Induction of Enzymes and Phenolic Compounds Related to the Natural Defence Response of Netted Melon Fruit by a Bio-elicitor

Fungal disease in netted melon fruit is an important factor affecting their postharvest quality and therefore an important cause of large economic losses around the world. Among the alternatives to control fungal diseases, the induction of the natural defence response (NDR) in fruits is promising. The objective of this study was to induce the NDR in netted melon treated with a bio-elicitor formulated from Fusarium oxysporum growth in a potato dextrose agar enriched with netted melon skin. Netted melon fruits (cv 'Primo') were not treated (C), untreated and inoculated with F. oxysporum (IN), treated with a bio-elicitor (FES), or treated with the bio-elicitor and inoculated (FES + IN). After treatments, fruits were stored for 8 days at 20°C with 90–92% relative humidity. Melon was sampled every 2 days at 20°C to evaluate the development of Fusarium rot symptoms as disease index percentage (DI), changes in phenolic compounds, changes in phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity, chitinase activity (ChA) and β-1,3-glucanase activity (GA). It was found that DI in netted melon fruit was significantly reduced in the FES + IN as compared with the IN treatment. FES + IN and FES treatments showed the highest increase of phenolic acids. Higher levels of PAL activity were observed in the treatments IN, FES, and FES + IN with respect to C, after 4 days of storage. A large increase in ChA activity was observed in the treatments IN, FES and FES + IN after 6 days of storage. No differences in GA activity were found among FES, FES + IN and C treatments throughout storage. IN treatment showed the highest increase in GA activity after 4 days of storage. It is concluded that the bio-elicitor activates the NDR as measured by the increase in phenolic acids synthesis, PAL and ChA enzymes activity, in a similar way as the infection by the living pathogen.     

Study of pectin esterase and changes in pectin methylation during normal and abnormal peach ripening

Peach fruit ( Prunus persica cv. Hermosa) were allowed to ripen immediately after harvest or after 30 days of 0°C storage. The fruits lost 75–80% of their firmness after 5 days at 20°C. During ripening after harvest there was a loss of both uronic acid and methyl groups from the cell wall. Cell wall labelling with JIM 7, a monoclonal antibody which recognized pectins with a high degree of methylation, was lower in ripe fruits than in freshly harvested fruits. However, ripe fruit cell walls did not cross-react with JIM 5, which recognizes pectins with low methylation. During storage, de-methylation occurred and in fruit ripened after storage there was little further change in pectin methylation or pectin content in the cell walls. The labelling of stored or stored plus ripened cell walls with JIM 7 was similar, but the cell walls of fruit ripened after storage showed some low cross-reactivity with JIM 5. The in vitro activity and mRNA abundance of pectin esterase (EC 3.1.1.11) was not correlated with the amount of de-esterification as measured chemically or by immuno-labelling in the cell walls. Eighty percent of the fruits which ripened after storage developed a woolly texture. It is suggested that woolliness is due to de-esterification of pectins, not accompanied by depolymerization, which leads to the formation of a gel-like structure in the cell wall.     

温度和气体成分对冬枣果实贮藏期间品质的影响

主要探讨冬枣(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.cv Dongzao)在-1℃的动态气调(CA-Ⅰ,70%O2 0%CO2处理7天,然后转入5%O2 0%CO2中)、普通气调(CA-Ⅱ,5%O2 0%CO2;CA-Ⅲ,10%O2 0%CO2)及普通冷藏和常温(25℃)等条件下,果实发病率、色素、可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、乙醇和乙酸乙酯含量等的变化.结果表明:与普通冷藏相比,气调贮藏能减缓果实的腐烂,抑制色素的分解和减少果肉中乙醇、乙酸乙酯的含量.动态高氧处理能有效地保持果实的颜色,抑制色素降解及果皮褐变.CA-Ⅲ(10%O2 0%CO2)能有效地减少果肉乙醇的含量而CA-Ⅱ(5%O2 0%CO2)能有效地减少果肉乙酸乙酯的含量.气调贮藏的果实可滴定酸及可溶性固形物含量与其他处理的果实没有明显的差异.     

