P＜0.01),BALF的粘度及其中的Muc5ac、IL-13和TNF-α的含量显著升高(P＜0.01);与模型对照组比较,25、50、100 mg/kg丁苯酞干预后哮喘行为学评分明显下降(P＜0.01);小鼠气道上皮杯状细胞增生、Muc5ac的分泌、BALF的粘度及其中的Muc5ac、IL-13和TNF-α的含量均明显降低(P＜0.05, 0.01)。结论: 丁苯酞具有抑制哮喘气道黏液高分泌而平喘的作用,缓解IL-13、TNF-α异常高表达是其抑制气道黏液高分泌的作用机制之一。     

Eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection equally improves chronic urticaria with positive and negative autologous serum skin test

BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to examine effects of Helicobacter pylori eradication on chronic idiopathic urticaria (CU) with and without positive aulogous serum skin test (ASST). METHODS: Seventy-eight patients with CU were checked for the positivity ASST and H. pylori urea (13)C-urea breath test ((13)C-UBT). Twenty-one patients were with both positive ASST and positive (13)C-UBT (group A), and 24 patients were with negative ASST and positive (13)C-UBT (group B). All patients with positive (13)C-UBT received a 14-day, open treatment with amoxicillin 1 g b.i.d., clarithromycin 500 mg b.i.d., and omeprazole 20 mg b.i.d. H. pylori eradication was assessed by a second (13)C-UBT after 8 weeks. In control group, 33 patients with CU were included. The effect of H. pylori eradication on CU was evaluated by urticaria activity score (UAS), measured at study entry and at 8 and 16 weeks. RESULTS: At week 8, baseline UAS reduced from 4.7 +/- 1.1 to 2.4 +/- 1.4 (p = .027) in group A and from 4.3 +/- 1.5 to 2.3 +/- 1.2 (p = .008) in group B, without statistically significant difference between the two groups. In control group and in six patients with H. pylori eradication failure, no changes of UAS were noted. CONCLUSION: Eradication of H. pylori infection by triple therapy significantly and equally reduces UAS in CU patients with positive and negative ASST.     

电针神经刺激疗法联合盆底肌训练对早期宫颈癌广泛性全子宫切除术后患者尿潴留、膀胱功能和免疫功能的影响

摘要 目的：观察电针神经刺激疗法联合盆底肌训练在早期宫颈癌广泛性全子宫切除术后康复中的应用价值。方法：前瞻性收集我院2020年3月~2021年10月期间收治的早期宫颈癌广泛性全子宫切除术患者98例,采用随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组各49例,对照组患者指导其进行盆底肌训练,研究组患者则在盆底肌训练的基础上加以电针神经刺激疗法,对比两组尿潴留发生率以及膀胱功能、免疫功能、盆底功能恢复情况。结果：术后13周时评估结果显示,研究组的盆底肌综合肌力测定正常率高于对照组（P<0.05）。两组术后13周时初始尿意膀胱容量（FVS）、最大尿流率（MFR）、最大尿意膀胱容量（MVS）均较术后1周时升高,残余尿量（PVR）均较术后1周时下降,且研究组术后13周时FVS、MFR、MVS高于对照组,PVR低于对照组（P<0.05）。两组术后13周时血清免疫球蛋白A（IgA）、免疫球蛋白G（IgG）、免疫球蛋白M（IgM）、外周血T淋巴细胞CD3⁺、CD4⁺/CD8⁺均较术后1周时升高,且研究组高于对照组（P<0.05）。研究组尿潴留发生率4.08%（2/49）低于对照组22.45%（11/49）,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：电针神经刺激疗法联合盆底肌训练可减少早期宫颈癌广泛性全子宫切除术后患者尿潴留的发生率,改善患者的盆底功能和膀胱功能,促进免疫功能恢复,效果较好。     

TPA stimulation culture for improved detection of t(11;14)(q13;q32) in mantle cell lymphoma

Cytogenetic analysis of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), characterized by the presence of t(11;14)(q13;q32) translocation, is often difficult because of the low proliferating rate of MCL cells and the presence of normal cells in bone marrow which may interfere with growth of MCL cells. We describe herein a TPA (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate) stimulated culture to improve detection of t(11;14)(q13;q32) in 20 MCL patients regardless of the samples used.     

Acid-catalyzed transformation of 13(S)-hydroperoxylinoleic acid into epoxyhydroxyoctadecenoic and trihydroxyoctadecenoic acids

Acid treatment of (13S)-(9Z,11E)-13-hydroperoxy-9,11-octadecadienoic acid in tetrahydrofuran-water solvent afforded mainly (11R,12R,13S)-(Z)-12,13-epoxy-11-hydroxy-9-octadecenoic acid, diastereomeric (Z)-11,12,13-trihydroxy-9-octadecenoic acids and four isomers of (E)-9,12,13(9,10,13)-trihydroxy-10(11)-octadecenoic acid. Other minor products were oxooctadecadienoic, (E)-9(13)-hydroxy-13(9)-oxo-10(11)-octadecenoic and (E)-12-oxo-10-dodecenoic acids. A heterolytic mechanism for acid catalysis was indicated, even though most of the products characterized also have been observed as a result of homolytic decomposition of the hydroperoxide via an oxy radical. Most of the products found in this study have been observed as metabolites of (13S)-(9Z,11E)-13-hydroperoxy-9,11-octadecadenoic acid in biological systems, and analogous compounds have been reported as metabolites of (12S)-(5Z,8Z,10E, 14Z)-12-hydroperoxy-5,8,10,14-hydroperoxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic acid in either blood platelets or lung tissue.