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1.
Saswati Chakraborti Sangram Sinha Rabindra K. Sinha 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2006,42(5):394-398
Summary This study reports an efficient and direct shoot bud differentiation and multiple shoot induction from nodal segments of underground
stoloniferous rhizomes of Houttuynia cordata Thumb. The frequency of shoot bud regeneration was influenced by the type of cytokinin and concentrations. Among the various
concentrations used, benzylaminopurine (BAP, 17.74 μM) or kinetin (Kn, 18.58 μM) was found to be most effective for rapid and maximum shoot but differentiation. The number of shoots per explant was higher
(20.00±2.61) on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with Kn (18.58 μM) compared to BAP and 6-γ-γ-(dimethyl-allylamino)-purine (2iP) during initial 40-d-old culture. Subsequent shoot
differentiation and multiplication were achieved in MS medium containing 9.29 μM Kn and 15% (v/v) coconut milk. Elongation and growth of multiple shoots were also obtained on MS medium containing either
2.32 μM Kn or 2.46 μM 2iP alone. The rate of shoot multiplication during subcultures declined with an increase in the size of proliferating shoot
cluster. Reducing shoot cluster size to three to four shoots and subculturing together in shoot multiplication medium resulted
in a better shoot multiplication and growth, which could be maintained for 2 yr. The elongated shoots (>20 mm) were successfully
rooted on MS medium supplemented with 19.60 μM indole-3-butyric acid. Regenerated plants were successfully established in soil and were found to be healthy and uniform.
The protocol reported in this study can be used for conservation and utilization of elite clone of H. cordata. 相似文献
2.
Summary Cotyledonary node and leaf nodal explants excised from 14-d-old in vitro-grown seedlings of Albizia odoratissima were cultured on a Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), N
6-(2-isopentenyl) adenine (2-iP) and kinetin, used either solely or in combinations. The highest frequency for shoot regeneration
(82.5%), the maximum number of shoots per explant (6.9), and the maximum shoot length (2.55 cm) were obtained from cotyledonary
node explants cultured on a MS medium containing 10 μM BAP and 10 μM 2-iP with 30 gl−1 sucrose. Successful rooting was achieved by placing the microshoots on MS medium with 25 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) for 24h first, then transferring to the same medium without IBA. Of the various substrates tested,
vermiculite was best for plant acclimatization, in which 75% of plants survived. 相似文献
3.
R. B. Naidu D. D. Kulkarni K. V. Krishnamurthy 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》1995,31(1):26-30
Summary The morphogenetic response of various explants of seven different cultivars of a food legume, the pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L.), has been studied. The stimulation and elongation of shoot buds into shoots derived from the mature embryo axis and intact
seed on Murashige and Skoog’s medium supplemented with 2.32µM kinetin and 22.2µM benzyladenine was found to be optimum in Murashige and Skoog’s medium supplemented with 0.46µM kinetin, 0.53µM naphthalene acetic acid, and 0.29µM gibberellic acid. Even though the response of these two explants for formation of shoot buds in all the genotypes is 30–100%
depending on media composition, subsequent growth and elongation of these shoot buds into plants is genotype dependent and
is restricted to two genotypes. Cotyledon and epicotyl explants of pigeon pea cultivars on the other hand differentiated directly
into four to eight and two to four shoots, respectively, depending on the media composition and genotype. In vitro rhizogenesis
of regenerated shoots was 80% and the survival of these plantlets in the field was 70–80%.
NCL Communication no.: 5667. 相似文献
4.
In vitro propagation was initiated from 2-week-old and 7-month-old explants of Acacia mangium. Juvenile explants (2 week-old) of 5- to 10-mm lengths composed of two leaves were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium
containing 1.0 or 2.0 mg L-1 6-benzyladenine (BAP). After 6 weeks, most explants had formed a large cluster of 14–18 axillary shoots produced by prolific
branching of the primary axillary shoot after elongation. The maximum multiplication rate (40) was obtained in the first subculture;
the rate decreased to 10–20 in the second one. The mean length of shoots was not significantly affected by BAP concentrations
during the subsequent cultures. Rooting ability of juvenile explants was greatly affected by BAP concentrations used in the
multiplication medium. When both types of explants were multiplied on a MS medium containing 1.0 mg L-1 BAP and transferred to a half-strength MS medium containing 0.05 mg L-1 IBA, only 10% of the juvenile explants were rooted versus 70% of the 7-month-old explants. Rooted plants transferred onto
artificial substrate were all nodulated, when inoculated with a specific Bradyrhizobium sp. strain. 相似文献
5.