Cloning of cDNAs encoding cell-wall hydrolases from pear (Pyrus communis) fruit and their involvement in fruit softening and development of melting texture

'La France' pear ( Pyrus communis L.) fruit stored at 1°C for 1 month (short-term storage) before transfer to 20°C softened and developed a melting texture during ripening, whereas fruit stored for 5 months (long-term storage) before transfer to 20°C softened but did not develop a melting texture. To clarify the mechanisms involved in fruit softening and textural changes, the cDNAs encoding cell-wall hydrolases were isolated by RT-PCR, and their expression and localization were investigated in 'La France' pears. Genes encoding three polygalacturonases (PG; EC 3.2.1.15), four pectin methylesterases (PME; EC 3.1.1.11), one α -arabinofuranosidase (ARF; EC 3.2.1.55), three β -galactosidases (GAL; EC 3.2.1.23), and two endo-1,4- β - d -glucanases (Cel; EC 3.2.1.4) were isolated. Among these 13 isolated genes, PcPG1 was the only gene for which the mRNA expression levels increased in both the short- and long-term stored fruits. This suggested that PcPG1 is involved in fruit softening rather than in the development of the melting texture. In contrast, the expression levels of PcPG3 , PcPME1 , PcPME2 , PcPME3 , PcGAL1 , PcGAL2 , and PcCel2 increased during ripening only in the short-term stored fruit. These genes might thus be involved in the development of the melting texture.     

Possible Mechanism of the Detached Unripe Green Tomato Fruit Turning Red

In general, a mature green tomato will ripen and turn red on the vine or off the vine. Interestingly, an unripe green (UG) tomato also will turn red after being detached from the plant, but the mechanism behind this is unclear. Our study showed that detached UG fruits were able to become red-ripened at the room temperature (25?°C), although fruit quality was lower than that of the vine-ripened fruit. In addition, detached UG fruits exposed to light accumulated more lycopene and total soluble sugars than those incubated in darkness. When the detached UG fruits were stored at a low temperature (10?°C), the fruit-ripening process was nearly blocked, which displayed a non-ripening phenotype. At a high temperature (35?°C), the detached UG fruit showed a yellow-color on ripening, and fruit qualities such as lycopene and soluble sugars were obviously lower than those stored at 25?°C. Moreover, detaching the UG fruit from the plant evoked a rapid increase in total respiration as well as alternative pathway respiration, but ethylene production was not stimulated during the first 24 h of storage. Importantly, the application of nPG, an inhibitor of alternative pathway respiration, markedly suppressed the wound-induced rise in total respiration and delayed the ripening of detached UG fruit. These findings imply that wound-induced respiration might be a signature for launching the onset of the ripening of detached UG fruit, and the optimal conditions of light and temperature are beneficial for the color change and the ripening processes.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">PpVIN2</Emphasis>, an acid invertase gene family member,is sensitive to chilling temperature and affects sucrose metabolism in postharvest peach fruit

We previously reported that expression and activity of acid invertases (AI) are increased in peach fruit under chilling stress. In order to determine which AI genes respond to chilling stress, seven AI genes, two vacuolar invertases (VINs) and five cell wall-bound invertases (CWINs), were identified and cloned. The predicted amino acid sequences of the genes contain conserved sites characteristic of plant AIs such as NDPNG/A, the sucrose-binding site, and MWECV/P, a cysteine catalytic motif. Using gene-specific primers, the expression of each gene was measured in ‘Baifeng’ and ‘Yulu’ peach fruits stored at 0, 5, 10 and 20 °C. Of the seven genes, expression of PpVIN2 was the most affected by chilling stress; the largest increases were in fruit stored at 5 °C, up to 17-fold in ‘Baifeng’ fruit, and up to 280-fold in ‘Yulu’ fruit. Overall, VIN activity was much higher than CWIN activity in stored peach fruit. In both cultivars reducing sugar content increased significantly and sucrose content decreased gradually during storage at 5 °C relative to other temperatures, and was accompanied by severe chilling injury symptoms. Thus, PpVIN2 appears to be induced by chilling and may play an important role in sucrose metabolism in peach fruit subjected to cold storage.     

