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1.
Although hypercholesterolemia is a well-known risk factor for atherosclerosis, little is known about the effect of hypercholesterolemia on cardiac contractile function. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of hypercholesterolemia on myocardial contractility. Fifteen New Zealand white rabbits were fed standard chow (control group) and another 15 were fed a cholesterolenriched diet (HC group) for 12 weeks. The contractile response of ventricular muscle strips was measured in various extracellular calcium concentrations and at different pacing rates. The whole-cell calcium current recording, and mRNA and protein levels of cellular calcium-handling proteins were also analyzed. With 2 mM Ca2+ and stimulation at 3 Hz, the contractile force of HC strips was less than that of the controls (3.63±0.20 vs. 4.61±0.50 mN, p<0.05). The time to peak tension was longer for HC strips (93.3±2.16 vs. 82.2±2.81 ms, p < 0.05). The peak L-type calcium inward current density was slightly higher in HC myocytes but did not reach statistical significance (–14.90±0.94 vs. –12.44±0.84 pA/pF, p=0.15). The mRNA level of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA), normalized to GAPDH, was significantly lower in the HC than that in the control group (2.85±0.14 vs. 7.67±0.67, p<0.05), as was the ryanodine receptor (RyR; 0.42±0.06 vs. 0.71±0.13, p<0.05). The mRNA of the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) was statistically higher in the HC group (0.90±0.12 vs. 0.48±0.05, p<0.05). Western blot experiments revealed that protein expression of SERCA in the HC strips decreased, but that of the NCX increased. The protein expression of the dihydropyridine receptor was similar between these two groups. We concluded that hypercholesterolemia results in suppression of the maximal contractile function and in a longer systolic contractile time course. These changes may partially be mediated through a decrease in SERCA and RyR but an increase in NCX expression. 相似文献
2.
Hayato Odagiri Toru Baba Yoshiyuki Nishio Osamu Iizuka Minoru Matsuda Kentaro Inoue Akio Kikuchi Takafumi Hasegawa Masashi Aoki Atsushi Takeda Yasuyuki Taki Etsuro Mori 《PloS one》2016,11(4)
BackgroundAbnormal cardiac uptake of 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (123I-MIBG) is a diagnostic marker of Lewy body diseases (LBDs), e.g., Parkinson’s disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Planar imaging is generally used to assess cardiac sympathetic dysfunction in 123I-MIBG scintigraphy; however, its clinical utility requires further improvement. We hypothesized that the co-registration of single-photon emission tomography (SPECT) and computed tomography (CT) images would improve the diagnostic accuracy of 123I-MIBG cardiac scintigraphy for LBDs. This study sought to evaluate the effects of SPECT/CT imaging on 123I-MIBG cardiac scintigraphy for diagnosing LBDs.MethodsWe retrospectively investigated data of 54 patients (consecutive 18 patients in each PD, DLB, and idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus [iNPH] groups) who underwent 123I-MIBG cardiac scintigraphy (planar and SPECT/CT) because of suspected LBDs at the Tohoku University hospital from June 2012 to June 2015. We compared the diagnostic accuracies of the conventional planar 123I-MIBG method and SPECT/CT methods (manual and semi-automatic).ResultsIn the conventional planar analysis, 123I-MIBG uptake decreased only in the DLB group compared with the iNPH group. In contrast, the SPECT/CT analysis revealed significantly lower 123I-MIBG uptake in both the PD and DLB groups compared with the iNPH group. Furthermore, a receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed that both the manual and semi-automatic SPECT/CT methods were superior to the conventional planar method in differentiating the 3 disorders.ConclusionsSPECT/CT 123I-MIBG cardiac scintigraphy can detect mild cardiac sympathetic dysfunction in LDBs. Our results suggest that the SPECT/CT technique improves diagnostic accuracy for LBDs. 相似文献
3.