S. Pandey M. Singh U. Jaiswal V. S. Jaiswal 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2006,42(5):389-393
Summary This study describes a protocol for the regeneration of complete plantlets of Terminalia arjuna from nodal explants of mature trees. Shoot multiplication from nodal explants was achieved by culturing on Murashige and
Skoog (MS) medium containing different concentrations of 6-benzyladenine (BA), thidiazuron or kinetin, or BA in combination
with α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). The best shoot multiplication response was obtained from nodal explants grown
on modified MS (half-strength major salts and Fe-EDTA) medium containing 4.44 μM BA and 0.53 μM NAA. Seasonal variations significantly affected the proliferation potential of nodal explants and best proliferation was
observed from explants collected during April to May. Microshoots were rooted on half-strength MS medium with 4.92 μM IBA. The rooted shoots were acclimatized successfully. 相似文献
6.
Summary Multiple shoots were grown from seedling explants of Alnus cremastogyne Burk by a two-stage culture procedure: initiation on WP medium supplemented with 2–8 M benzylammopurine(BAP) for 6 weeks, thereafter 3 weeks of subculture(shoot multiplication) on the same medium with 1 M BAP. A 5–9 fold multiplication rate was achieved. Type and concentration of sugar used in the multiplication medium were shown to be critical factors for both multiple shoot induction and bud elongation, the optima being 87.5mM glucose and 87.5mM sucrose respectively. After transfer to half-strength WP media either containing indolebutyric acid (IBA) or lacking plant growth regulator, almost all the shoots rooted. However, high rhizogenesis could be achieved only with shoots cultured in rooting medium containing 87.5mM sucrose or 175mM glucose, and shoots from multiplication media containing 87.5mM sucrose. Survival of the plantlets following transfer to vermiculite was 100%.Abbreviations BAP
6-benzylaminopurine
- 2iP
N6-(2-isopentenyl)adenine
- kinetin
6-furfurylaminopurine
- zeatin
trans-6-(4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl)aminopurine
- IBA
indol-3-butyric acid
- WPM
Woody plant medium (Lloyd and McCown, 1981) 相似文献
7.
Sandra Aparecida de Oliveira Maria de Ftima Pires da Silva Machado Alberto Jos Prioli Claudete Aparecida Mangolin 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》1995,31(1):47-50
Summary
Cereus peruvianus seedlings were used as a source of stem explants to determine the effective conditions for inducing and maintaining callus
tissues in a state of rapid growth, as well as to obtain plants regenerated from callus cultures. Factorial combinations of
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and kinetin in MS medium were tested, and we concluded that the 18.1µM 2,4-D and 18.6 or 27.9µM kinetin combinations were suitable for callus induction. The cactus shoots were produced from the friable callus; root elongation
occurred within 2 wk in medium without 2,4-D and with 18.6µM kinetin. This method can be used to rapidly produce manyC. peruvianus plants. 相似文献
8.
Stackhousia tryonii Bailey, a rare species whichhyperaccumulates nickel and with a potential to be exploited inphytoremediation/phytomining, is difficult to propagate via seeds. This studyinvestigated the development of a micropropagation protocol for the productionof large stocks of S. tryonii. Disinfested shoot tips andnodal buds were precultured on Gamborg's (B5) basal medium toobtain aseptic shoots for the optimisation of the protocol. 6-Benzyl aminopurine(BAP) at 1.0 mg l–1 produced the highest number ofshoots per explant in B5 medium. Comparison betweenB5 and MS media showed similar responses, but with marked influenceof BAP concentration on shoot numbers. Transfer of shoots from MS(multiplication) medium to MS medium supplemented with indole-3-acetic acid(IAA) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), individually or in combination, indicatedthat a combination of IAA and IBA (0.75 mg l–1each) is required to produce roots on young shoots (75%) compared to IBA(15–45%) or IAA (0–10%) alone. This study demonstrated that by usingthis protocol, a high multiplication rate (up to 18 shoots per explant) could be produced within 4 weeks, andthey can be readily hardened (98% survival) in a glasshouse by transplantingthem into a potting mixture of sand and perlite (4:1). 相似文献
9.