Storage of Tomatoes in Low Oxygen Atmospheres Inhibits Ethylene Action and Polygalacturonase Activity

The effect of low concentrations of O₂ (1%) with or without the application of exogenous ethylene (10 l/l) on the production of endogenous ethylene, the activity of polygalacturonase (PG), and the ripening of tomato fruits during storage for three weeks at 20°C and four weeks at 10°C, followed by one week under ambient conditions (25°C) was studied. The internal ethylene concentration in the fruits stored under low O₂ at 10 or 20°C was low during storage and increased only when fruits were transferred to ambient conditions. The application of exogenous ethylene to fruits stored under low O₂ at 10 or 20°C did not induce autocatalytic ethylene synthesis. By contrast, the internal ethylene concentration of fruits stored in air was high at 20°C and somewhat lower at 10°C. Under low O₂ conditions, PG activity was low and the fruits remained firm and green throughout storage, whereas, during storage in the air, PG activity increased and the fruits softened and developed their characteristic red color.     

Changes in carotenoid and chlorophyll content of black tomatoes (Lycopersicone sculentum L.) during storage at various temperatures

Black tomatoes have a unique color and higher lycopene content than typical red tomatoes. Here, black tomatoes were investigated how maturation stage and storage temperature affected carotenoid and chlorophyll accumulation. Immature fruits were firmer than mature fruits, but failed to develop their distinctive color and contained less lycopene when stored at 8 °C. Hunter a^* values of black tomatoes increased with storage temperature and duration; storage of immature fruits at high temperature favored lycopene accumulation. Chlorophyll levels of black tomatoes declined during storage, but differences between mature and immature tomatoes stored at 12 °C were minimal. β-Carotene levels of black tomatoes increased during early storage, but rapidly declined beginning 13 d post-harvest. The highest lycopene and chlorophyll levels were observed in mature black tomatoes stored at 12 °C for 13 d; these conditions also yielded the best quality fruit. Thus, the unique pigmentation properties of black tomatoes can be precisely controlled by standardizing storage conditions.     

Sorting of an exocrine secretory protein to the regulated secretory pathway in endocrine cells

The effect of exogenous polyamines on electrolyte leakage, chilling index, polygalacturonase activity (PG), ethylene production, and firmness in zucchini squash fruits stored for 12 days at 2 degrees C or 10 degrees C, 85-90% RH was evaluated. Fruits were infiltrated with putrescine (PUT) spermidine (SPD) and spermine (SPM) at 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 2.0, and 4.0 mM. All polyamines exerted a protective effect on cell and organelle membranes. The most effective was SPD, which reduced electrolyte leakage between 62% and 82%, compared to control fruits stored at 2 degrees C. At 10 degrees C they did not exhibit chilling injury (CI) symptoms, while at 2 degrees C SPM (0.5 mM) and SPD (0.5 mM) diminished them 92% and 100%, respectively; which extended storage life for 8-10 days at 2 degrees C. High concentrations of polyamines (>2.0 mM) caused the appearance of CI symptoms. PG activity diminished proportionally to the concentration of polyamine except for the concentration at 4.0 mM. No significant changes were observed in ethylene production.     

Sexual compatibility between two types of Hylocerus (Cactaceae)

There are two types of pitahaya that are cultivated in Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico. They differ mainly in the skin color of the fruit, one of them has a red skin (Uqroo1), while the other has a light yellow skin (Uqroo2) both belong to Hylocereus undatus (Haworth) Britt. & Rose. The yellow skin pitahaya is the sweetest. The studies were conducted using the methods of self pollination and cross pollination, with direct crosses and reciprocal pollination in order to evaluate the effect related to the quantity of fruits that accomplish their growing process. Some characteristic parameters of fruits, thus obtained, were used to detect the possible xenic effect. The control samples were collected from naturally pollinated flowers. The experimental design used was completely random and the experiment was repeated fifteen times. The results revealed that the Uqroo1 turned out to be self-compatible, and their fruits reached one hundred percent of development. On the other hand, Uqroo2 was self-incompatible, that is, it did not accept self pollen. The control samples of both types reached the same weight, and the fruits of the Uqroo2 produced by cross pollination had the same or more weight than the control samples. Several parameters were positively correlated. The coefficient between the number of seeds and the fruit weight was r = 0.84. The highest correlation that was found (r = 0.97) in the fruit weight and the pulp weight within both types. The fruits obtained by cross-pollination maintained the characteristic of the female progenitor. It is suggest intercalate the yellow pitahaya plants with another types or species of pitahaya, other than the Uqroo1.     