《Médecine Nucléaire》2007,31(12):631-637
Metaiodobenzylguanidine-iode 123 (123I-MIBG) myocardial scintigraphy is one of only the few methods available for the objective evaluation of cardiac sympathetic function at the clinical level. Disorders of cardiac sympathetic function play an important role in a variety of heart diseases and particularly arrhythmic disease. MIBG abnormalities have been described in various arrhythmic diseases. Their signification and their prognostic value are still not clear. This article focuses on reviewing the characteristics of 123I-MIBG myocardial scintigraphy in different arrhythmic diseases. 相似文献
4.
Endothelin-3 (ET-3) elicited a concentration-dependent positive inotropic effect on rabbit papillary muscle, the maximal response being approximately 65% of the maximal response to isoproterenol. ET-1 induced a positive inotropic effect over the concentration range below 10–9 M, at which ET-3 did not produce a positive inotropic effect, but the maximal response to ET-1 was equivalent to or slightly lower than that of ET-3. The nonselective ET receptor antagonist PD 145065 effectively antagonized the positive inotropic effect of ET-3 in a concentration-dependent manner and abolished it at 10–5 M. PD 145065 decreased the positive inotropic effect induced by ET 1 at lower concentrations (< 10–9 M) but it did not affect the main portion of the concentration-response curve for the positive inotropic effect, i.e., the effect induced by high concentrations (> 10–9 M) of ET-1. PD 145065 antagonized also the positive inotropic effect of sarafotoxin S6c. PD 145065 inhibited the specific binding of [125I]ET-1 and of [125I]ET-3 with a high- and a low-affinity site for competition. ETB selective ligands, RES-701-1 and sarafotoxin S6c, displaced [125Iuc]ET-3 with high affinity but they scarcely affected the [1251]ET-1 binding. These findings indicate that different subtypes of the ET receptor are responsible for the induction of the positive inotropic effect of ET-3 and ET-1. ET receptors involved in the production of the positive inotropic effect in the rabbit ventricular myocardium have pharmacological characteristics that are different from those of conventional ET receptors originally classified based on the pharmacological findings in noncardiac tissues. The positive inotropic effect of ET-3 in the rabbit ventricular muscle may be mediated predominantly by ETA1 receptors that are susceptible to PD 145065 as well as BQ-123 and FR139317, and partially mediated by ETB receptors that are inhibitable with RES-701-1. ETA2 receptors that are resistant to ETA selective as well as nonselective antagonists may mainly be responsible for the positive inotropic effect of ET-1 in the rabbit ventricular muscle. 相似文献
5.
Analysis of the inotropic action of ouabain in rat ventricles: two apparent ouabain inotropic responses 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
G Grupp A DePover I L Grupp A Schwartz 《Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine (New York, N.Y.)》1984,175(1):39-43
Two distinct inotropic effects of ouabain were observed in 68 of 82 right ventricular strips of rats with ED50s of 0.5 and 20 microM referred to as "low-dose" and "high-dose" effects, respectively. The other 14 strips showed monophasic dose-response curves, with an apparent ED50 of 0.3 microM; the inotropic response to ouabain or isoproterenol developed by these atypical strips did not exceed 50% over control. In the strips showing the biphasic inotropic response curves, the proportion of the "low-dose" effect varied from 6 to 89% of the maximum response. After treatment with 160 microM ouabain, followed by 60 min of washout, the maximum developed tension in response to ouabain was unchanged, but the "low-dose" effect was abolished or dramatically reduced. In those cases with a remaining "low-dose" response, the response was only 12% or less of the maximum and the ED50 was shifted from 0.3 to about 3 microM ouabain by the washout. The atypical strips, which showed only the "low-dose" effects during the first ouabain exposure, revealed after washout a consistent "high-dose" effect with an ED50 of about 12 microM ouabain. The data show that the two inotropic responses exist in all ventricular strips and that in some strips, after ouabain washout, a residue of the "low-dose" effect remains. 相似文献
6.