Mahendra Phulwaria Manoj K. Rai Harish Amit K. Gupta Kheta Ram N. S. Shekhawat 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2012,34(1):299-305
An efficient and improved in vitro propagation method has been developed for Terminalia bellirica, a medicinally important tree from nodal explants of 10-year-old mature tree. Shoot multiplication was influenced not only
by cytokinin types, their concentrations and their interaction with auxin but also by successive transfer of mother explants
for different passages, subculture of excised shoots on fresh medium and different medium composition. MS medium containing
2.22 μM BAP was found to be the best for shoot multiplication in a single step. After excision of newly formed shoots, mother
explants successively transferred to the same medium produced maximum shoots per explant after IV passage. Further enhancement
in morphogenetic response occurred when excised shoot clumps (2–3 shoots) were subcultured on MS medium supplemented with
2.22 μM BAP, 1.16 μM Kn and 0.57 μM IAA. Half-strength MS medium supplemented with 24.60 μM IBA and 100 mg l−1 AC was most effective for rooting of the shoots. To reduce labor, cost and time, an experiment on ex vitro rooting was also
carried out and it was observed that highest percent shoots rooted ex vitro when treated with 2,460 μM IBA for 5 min. Plantlets
rooted in vitro as well as ex vitro were acclimatized successfully under the green house conditions. In comparison to plantlets
developed from in vitro rooted, percent survival of plants those rooted ex vitro was significantly higher. Use of ex vitro
rooting technique for plant production serves as a more economical option; therefore, present method can be used for large-scale
commercial production of this medicinally important tree. 相似文献
10.
Summary An in vitro method for cloning and mass multiplication of Maytenus emarginata, a highly drought resistant tree of the Indian Desert, has been developed. Shoot segments harvested from a plus tree (30-year-old) were cultured to produce multiple shoots (10–15 shoots/explant) on MS medium containing 0.1 mgl–1 IAA and 2.5mgl–1 BAP. In vitro produced shoots were cut into segments and cultured on shoot proliferation medium but with only 1.0 mgl–1 of BAP to further multiply the shoots. Isolated individual shoots were cultured on a filter paper bridge in half strength MS liquid medium containing 25 mgl–1 of IBA for 72 h in the dark at 28±20 C for induction of root(s). About 70–80 percent of shoots rooted. The treelets developed were hardened and transferred to pots. Around 20,000 plants can be obtained from a single explant within a period of 6 months. The protocol is highly reproducible and efficient.Abbreviations IAA
indole-3-acetic acid
- IBA
indole-3-butyric acid
- NAA
-naphthalene acetic acid
- NOA
-naphthoxy acetic acid
- BAP
6-benzylaminopurine
- Kn
6-furfurylaminopurine
- B5
Gamborg et al. (1968) medium
- MS
Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium 相似文献
11.
M. F. Coumans-Gilles Cl. Kevers M. Coumans E. Ceulemans Th. Gaspar 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》1981,1(1):93-101
In vitro vegetative multiplication of sugarbeet was obtained by culturing of inflorescence explants. Subapical segments or
5-mm-long tips from nine varieties developed axillary shoots (up to 50 per tip) on a medium containing indolebutyric acid
(IBA) and benzylaminopurine (BAP). Zeatin was ineffective as cytokinin. Gibberellic acid (GA3) enhanced the process. Such vegetative shoots were subsequently isolated and were each allowed to develop up to 20 supplementary
axillary shoots on a multiplication medium containing IBA, BAP, and naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Rooting of shoots was obtained
in the absence of growth regulators and plants were established. 相似文献
12.
Kyungchul Han 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》1994,30(2):108-112
Summary An efficient and reproducible protocol has been developed for in vitro shoot regeneration from cotyledonary explants derived
by germinating immature ovules ofImpatiens platypetala Lindl. ‘TR6-27-2’. Cotyledonary explants were cultured on a modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) agar-solidified
medium containing 7.5g · liter−1 sucrose, 22.2µ M N6-benzyladenine (BA), and 0.54µM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). The induction of organogenic tissues occurred after 6 to 8 wk in culture. Exogenous auxin and
cytokinin were essential for the induction of organogenic tissues and survival of explants, and BA was most effective for
the induction of organogenic tissues, compared with other cytokinins tested. The addition of glutamine (500 mg · liter−1) was also important for growth of organogenic tissues after induction and for reducing explant death during culture. The
induction of organogenic tissue was also influenced by the type of cotyledon cultured and the age of the donor seedlings.
On average, eight shoots per explant were induced from organogenic tissues larger than 0.5 cm in diameter 6 to 8 wk after
transfer to a modified MS agar-solidified medium without NAA and BA reduced to 4.44µM. Shoots longer than 0.5 cm in length were successfully rooted 2 to 4 wk after transfer to a basal MS medium containing 30g · liter−1 sucrose. 相似文献
13.