Responses of reactive oxygen metabolism and quality in mango fruit to exogenous oxalic acid or salicylic acid under chilling temperature stress

After being immersed in water, oxalic acid (OA) or salicylic acid (SA) aqueous solutions, mango ( Mangifera indica L. cv. Zill) fruit were stored at 14°C or at 5°C with shelf life to determine the effects of exogenous OA or SA on reactive oxygen metabolism, quality and chilling injury (CI) of the fruit. Mango CI could be reduced by OA and SA treatments. Compared with that in control, accompanied with alleviated CI at shelf life, fruit treated with OA or SA had significantly higher reduction states of ascorbate and glutathione. Moreover, the treated fruit showed lower superoxide anion content, higher hydrogen peroxide content, lower lipoxygenase (EC 1.13.11.12) activity and higher activities of superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1), catalase (EC 1.11.1.6), guaiacol peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.7), ascorbate peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.11) and glutathione reductase (EC 1.6.4.2). In addition, fruit firmness, total soluble solids and titratable acidity content were not obviously affected by OA and SA treatments. It was suggested that the effect of OA or SA on mango CI probably attributed to more reducing status of ascorbate and glutathione, less O₂⁻ accumulation and more H₂O₂ accumulation.     

Polyamine content and chilling susceptibility are affected by seasonal changes in temperature and by conditioning temperature in cold-stored 'Fortune' mandarin fruit

‘Fortune’ mandarins are prone to develop pitting and necrosis upon exposure to low temperatures. We have examined the effect of field temperature during fruit maturation and the effect of conditioning temperatures (from 2 to 37°C) prior to cold storage on the content of polyamines (PAs) and on chilling susceptibility in order to understand the role of PAs in maturation and chilling tolerance of this citrus cultivar. Chilling susceptibility and the content of PAs were more affected by seasonal changes in field temperature than by the stage of fruit maturity. The highest putrescine (Put) and spermidine (Spd) content was found in fruits exposed to the lowest field temperatures. These fruits were in turn more susceptible to develop chilling injury (CI) after storage at 2°C. Spermine (Spm), however, decreased in attached fruit with time of exposure to temperatures below 12°C. Temperature pretreatments for 3 days above 20°C of fruits detached from the tree reduced CI, the more so the higher the conditioning temperature. Put and Spd increased with temperature conditioning in detached fruits, differing from the response of fruits attached to the tree. No direct relationship between induced levels of these PAs and the tolerance to CI was found. Levels of Put and Spd increased at temperatures (22, 30 and 37°C) which increased the tolerance and also at temperatures (6 and 12°C) which accelerated the appearance of chilling symptoms. In contrast, a significant increase in Spm levels was only found after conditioning at 30 or 37°C. After cold storage a general decline in PA levels occurred in all temperature‐conditioned mandarins. In most cases no significant differences among fruit exposed to effective and non‐effective pretreatments were observed. PA content increased again after transferring cold‐stored fruits to 20°C, whereas the CI index was barely affected. In conclusion, PA changes in the flavedo of ‘Fortune’ mandarins appear to be related to variations in temperature rather than to stage of maturity or tolerance to chilling.     

Effect of fruit type and storage treatments on the biodeterioration of African pear (Dacryodes edulis (G. Don.) H. J. Lam.)

The storage potential of the African pear (Dacryodes edulis (G. Don.) H. J. Lam.) (Burseraceae) was investigated using four fruit types. At ambient temperatures (28·5–30°C), those enclosed in either paper or polythene bags could be stored satisfactorily for 3–8 days, after which they deteriorated rapidly. Storage life was increased at lower temperatures, but injury due to chilling was observed at −5°C. At 15°C, fruits dipped in palm oil before being packaged were of better quality and retained their firmness longer than fruits dipped in a 500 ppm benlate solution. Storage in moist sawdust, wood-shavings or water were the least effective in extending shelf-life. Variation among fruit types in their response to storage treatment was observed.     