S. A. Afanas'ev N. V. Naryzhnaya S. V. Popov I. V. Antonchenko I. A. Lukavskaya Sh. D. Akhmedov B. N. Kozlov V. M. Shipulin 《Human physiology》2003,29(3):336-340
Changes in intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis induced by 1 M Amiodarone solution were studied with muscle strips isolated from the right atrial auricles of patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD). The intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis was evaluated through the changes in contractility in the muscle strips caused by a 60-s discontinuation of their stimulation by electrical pulses. It was found that, in 30% of the IHD patients, the atrial myocardium displayed an abnormal contractility. Myocardium samples with normal contractility displayed two types of inotropic response to the resumption of electrical stimulation. The first type was associated with a 30% decrease in the parameters of the contraction–relaxation cycle, whereas, for the second type, this decrease was stronger (by 70% or more). An incubation of the muscle samples with the Amiodarone solution suppressed the abnormal contractility, did not affect the muscles with the first type of response, and significantly (p < 0.05) increased the inotropic response in the muscles with the second type of reaction to a short interruption in their electrical stimulation. As Amiodarone itself induces no direct positive inotropic effects, it was supposed that, in some cases of IHD, the presence of Amiodarone in the atrial myocardium is associated with an increased ability of the sarcoplasmic reticulum to retain calcium ions accumulated. This phenomenon may contribute to the suppression of abnormal activity of the atrial myocardium and strengthen the direct antiarrhythmic effect of Amiodarone. 相似文献
7.
N. Valli 《Médecine Nucléaire》2010,34(3):184-190
Metaiodobenzylguanidine-iode 123 (123I-MIBG) myocardial scintigraphy is one of the few methods available for the objective evaluation of cardiac sympathetic function at the clinical level. Disorders of cardiac sympathetic function play an important role in a variety of heart diseases and particularly in heart failure. MIBG myocardial scintigraphy provides abundance of useful information for evaluation of severity therapeutic effects and prognosis. 相似文献
8.
J.S. Tang Y.L. Hou H. GaoX. Chen S.C. SunT.Z. Guo H. KobayashiW.C. Ye X.S. Yao 《Phytomedicine》2011,18(7):544-550
Eight phenolic compounds, including (−)-epicatechin (1) and seven proanthocyanidins (2-8), were obtained from the butanol extract of Parabarium huaitingii (PHB). Their chemical structures were identified based on analyses of mass spectra (MS), NMR, CD spectra, and partial acid catalyzed thiolytic degradation. The observation made by laser scanning confocal microscope found a significant increase of the concentration of intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) in single myocytes when the PHB was added, while compounds 1 and 3 had the same physiological effect. Further investigations showed PHB had a dose-dependent positive inotropic effect on isolated right atria and papillary muscle of left ventricle of the rat, while having no significant influence on the spontaneous beating rate of the isolated right atria. The inotropic effect of PHB could be greatly abolished by pretreating the myocardium in Ca2+-free solution. These findings indicated that PHB could significantly increase [Ca2+]i in myocytes, which was greatly dependent on the influx of extracellular Ca2+. Compounds 1 and 3 might be the effective ingredients of the inotropic effect of PHB. In addition, PHB could also significantly decrease the infarct size of the heart on acute myocardial infarction (AMI) model rats, which suggested its myocardial protective effect on ischemic myocardium. The positive inotropic effect of PHB, together with its myocardial protective effect on AMI, suggested that PHB had a promising potential for the prevention and treatment of heart failure, especially the one that was caused by AMI. 相似文献
9.
