共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Shiqin Yang Tao Jiang Peilin Shen Shengjie Ren Zhun Gu Fangjun Feng Yunpeng Peng Wei Wang Kai Xu 《Phyton》2022,91(8):1671-1686
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Hongxiu Gao Lin Zhu Tianqi Liu Xueyu Leng Zhenxing Zhu Wei Xie Haitao Lv Zhengxun Jin Ping Wu Zhongchen Zhang 《Phyton》2023,92(6):1743-1763
Cyclophilin (CYP) plays an important role in plant response to stress, and OsCYP2, one gene of cyclophlilinfamily, is involved in auxin signal transduction and stress signaling in rice. However, the mechanism that OsCYP2is involved in rice response to low temperature is still unclear. We identified a new OsCYP2 allelic mutant, lrl3,with fewer lateral roots, and the differences in shoot height, primary root length and adventitious root lengthincreased with the growth process compared to the wild-type plant. Auxin signaling pathway was also affectedand became insensitive to gravity. The transgenic rice plants with over-expression of OsCYP2 were more tolerantto low temperature than the wild-type plants, suggesting that OsCYP2 was involved in the low temperatureresponse in rice. In addition, OsCYP2 negatively regulated the expression of OsTPS38, a terpene synthase gene,and was dependent on the OsCDPK7-mediated pathway in response to low temperature stress. OsTPS38-overexpressed transgenic line ox-2 was more sensitive to low temperature. Therefore, OsCYP2 may negativelyregulate OsTPS38 through an OsCDPK7-dependent pathway to mediate the response to low temperature in rice.These results provide a new basis for auxin signaling genes to regulate rice response to low temperature stress. 相似文献
3.
Yan Li Renquan Huang Jianrong Li Xiaozhen Huang Xiaofang Zeng Degang Zhao 《Phyton》2021,90(1):111-127
Plant architecture is a vital agronomic trait to control yield in rice (Oryza sativa L.). A dwarf and small seed 1 (dss1) mutant were obtained from the ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) mutagenized progeny of a Guizhou glutinous landrace cultivar, Lipingzabianhe. The dss1 mutant displayed phenotypes similar to those of brassinosteroid (BR) deficient mutants, such as dwarfing, dark green and rugose erect leaves, small seeds, and loner neck internode panicles with primary branching. In our previous study, the underlying DSS1 gene was isolated, a novel allele of OsDWARF (OsBR6ox) that encodes a cytochrome P450 protein involved in the BR biosynthetic pathway by MutMap technology. In this work, we confirmed that a Thr335Ile amino acid substitution residing in DSS1/OsDWARF was responsible for the dwarf, panicle architecture, and small seed phenotypes in the dss1 mutants by genetic transformation experiments. The overexpression of OsDWARF in the dss1 mutant background could not only recover dss1 to the normal plant height and panicle architecture but also rescued normal leaf angles, seed size, and leaf color. Thus, the specific mutation in DSS1/OsDWARF influenced plant architecture, seed size, and chlorophyll biosynthesis. 相似文献
4.
Yuanfen Gao Tinglan Jiang Yin Xiang Xuewu He Zhen Zhang Shengjuan Wen Junjie Zhang 《Phyton》2021,90(5):1465-1476
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The lignocellulosic crop Miscanthus spp. has been identified as a good candidate for biomass production. Theresponses of Miscanthus sinensis Anderss. to salinity were studied to satisfy the needs for high yields in marginalareas and to avoid competition with food production. The results indicated that the relative advantages of thetolerant accession over the sensitive one under saline conditions were associated with restricted Na+ accumulationin shoots. Seedlings of two accessions (salt-tolerant ‘JM0119’ and salt-sensitive ‘JM0099’) were subjected to 0(control), 100, 200, and 300 mM NaCl stress to better understand the salt-induced biochemical responses of genesinvolved in Na+ accumulation in M. sinensis. The adaptation responses of genes encoding for Na+/H+ antiporters,NHX1 and SOS1 to NaCl stress were examined in JM0119 and JM0099.The cDNA sequences of genes examinedwere highly conserved among the relatives of M. sinensis based on the sequencing on approximate 600 bp-longcDNA fragments obtained from degenerate PCR. These salt-induced variations of gene expression investigated byquantitative real-time PCR provided evidences for insights of the molecular mechanisms of salt tolerance inM. sinensis. The expression of NHX1 was up-regulated by salt stress in JM0119 shoot and root tissues. However,it was hardly affected in JM0099 shoot tissue except for a significant increase at the 100 mM salt treatment, and itwas salt-suppressed in the JM0099 root tissue. In the root tissue, the expression of SOS1 was induced by the highsalt treatment in JM0119 but repressed by all salt treatments in JM0099. Thus, the remarkably higher expressionof NHX1 and SOS1 were associated with the resistance to Na+ toxicity by regulation of the Na+ influx, efflux, andsequestration under different salt conditions. 相似文献