Effects of paclobutrazol and chilling temperatures on lipids, antioxidants and ATPase activity of plasma membrane isolated from green bell pepper fruits

The effects of paclobutrazol treatment on plasma membrane lipid composition and ATPase activity of bell pepper fruit ( Capsicum annuum ) subjected to chilling temperatures were assessed. Application of the growth regulator paclobutrazol affected plant growth and fruit morphology. The plants were more compact and the fruits were less elongated than control fruits. There was about 60% more plasma membrane on a fresh weight basis from treated fruits. At harvest there was no difference in sterol to phospholipid ratio, or in phospholipid fatty acid composition of control compared with paclobutrazol treated fruit. However, plasma membrane ATPase acitivity of treated fruit was two times higher than that of control fruit. After storage at chilling temperature (2°C), the control fruit developed more chilling iniury, and had greater weight loss and a higher rate of K⁺ leakage than paclobulrazol treated fruit. Plasma membrane phospholipid content decreased and saturation of phospholipid fatty acids was higher than in control fruit. These two changes were largely absent in plasma membrane from treated fruit. At harvest antioxidant levels in the plasma membrane of paclobutrazol treated peppers were higher than in those of controls and changed little during storage, whereas levels in control fruit plasma membrane decreased 66%. ATPase activity increased and then decreased in control fruit held at low temperature, whereas in treated fruit activity was constant. The protective effect of paclobutrazol against chilling injury of pepper fruit may result from a combination of its effect on fruit morphology, and protection of the lipids against oxidative stress.     

Deciphering the metabolic pathways influencing heat and cold responses during post‐harvest physiology of peach fruit

Peaches are highly perishable and deteriorate quickly at ambient temperature. Cold storage is commonly used to prevent fruit decay; however, it affects fruit quality causing physiological disorders collectively termed ‘chilling injury’ (CI). To prevent or ameliorate CI, heat treatment is often applied prior to cold storage. In the present work, metabolic profiling was performed to determine the metabolic dynamics associated with the induction of acquired CI tolerance in response to heat shock. ‘Dixiland’ peach fruits exposed to 39 °C, cold stored, or after a combined treatment of heat and cold, were compared with fruits ripening at 20 °C. Dramatic changes in the levels of compatible solutes such as galactinol and raffinose were observed, while amino acid precursors of the phenylpropanoid pathway were also modified due to the stress treatments, as was the polyamine putrescine. The observed responses towards temperature stress in peaches are composed of both common and specific response mechanisms to heat and cold, but also of more general adaptive responses that confer strategic advantages in adverse conditions such as biotic stresses. The identification of such key metabolites, which prime the fruit to cope with different stress situations, will likely greatly accelerate the design and the improvement of plant breeding programs.     

Response of Tomato Sugar and Acid Metabolism and Fruit Quality under Different High Temperature and Relative Humidity Conditions

The combined stress of high temperature and high relative air humidity is one of the most serious agrometeorological disasters that restricts the production capacity of protected agriculture. However, there is little information about the precise interaction between them on tomato fruit quality. The objectives of this study were to explore the effects of the combined stress of high temperature and relative humidity on the sugar and acid metabolism and fruit quality of tomato fruits, and to determine the best relative air humidity for fruit quality under high temperature environments. Four temperature treatments (32°C, 35°C, 38°C, 41°C), three relative air humidity (50%, 70%, 90%) and four duration (3, 6, 9, 12 d) orthogonal experiments were conducted, with 28°C, 50% as control. The results showed that under high temperature and relative air humidity, the activity of sucrose metabolizing enzymes in young tomato fruits changed, which reduced fruits soluble sugar content; in addition, enzyme activities involved phosphopyruvate carboxylase (PEPC), mitochondria aconitase (MDH) and citrate synthetase (CS) increased which increased the content of organic acids (especially malic acid). Eventually, vitamin C, total sugar and sugar-acid ratio decreased significantly, while the titratable acid increased, resulting in a decrease in fruit flavor quality and nutritional quality in ripe fruit. Specifically, a temperature of 32°C and a relative air humidity of 70% were the best cultivation conditions for tomato reproductive growth period under high temperature. Our results indicating that fruit quality reduced under high temperature at the flowering stage, while increasing the relative air humidity to 70% could alleviate this negative effect. Our results are benefit to better understand the interaction between microclimate parameters under specific climatic conditions in the greenhouse environment and their impact on tomato flavor quality.     

Effect of fruit maturity,seed weight and storage time on the viability and germination of the seed of candelilla (<i>Euphorbia antisiphylitica</i> Zucc.)