H. Gesser P. Andresen P. Brams J. Sund-Laursen 《Journal of comparative physiology. B, Biochemical, systemic, and environmental physiology》1982,147(1):123-128
Summary The effects of adrenaline on the development of force under anoxia and hypercapnic acidosis (13% CO2 in 30 mM HCO
3
–
) were examined in isolated, electrically stimulated cardiac ventricle strips of rainbow trout and eel.During anoxia or acidosis applied 15 min in advance, the adrenaline concentration of the bathing solution was increased in 5 steps from 0 to 10–4 M with 5 min at each step. Before levelling off the contractile tension increased by 145±42% (mean±SE) in the anoxic, 80±14% in the acidotic and 152±41% in the control trout cardiac strips. Except for the acidotic strips the corresponding values tended to be lower for the eel strips being 46±9%, 57±17% and 57±9%, respectively. The inotropic affinity for adrenaline was lower in the trout than in the eel myocardium. For the trout myocardium it remained unchanged, while it decreased somewhat for the eel myocardium under anoxia or acidosis.Adding to the muscle bath 10–5 M adrenaline resulted in an increase in force development by about 90% for the trout myocardium and 50% for the eel myocardium. 5 min later anoxia or hypercapnic acidosis was applied for 30 min followed by 30 min at control conditions. Relative to the force values recorded just before anoxia or acidosis was applied, the changes in contractile force during these periods were the same with and without adrenaline. Thus adrenaline appears to have a persistent positive inotropic effect in the fish myocardium during and after oxygen lack or acidosis. 相似文献
10.
Y Sario?lu M Ilhan S O Kayaalp 《Archives internationales de physiologie et de biochimie》1988,96(1):35-40
This study was undertaken to determine the effects of clonidine on sympathetic neurotransmission in frog myocardium. In the electrically driven ventricular strips of frog heart, clonidine was found to be ineffective on contractility. However, clonidine increased the positive inotropic responses to transient additional stimulations. This effect of clonidine was antagonized by yohimbine, an alpha 2-adrenergic receptor antagonist. Clonidine did not change the positive inotropic effects of exogenously applied noradrenaline. These results suggest that clonidine facilitates sympathetic neurotransmission in frog myocardium via an action on alpha 2-adrenergic receptors located on sympathetic nerve terminals. 相似文献
11.
We studied the effects of chronic hypotensive treatment of normotensive Wistar rats (NWR) with methoxyverapamil (D-600) and hydralazine on in vitro contractile response of aortic strips, portal vein strips, and Langendorff-perfused hearts in normal (2.5 mM) and low (0.2 mM) calcium (Ca). Portal vein strips from rats treated with D-600, compared with the same strips from control and hydralazine-treated rats, developed greater spontaneous contractile activity in normal Ca and retained greater responses to norepinephrine (NE) and 80 mM K in low Ca. Aortic strips from all three groups of rats retained similar responses to NE and K in low Ca. Hearts from D-600-treated rats produced less intraventricular pressure (IVP) to isoproterenol (ISO) than hearts from control and hydralazine-treated rats in normal Ca but greater IVP to ISO than hearts from the other two groups of rats in low Ca. Thus, chronic treatment of NWR with D-600 but not with hydralazine resulted in the reduction of Ca requirement for contractile activities of the portal vein and the myocardium. 相似文献
12.
Summary In this study, the toxic effect of sanguinarine (SANG) on heart was studied with isolated cardiac muscle strip isolated from Wistar rat. SANG induced positive inotropic action followed by contracture on the left ventricle and both atria strips. In addition, SANG dose-dependently inhibited spontaneous beat of the right atrium. SANG-induced contracture was completely suppressed by pretreatment with La3+ or in a Ca2+ free Tyrode solution containing 2.5 mM EGTA. Incubating isolated cardiomyocytes with SANG enhanced the 45Ca2+ influx, which could be inhibited by pretreatment with La3+. However, the SANG-induced 45Ca2+ influx could not be inhibited by pretreatment with other Ca2+ channel blockers, such as nifedipine, verapamil, diltiazem, nickel and manganese, and amiloride. Although antioxidants can inhibit the SANG-induced lipid peroxidation, they could not prevent the SANG-induced contracture. N-acetylcysteine and dithiothreitol, the sulfhydryl reducing agents, were shown to be effective in preventing the SANG-induced contracture. These data suggested that the SANG-induced contracture is caused by the influx of extracellular Ca2+ through a La3+-sensitive Ca2+ channel. 相似文献
13.