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Phytophthora nicotianae causes substantial economic losses in most countries where tobacco is produced. At present, the control of P. nicotianae mainly depends on chemical methods, with considerable environmental andhealth issues. We investigated the effects of ethanol extracts from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (SBG) and Magnolia officinalis (MO). On mycelial growth, sporangium formation, and zoospore release of P. nicotianae. Bothextracts inhibited the growth of P. nicotianae, with mycelial growth inhibition rates of 88.92% and 93.92%, respectively, at 40 mg/mL, and EC50 values of 5.39 and 5.74 mg/mL, respectively. The underlying mechanisms were theinhibition of sporangium formation, the reduction of zoospore number, and the destruction of the myceliumstructure. At an SBG extract concentration of 16.17 mg/mL, the inhibition rates for sporangia and zoospores were98.66% and 99.39%, respectively. At an MO extract concentration of 2.87 mg/mL, the production of sporangiaand zoospores was completely inhibited. The hyphae treated with the two plant extracts showed different degreesof deformation and damage. Hyphae treated with SBG extract showed adhesion and local swelling, whereas treatment with MO extract resulted in broken hyphae. Mixture of the extracts resulted in a good synergistic effect. 相似文献
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Xiaoli Li Shiyan Lu Yaru Yang Wenjie Wei Jiali Wei Xiaojun Yuan Ping Li 《Phyton》2021,90(5):1387-1400
It is known that the high level of sugar including glucose suppresses seed germination through ABA signal. ABI5 isan essential component to mediate ABA-dependent seed germination inhibition, but underlying mechanismneeds more investigation. Previous study demonstrated the PIF4 activated the expression of ABI5 to suppress seedgermination in darkness. Here we reported that PIF4 also mediated the seed germination inhibition through ABI5under high concentration of glucose treatment. Furthermore, we found that PIF4 interacted with PAP1, the central factor to control anthocyanin biosynthesis. Such interaction was confirmed in vitro and in planta. Biochemicaland physiological analysis revealed that PAP1 bond the promoter of ABI5 to suppress its expression, thusenhanced seed germination under high concentration of glucose treatment. Specially, PAP1 competed with PIF4 toantagonize the activation of PIF4 on ABI5 expression, thus promoted seed germination under high glucose treatment. Given these, we uncover a novel role for PIF4 and PAP1 in controlling seed germination under high glucosetreatment, and reveal their antagonistic mechanism by which coordinates ABI5 expression to control seed germination in response to the glucose signal. 相似文献
9.
Xi Liu Chuxuan Zhao Di Wang Gen Pan Xiaonan Ji Su Gao Tanxiao Du Yating Feng Wenjing Chen 《Phyton》2023,92(7):2051-2064
Many studies have already shown that dwarfism and moderate delayed leaf senescence positively impact rice yield, but the underlying molecular mechanism of dwarfism and leaf senescence remains largely unknown. Here, using map-based cloning, we identified an allele of DEP2, DDG1, which controls plant height and leaf senescence in rice. The ddg1 mutant displayed dwarfism, short panicles, and delayed leaf senescence. Compared with the wild-type, ddg1 was insensitive to exogenous gibberellins (GA) and brassinolide (BR). DDG1 is expressed in various organs, especially in stems and panicles. Yeast two-hybrid assay, bimolecular fluorescent complementation and luciferase complementation image assay showed that DDG1 interacts with the α-subunit of the heterotrimeric G protein. Disruption of RGA1 resulted in dwarfism, short panicles, and darker-green leaves. Furthermore, we found that ddg1 and the RGA1 mutant was more sensitive to salt treatment, suggesting that DDG1 and RGA1 are involved in regulating salt stress response in rice. Our results show that DDG1/DEP2 regulates plant height and leaf senescence through interacting with RGA1. 相似文献