Candelilla (Euphorbia antisiphylitica Zucc.) is a very important plant resource in the arid lands of Northern Mexico. This is because the wax content coating the stem has unique properties which have been useful for multiple applications in the food industry, electronics, cosmetics, etc. However, the intensive exploitation of this resource has caused a great decrease in the populations of this species making necessary to consider strategies for their conservation and sustainable use. One of the primary needs with regeneration purposes is to know their reproductive processes, particularly the biotic and/or abiotic factors that determine the viability and germination of seeds. The present study evaluated the (1) germination and seed viability in relation to the ripeness degree of the fruit at the time of collection, (2) weight of the seed (low, medium and high), and (3) storage time (1, 3, and 5 months). Fruits from four locations, two in the State of Coahuila (Las Coloradas and Candela) and two in the State of Nuevo Leon (Icamole 1 and Icamole 2), were collected. Three germination assays were carried out corresponding to each month of storage. Seed viability was determined by the tetrazolium test. The average weight of the candelilla seeds was 0.0029 ± 0.0010 g, with extreme average values of 0.0018 ± 0.0006 g at Las Coloradas and 0.0036 ± 0.0010 g in Icamole 2. Those seeds with heavier weight obtained from red fruits and with 1 month of storage showed the highest average percentage of viability (66.87 ± 24.19%). At the same time, seeds with around average weight, obtained from red fruits and five months of storage, showed the highest average germination percentage (50.00 ± 9.42%).     

Preservation of fresh edible cactus stems (<i>Opuntia ficus indica</i> Mill.) by modified atmosphere packaging

Cactus stems, the cladodes of Opuntia spp. cacti, are consumed in Mexico and other countries due to their fresh and herbaceous flavor, and because of their widely known nutraceutical benefits. In order to extend the postharvest life of this vegetable, the effect of a modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) was studied in cactus stems of the cultivar Atlixco stored at 4 ± 1 °C for 20 days under three types of atmospheres: (1) air (passive atmosphere), (2) 5 kPa O₂ + 4 kPa CO₂, and (3) N₂. During storage, the titratable acidity decreased and the color of cladodes became darker and less green; however, the 5 kPa O₂ + 4 kPa CO₂ atmosphere was able to preserve both quality characteristics. All modified atmospheres reduced weight loss (from 8 to <2%) and the symptoms of chilling injury, and this physiological disorder appeared earlier in controls than in MAP-stored cladodes. The levels of fermentation metabolites were low in all three evaluated atmospheres. Because of this, only cladodes stored under the N₂ atmosphere were selected for furthersensory analysis of the MAP effect on odor perception as evaluated by a trained panel. Results indicated that there was no detrimental effect (atypical odors) of MAP on this sensory characteristic. We conclude that cultivar Atlixco is suitable for preservation using MAP technology.     

Pre-harvest Fungal Colonization Affects Storage Life of Bing Cherry Fruit

Treatment of sweet cherry ( Prunus avium cv. Bing) trees with either two mildewcide cover sprays or multiple (18) applications of topical and systemic fungicides produced cherry fruit that were either highly colonized or relatively uncolonized by fungi, respectively. Fruit from the multiple application treatment had a storage life of up to 8 weeks (7 weeks at 1-4°C plus 1 week at simulated retail temperatures of 20–21°C), whereas the commerciallymanaged fruits (two mildewcides) were extensively colonized by fungi and extensively decayed when stored under the same conditions. Stringent post-harvest disinfection did not significantly reduce postharvest decay, and only slightly reduced isolation frequency of fungi. The data obtained in this study suggest that the degree of preharvest fungal colonization is a primary determinant of the percentage of post-harvest decay, and that pre-harvest colonization can potentially be addressed by pre and post-harvest management practices.     

24-表油菜素内酯对茄子果实贮藏品质及抗氧化活性的影响

为了明确24-表油菜素内酯(EBR)对茄子果实贮藏品质及抗氧化活性的影响,以‘布利塔’茄子为试材,研究了茄子果实冷藏过程贮藏品质和抗氧化活性相关指标的变化。结果显示:(1)与对照相比,EBR处理显著降低了茄子的冷害指数,延缓了果实贮藏过程中呼吸强度的上升和果面硬度的下降,明显抑制了茄子花萼变色,促进了可溶性总糖的累积,但对可滴定酸含量无明显影响。(2)EBR处理还诱导了茄子果实3种抗氧化酶(SOD、CAT和APX)活性的增加,并降低了H2O2含量。研究表明,EBR处理提高了茄子的耐贮性和贮藏品质,这可能与其维持了茄子果实较高的抗氧化活性有关。