Dan Feng Haiyan Nan Wen Wang Linfeng Yan Pang Du Lin Zuo 《Channels (Austin, Tex.)》2017,11(3):236-244
This study aimed to investigate the expression and function of BKCa channels in the Sphincter of Oddi (SO) in a rabbit model of hypercholesterolemia (HC). New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 2 groups: the control group was fed standard chow (n = 18) whereas the high-cholesterol group was fed cholesterol-enriched chow containing 1.5% cholesterol (n = 18). The serum cholesterol level was significantly greater in the HC groups than in the control group, but there was no significant difference in body weight between the control and HC groups. Although the total protein expression of BKCa α- and β1-subunit was not significantly different between the control and HC groups, the Tyr-phosphorylation of BKCa α-subunit was significantly decreased in the HC group than in the control group. In addition, hypercholesterolemia significantly increased Acetylcholine (ACh)-induced contraction of the SO rings. Pretreatment with 30 μM NS1619, a BKCa channel agonist, significantly reduced ACh-induced contraction of the SO rings in HC rabbits. Moreover, pretreatment with 100 μM Na3OV4, a protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor, significantly reduced ACh-induced contraction of the SO rings in HC rabbits, whereas it significantly increased upon pretreating with 10 μM Genistein, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Whole-cell patch clamp recordings showed that BKCa current density was significantly lower in SOSMCs from HC group than that from control group. Our findings suggest that hypercholesterolemia-induced downregulation of BKCa channel, and Tyr-phosphorylation of BKCa α-subunit may contribute to the hyperresponsiveness of the SO ring in HC rabbits. 相似文献
14.
《PloS one》2015,10(3)
Background and Purpose
Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) needs to be distinguished from Alzheimer’s disease (AD) because of important differences in patient management and outcome. Severe cardiac sympathetic degeneration occurs in DLB, but not in AD, offering a potential system for a biological diagnostic marker. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic accuracy, in the ante-mortem differentiation of probable DLB from probable AD, of cardiac imaging with the ligand 123I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) which binds to the noradrenaline reuptake site, in the first multicenter study.Methods
We performed a multicenter study in which we used 123I-MIBG scans to assess 133 patients with clinical diagnoses of probable (n = 61) or possible (n = 26) DLB or probable AD (n = 46) established by a consensus panel. Three readers, unaware of the clinical diagnosis, classified the images as either normal or abnormal by visual inspection. The heart-to-mediastinum ratios of 123I-MIBG uptake were also calculated using an automated region-of-interest based system.Results
Using the heart-to-mediastinum ratio calculated with the automated system, the sensitivity was 68.9% and the specificity was 89.1% to differentiate probable DLB from probable AD in both early and delayed images. By visual assessment, the sensitivity and specificity were 68.9% and 87.0%, respectively. In a subpopulation of patients with mild dementia (MMSE ≥ 22, n = 47), the sensitivity and specificity were 77.4% and 93.8%, respectively, with the delayed heart-to-mediastinum ratio.Conclusions
Our first multicenter study confirmed the high correlation between abnormal cardiac sympathetic activity evaluated with 123I-MIBG myocardial scintigraphy and a clinical diagnosis of probable DLB. The diagnostic accuracy is sufficiently high for this technique to be clinically useful in distinguishing DLB from AD, especially in patients with mild dementia. 相似文献15.