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In agricultural production, a single insect-resistant and disease-resistant variety can no longer meet the demand. In this study, the expression vector pCAMBIA-3301-PR1 containing the disease-resistant gene PR1 was constructed by means of genetic engineering, and the PR1 gene was genetically transformed to contain the PR1 gene through the pollen tube method. In CryAb-8Like transgenic high-generation T7 receptor soybean, a new material that is resistant to insects and diseases is obtained. For T2 transformed plants, routine PCR detection, Southern Blot hybridization, fluorescence quantitative PCR detection, indoor and outdoor pest resistance identification and indoor disease resistance identification were performed. The results showed that there were 9 positive plants in the routine PCR test of T2 generation. In Southern Blot hybridization, both PR1 and CryAb-8Like genes are integrated in soybeans in the form of single copies. Fluorescence quantitative PCR showed that the expression levels of PR1 and CryAb-8Like genes are different in different tissues. The average expression levels of PR1 gene in plant roots, stems, and leaves are 2.88, 1.54, and 5.26, respectively. CryAb-8Like genes are found in roots, stems, and leaves. The average expression levels were 1.36, 1.39, and 4.25, respectively. The insectivorous rate of the CryAb-8Like gene in outdoor plants with positive insect resistance identification was 3.78%. The disc partition method was used indoors for pest resistance identification, and the bud length of transformed plants increased significantly. The average mortality rate of untransformed plants in indoor disease resistance identification was as high as 56.66%, and the average mortality rate of plants transformed with PR1 gene was 10.00%, and disease resistance was significantly improved. Therefore, a new material with resistance to diseases and insects is obtained. 相似文献
12.
Carlos Eduardo Ornelas-Ramírez Sergio Hernández-Verdugo Jesús Enrique Retes-Manjarrez Angel Valdez-Ortiz Antonio Pacheco-Olvera Tomás Osuna-Enciso Flor Porras 《Phyton》2021,90(1):259-275
The phenotypic variation and its distribution among species, morphotypes, and among and within populations was estimated in 71 populations pertaining to 15 morphotypes of three domesticated species of Capsicum from Mexico. Collections were made in the states of Sinaloa, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Tabasco, and Yucatán in two agroecosystems: Backyard-garden and monoculture. Fifteen phenotypic characteristics were analyzed through one-way variance analysis and multivariate analyses of principal components analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering using Ward’s method. The study was performed in a uniform greenhouse experiment. A high variation was found among and within populations in all the measured characteristics. Of the total variation, 13.0% was distributed among species, 27.9% among morphotypes, 8.1% among populations, and 51.0% within populations. Because plants grew in a uniform environment, these results indicate that the differences observed among and within species, morphotypes, and populations have a genetic basis. Univariate and multivariate analyses clearly differentiated morphotypes, suggesting that the category of morphotypes must be used to nominate the infraspecific variation in the domesticated Capsicum. The principal components analysis identified a total of 15 principal components that contributed to explain the total variation. The first two components explained 59.64% of the total variation and seven components explained more than 90% of the total variation. Among the measured characteristics, number of seed per fruit, weight of the fruit, width of the fruit, length of the fruit, stem diameter, days to flowering, and height of the plant contributed to component 1 variation, whereas width of the leaf, length of the leaf, and number of locules, number of fruits and number of seeds per plant contributed to component 2. The hierarchical clustering separated the populations and the morphotypes in two large different groups. One group consisted of populations collected in monoculture conditions and the other group corresponded to population collected from backyard-garden conditions. The monoculture populations were characterized mainly by their longer, wider, and higher weight fruits, plants were of less height, had smaller stem diameters, and lower number of fruits than the populations collected from the backyard-garden conditions. The backyard-garden populations of the Capsicum annuum and Capsicum frutescens species, considered wild or semi-domesticated, constituted a non-differentiated phenotypic group that does not allow dividing them in different species. 相似文献
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Pengfei Zhang Yuqin Zhang Qifeng Zhao Tiequan Niu Pengfei Wen Jinjun Liang 《Phyton》2023,92(4):1125-1138