Ali El-Armouche Azadeh Wahab Katrin Wittköpper Thomas Schulze Lutz Pohlmann Jenna F. DuMond Rainer H. Böger Thomas Eschenhagen Lucie Carrier Sonia Donzelli 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2010,402(2):340-1698
Contractile dysfunction and diminished response to β-adrenergic agonists are characteristics for failing hearts. Chemically donated nitroxyl (HNO) improves contractility in failing hearts and thus may have therapeutic potential. Yet, there is a need for pharmacologically suitable donors. In this study we tested whether the pure and long acting HNO donor, 1-nitrosocyclohexyl acetate (NCA), affects contractile force in normal and pathological ventricular myocytes (VMs) as well as in isolated hearts. VMs were isolated from mice either subjected to isoprenaline-infusion (ISO; 30 μg/g per day) or to vehicle (0.9% NaCl) for 5 days. Sarcomere shortening and Ca2+ transients were simultaneously measured using the IonOptix system. Force of contraction of isolated hearts was measured by a Langendorff-perfusion system. NCA increased peak sarcomere shortening by + 40-200% in a concentration-dependent manner (EC50 ∼55 μM). Efficacy and potency did not differ between normal and chronic ISO VMs, despite the fact that the latter displayed a markedly diminished inotropic response to acute β-adrenergic stimulation with ISO (1 μM). NCA (60 μM) increased peak sarcomere shortening and Ca2+ transient amplitude by ∼200% and ∼120%, respectively, suggesting effects on both myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity and sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ cycling. Importantly, NCA did not affect diastolic Ca2+ or SR Ca2+ content, as assessed by rapid caffeine application. NCA (45 μM) increased force of contraction by 30% in isolated hearts. In conclusion, NCA increased contractile force in normal and β-adrenergically desensitized VMs as well as in isolated mouse hearts. This profile warrants further investigations of this HNO donor in the context of heart failure. 相似文献
16.
Summary Using carrier free32P, tagged single superphosphate and86Rb, the efficiency of different methods of plant injection and soil placement techniques for fertilizer application was examined.
In the plant injection techniques the radioactivity was fed to the palms through growing roots tips, cut ends of roots, stem
injection and leaf axils. The application of radioactivity through the cut ends of roots was most efficient since32P was detected in 10 m tall palms, four hours after application. In stem, leaf axil and growing roots tips injection the32P was detected after 8, 12 and 18 h. Out of four methods of soil application, the quickest recovery of32P in the palms was detected after 7 days of placement when applied by the hole method. The32P activity in the palms through circular trenches, strips and basin methods was recorded after 8, 8 and 11 days of application
respectively. The accumulation of86Rb was significantly higher than32P. With plant injection technique the accumulation of activity was found to be significantly higher than with soil placement
methods. The rate of radioactivity absorption was 10 to 60 time faster in the former technique as compared to that of the
latter. The application of radioactivity through cut ends of roots and circular trench methods, were found to be better and
may be recommended for nutrient application in coconut. 相似文献
17.
Nan Wu Xiaowen Zhang Yuee Guan Wenqi Shu Pengyu Jia Dalin Jia 《Cell biochemistry and biophysics》2014,69(1):123-130
Ischemic postconditioning (IPO) reduces lethal reperfusion injury under normal conditions, but its effectiveness in hypercholesterolemia (HC) is disputed. We measured the cardioprotection of IPO in hypercholesterolemic rats and determined the roles of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). Isolated rat hearts underwent 30-min global ischemia and 120-min reperfusion. Postconditioning protocol induced six cycles of 10s ischemia and 10s reperfusion at the onset of the reperfusion. Myocardial infarct size was estimated by triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining and cardiomyocyte apoptosis was assessed by TUNEL staining. GSK-3β phosphorylation was measured by immunoblotting. The opening of mPTP was measured by NAD+ content in myocardium. In normocholesterolemia (NC) groups, infarct size and cardiomyocyte apoptosis were significantly reduced after IPO. These reductions were completely abolished by HC, as evidenced by a similar infarct size and cardiomyocyte apoptosis observed between the IPO-HC and IR (ischemia–reperfusion)-HC groups. GSK-3β phosphorylation was significantly higher in the IPO-NC than the IPO-HC group. In addition, NAD+ content in myocardium, a marker of mPTP opening, was higher in the IPO-NC group than the IPO-HC group. In conclusion, cardioprotection of IPO is blocked by hypercholesterolemia. This might be due to the impairment of phosphorylation of GSK-3β and attenuation of mPTP opening. 相似文献
18.
The inotropic response of isolated myocardial strips to 1-adrenoceptor stimulation was compared for patients with chronic coronary heart disease (CHD) and patients with WPW syndrome. The 1-adrenoceptors were stimulated with 1 × 10– M phenylephrine after blocking of the -adrenoceptors with 3 × 10–1 M propranolol. The inotropic activity was recorded in the isometric mode. In the myocardium without signs of ischemic damage, stimulation of the 1-receptors caused a slowly developing single-phase positive inotropic response. The myocardium of the CHD patients was characterized by a three-phase response. The specific features of the inotropic response to 1-adrenoceptor stimulation in the CHD patients were assumed to be determined by changes in intracellular homeostasis of Ca2+. Electromechanical coupling in cardiac myocytes of CHD patients depends on Ca2+ deposited in the sarcoplasmic reticulum to a greater extent than coupling in the intact myocardium. An additional positive inotropic effect is possible upon exogenous calcium influx into cardiac myocytes.Translated from Fiziologiya Cheloveka, Vol. 31, No. 1, 2005, pp. 133–136.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Afanasev, Ugdyzhekova, Karpov. 相似文献
19.
The inotropic and chronotropic actions of prostaglandin (PG) types PGE1, PGA1, and PGF2α were studied in isolated guinea pig right and left atria, and papillary muscles; rabbit atria; and toad ventricular strips in order to more completely define the cardiac contractile properties of PG. All three prostaglandins, in muscle bath concentrations of 10μg/ml, exerted positive inotropic and chronotropic actions on guinea pig atrium. These contractile effects were persistent after removal of PG from the muscle bath and appeared to limit the relative response to a subsequent dose of PG. The inotropic action of PGE1 was present over a wide range of bath calcium concentrations (1.1 to 4.4 mM/L). Beta adrenergic receptor blockade, histamine blockade, and pretreatment with reserpine failed to significantly affect the inotropic actions of PG. Norepinephrine and histamine produced more potent inotropic and chronotropic effects on guinea pig atria than did PG and these contractile effects did not exhibit persistence or tachyphylaxis. The prostaglandins did not significantly affect dose response curves for norepinephrine inotropic and chronotropic actions. The prostaglandins had no effect on the force or frequency of contraction in rabbit atria. PGE1 exerted a positive inotropic effect on toad ventricular myocardium whereas PGA1 had no effect and PGF2α had a negative inotropic action. 相似文献
20.
《International journal of radiation applications and instrumentation. Part B, Nuclear medicine and biology》1988,15(2):141-149
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) labeled via direct iodination or via the radioiodinated residualizing moiety tyramine-cellobiose (TC) were compared in rabbits as potential 123I radiopharmaceuticals for imaging sites of LDL catabolism. The tissue deposition of 131I-TC-LDL after 24 h as determined by dissection was in the major catabolic organs (liver, adrenals, spleen), and its plasma clearance was slower in rabbits with dietary hypercholesterolemia than in normals. 131I-LDL was unsuitable as a metabolic tracer due to redistribution of catabolites and/or loss of the label before protein degradation, which resulted in little accumulation of radioactivity in catabolic organs and high thyroid uptake. The plasma clearance half-time was similar (ca 22 h) for the two compounds in normal rabbits, but was increased to about 36 h for 131I-TC-LDL and decreased to approximately 9 h for 131I-LDL in hypercholesterolemic animals. The were similar with dynamic imaging of control and hypercholesterolemic rabbits using 123I-labeled analogues. 123I-TC-LDL rapidly localized in the liver, with low thyroid accumulation of radioactivity. The hepatic uptake of 123I-LDL was about half that of 123I-TC-LDL, and thyroid sequestration of radioactivity was significant for 123I-LDL but not 123I-TC-LDL. These data suggest that whereas the residualizing 123I-TC-LDL has a pharmacokinetic profile representative of lipoprotein metabolism, the biodistribution of the activity from injected 123I-LDL is complicated by processes other than protein degradation. The results are discussed with regard to nuclear medicine applications in evaluating lipoprotein catabolism in man. 相似文献