Grape pistil has an important influence on fruit size and quality. However, there were few studies on grape ovary, and the development process of the ovary is still unclear. Therefore, in this paper, four different grape varieties with different lengths of small inflorescences, namely ‘Musct Hambourg’ grape (Vitis vinifera), ‘Concord’ grape (Vitis labrusca), ‘ShanPuTao’ grape (Vitis amurensis) and ‘GongNiang2Hao’ grape (Vitis amurensis × Vitis vinifera) were used as test materials. Four varieties ovary were significant differences by means of stereomicroscope, paraffin section. The expression of ovary determining gene VvAGAMOUS (VvAG) and its development related genes VvCRABS CLAW (VvCRC) andVvAGAMOUS-LIKE 11 (VvAGL11) with similar functions during the development of different grape varieties were preliminarily explored using fluorescence quantitative test. The relationship between VvAG and VvCRC, VvAG and VvAGL11 were analyzed using Y1H assay. Our results showed that there were obvious abdominal sutures on the surface of expect for ‘Musct Hambourg’ grape, and existing poly carpels. The ovary development of ‘ShanPuTao’ and ‘GongNiang2Hao’ grape was completed when the inflorescence length was less than 1 cm, while the ‘Concord’ and ‘Musct Hambourg’ grape were fully developed when the length of inflorescence was 3–4 and 4–5 cm, respectively. VvAG and VvCRC began to express in large quantities after the formation of stamen primordia, while VvAGL11 during the forming of ovule primordia. Therefore, VvAG and VvCRC mainly regulated the development of stamens and carpels and also promote the development of ovules, while VvAGL11 major regulated the development of ovules. The promoters of VvCRC and VvAGL11 were bound by VvAG. This study provides an important theoretical basis for further research on the molecular mechanism of grape ovary development. 相似文献
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Tahsin Shoala Basma H. Amin Ismail A. S. Rashid Fayz A. Abdel-Rahman Mohamed E. Khalil Khamis Youssef 《Phyton》2023,92(4):1139-1152
Production of peaches (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) for both local market and export is increasing each year inEgypt. Brown rot disease, caused by Monilinia laxa and Monilinia fructigena, is considered one of the mostimportant postharvest rots affecting peaches in Egypt and economic losses are increasing. Antifungal activityof glycyrrhizic acid nanoparticles (GA-NPs) and glycyrrhizic acid (GA) at 0.2 and 0.4 mmol/L was investigatedas a control for both these brown rot pathogens on peach fruits in both in vitro and in vivo studies. In the in vitrostudies, GA-NPs were the most effective as shown by the ability to decrease linear growth of both brown rotpathogens in potato dextrose agar (PDA) amended with 0.4 mmol/L GA-NPs. Micrographs of M. fructigenaexposed to 0.4 mmol/LGA showed mycelial deformations, nodule formation, detachment of the cell wall, shrinkage and inhomogeneous cytoplasmic materials with large vacuoles. Mycelium of M. laxa exposed to 0.4 mmol/LGA-NPs resulted in thinner and distorted hyphae, nodule formation, cell wall thinning, and swellings. The GANPs and GA treatments improved fruit quality by maintaining firmness and total soluble solids (TSS). GA-NPswere more effective in decreasing decay incidence than their bulk material. The 0.4 mmol/L GA-NPs completelyinhibited the disease on naturally infected peach fruits for both seasons of 2018 and 2019. Furthermore,0.4 mmol/L GA-NPs reduced the disease incidence in inoculated fruits by 95 (M. laxa) and 88% (M. fructigena)in 2018 season and 96 (M. laxa) and 85% (M. fructigena) in 2019 season. In conclusion, GA-NPs could enhancethe resistance of peaches against brown rot caused by M. laxa and M. fructigena. 相似文献
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Jingsen Liu Jinqi Ma Ai Lin Chao Zhang Bo Yang Liyuan Zhang Lin Huang Jiana Li 《Phyton》2020,89(2):253-273
Invertase (INV), a key enzyme in sucrose metabolism, irreversibly catalyzes the hydrolysis of sucrose to glucose and fructose, thus playing importantroles in plant growth, development, and biotic and abiotic stress responses. In thisstudy, we identified 27 members of the BnaINV family in Brassica napus. Weconstructed a phylogenetic tree of the family and predicted the gene structures,conserved motifs, cis-acting elements in promoters, physicochemical propertiesof encoded proteins, and chromosomal distribution of the BnaINVs. We also analyzed the expression of the BnaINVs in different tissues and developmental stagesin the B. napus cultivar Zhongshuang 11 using qRT-PCR. In addition, we analyzed RNA-sequencing data to explore the expression patterns of the BnaINVsin four cultivars with different harvest indices and in plants inoculated with thepathogenic fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. We used WGCNA (weighted coexpression network analysis) to uncover BnaINVregulatory networks. Finally,we explored the expression patterns of several BnaINV genes in cultivars withlong (Zhongshuang 4) and short (Ningyou 12) siliques. Our results suggest thatBnaINVs play important roles in the growth and development of rapeseed siliquesand the defense response against pathogens. Our findings could facilitate thebreeding of high-yielding B. napus cultivars with strong disease resistance. 相似文献
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The present study was conducted to determine the total hypericin contents of Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra. and Hypericum scabrum L. specieswhich are naturally distributed in the flora of Siirt province, Turkey. Hypericincontents of Hypericum species grown in different geographical aspects (North,South, East, and West), and it was measured at different harvest times (full blooming and post blooming period). In the current study, it has been determined thattotal hypericin content varies considerably according to aspects, plant developmental stages (ontogenetic variance), and species. According to species x aspectinteraction, the highest total hypericin content was recorded from the west aspect(3.13 mg/g) in Hypericum triquetrifolium, while, the lowest hypericin content wasalso obtained from the west aspect (1.22 mg/g) in Hypericum scabrum. When thehighest total hypericin content was analyzed according to aspect x species x harvest time interaction, the highest total hypericin content was produced fromHypericum triquetrifolium at the harvest of west aspect with 5.28 mg/g, whilethe minimum amount of hypericin was obtained from the same aspect in Hypericum scabrum with 0.50 mg/g. In species x harvest time interaction, the highesttotal hypericin content was obtained from the full bloom (3.10 mg/g) harvest inHypericum triquetrifolium, while the lowest hypericin was obtained from the fullbloom (1.26 mg/g) harvest in Hypericum scabrum. The data suggest that the average total hypericin content was 2.26 mg/g in Hypericum triquetrifolium and1.28 mg/g in Hypericum scabrum. 相似文献
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Linjun Cai Junhua Liu Han Yun Dan Du Xiaolong Zhong Zhenlin Yang Xianchun Sang Changwei Zhang 《Phyton》2021,90(4):1103-1117
Leaf color mutants are ideal materials for studying many plant physiological and metabolic processes such as photosynthesis, photomorphogenesis, hormone physiology and disease resistance. In this study, the genetically stable yellow-green leaf mutant ygl16 was identified from mutated “Xinong 1B”. Compared with the wild type, the pigment concentration and photosynthetic capacity of the ygl16 decreased significantly. The ultrastructural observation showed that the distribution of thylakoid lamellae was irregular in ygl16 chloroplasts, and the grana and matrix lamellae were blurred and loose in varied degrees, and the chloroplast structure was disordered, while the osmiophilic corpuscles increased. The results of the genetic analysis and mapping showed that the phenotype of ygl16 was controlled by a pair of recessive nuclear gene. The gene located in the 56Kb interval between RM25654 and R3 on the long arm of chromosome 10. The sequencing results showed that the 121st base of the first intron of the candidate gene OsPORB/FGL changed from A to T in the interval. qRT-PCR results showed that the expression of chlorophyll synthase-related genes in the mutant decreased. 相似文献
19.
Abdulkhaliq Alshoaibi 《Phyton》2022,91(1):45-55
Pearl millet (Pennisetum spicatum (L.) Körn.) and maize (Zea mays L.) are C4 grass species grown for feeding humans and animals in Almadinah Almunawwarah, which is in the western part of Saudi Arabia. During the winter, the mean temperature, which drops to 14°C, represents a major problem for the growth of these species in this region. Therefore, the objectives of this research were to investigate the growth response and the photosynthetic performance of P. spicatum and Z. mays under a low temperature stress. The treatments involved daytime and nighttime temperatures of 14/12°C (low temperature) and 24/22°C (optimum temperature). The results indicated that low temperature significantly reduced all growth and physiological parameters, including seed germination, leaf expansion, leaf area, shoot length and root length of the two species compared to those of the control. Additionally, the low temperature significantly decreased the light-saturated assimilation rate (Asat), quantum yield (ϕ), saturated rate of carbon dioxide uptake (Amax) and efficiency of carboxylation on both species compared to those of the control. Moreover, the values of Fv/Fm and the chlorophyll contents of both species were significantly reduced by low temperature compared to those of the control. It can be concluded that both species had little tolerance to low temperatures. 相似文献
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