Sarvesh Adda T. P. Reddy P. B. Kavi Kishor 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》1994,30(2):104-107
Summary Induction of somatic embryogenesis, shoot organogenesis, and subsequent plant regeneration in niger seem to be dependent on
genotype, choice of explant, and composition of media growth regulators. Two distinct regeneration protocols have been developed
for somatic embryogenesis and shoot organogenesis. Somatic embryogenesis was induced from epicotyls and cotyledonary explants
(9 to 35%) (but not from hypocotyls and roots) in presence of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic
acid, and 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxypropionic acid. These embryos matured in MS medium containing Kinetin plus naphthalene acetic
acid (NAA), Kinetin plus Zeatin, and Kinetin plus abscisic acid (ABA). Matured embryos could be germinated on LS and MS basal
media without hormones. Non-embryogenic callus initiated on Linsmaier and Skoog’s (LS) medium from cotyledons of six
different genotypes produced shoots (9 to 32%) on Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium fortified with 6-benzylaminopurine
(BAP, 0.5 mg · liter−1), and BAP (1 mg · liter−1) plus NAA (0.1 mg · liter−1). These shoots were rooted with 100% frequency by using indole-3-acetic acid or NAA and transferred successfully to the soil. 相似文献
14.
Callus cultures of Prosopis tamarugo Phil (Leguminosae, Sub family-Mimosoideae) were established from hypocotyls and cotyledons on MS medium supplemented with NAA (2.0 mg l-1) and BAP (0.2 mg l-1). Regeneration through various juvenile explants was obtained on hormone-free and high cytokinin containing Murashige and Skoog's medium. Multiple shoot buds formation was observed from the embryonic axis on MS medium incorporated with BAP (5.0 mg l-1)). Elongation of shoot buds was observed on subsequent transfer to MS medium with BAP (1.0–2.5 mg l-1) or without BAP. Explants containing apical meristem showed higher number of shoot formation at an early period. De novo shoot buds formation through callus morphogenesis was observed at the base of differentiated shoots on high cytokinin containing medium. All the manipulations of salt strength of MS, nitrogen, carbon, ascorbic acid and polyamines failed to induce organogenesis in isolated callus. In vitro produced shoots were rooted on MS medium supplemented with IBA or NAA singly or in combination.Abbreviations HC
high cytokinin (BAP 5.0 mg l-1)
- BAP
6-benzyl amino purine
- IBA
indole-3-butyric acid
- HF
hormone free
- NAA
I-naphthalene acetic acid
- MS
Murashige & Skoog 相似文献
15.
V. Ravishankar Rai 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2002,38(4):347-351
Summary
Nothapodytes foetida (Wight) is a small evergreen tree and the extract from this tree is used to make the antileukaemia and antitumoral compound
camptothecin. Due to exploitation of this resource, efficient methods for rapid propagation of N. foetida are highly desirable. Multiple shoots were induced on hypocotyl segments of 20–25-d-old seedlings of N. foetida cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of cytokinins. The
highest shoot multiplication was achieved on MS medium containing thidiazuron (TDZ) at the concentration of 2.2 μM. Inhibition of shoot elongation by TDZ was overcome by transferring shoot cultures to medium containing 2.2 μM benzylaminopurine which produced healthy shoots after three additional subcultures. The production of shoots was further
promoted by repeated subculturing of original explants on fresh multiplication medium after each harvesting of the newly formed
shoots. In vitro rooting was best induced (87%) in shoots excised from proliferated shoot cultures on one-fourth MS medium augmented with
5.7 μM indole-3-acetic acid and 2.4 μM indolebutryic acid (IBA). In vitro-developed shoots were also rooted ex vitro by dipping in 49 μM IBA for 10 min. In vitro- and ex vitro-rooted plants were successfully acclimatized and established in greenhouse conditions. 相似文献
16.
A protocol for multiple shoot induction from cotyledonary node explants of Terminalia chebula Retz. has been developed. Germination frequency of embryos (up to 100 %) was obtained on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.5 mg dm–3 gibberellic acid (GA3). Maximum number of shoots (6.4 shoots per cotyledonary node) was obtained on half-strength MS + 0.3 mg dm–3 GA3+ 1.0 mg dm–3 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) + 10.0 mg dm–3 benzylaminopurine (BAP) after 4 weeks of culture. When the cotyledonary nodes along with the axillary shoot buds were allowed to grow in the same medium upto 19.2 shoots were obtained after 8 – 9 weeks. Best rooting (100 %, 5.5 roots per shoot) was observed when shoots were excised and transferred to half-strength MS medium containing 1.0 mg dm–3 IBA + 1 % mannitol and 1.5 % sucrose. Survival of rooted plants in vivo was low (35 – 40 %) when they were directly transferred to soil in glasshouse. However, transfer to soil with MS nutrients and 1.0 mg dm–3 IBA in culture room for a minimum duration of 2 weeks increased the survival percentage of plants to 100 %. 相似文献
17.
Cao Dinh Hung Krystyna Johnson Fraser Torpy 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》2006,42(6):548-552
Summary An efficient protocol for in vitro propagation of the valuable medicinal plant, Wasabia japonica (Miq.) Matsumura is described through shoot tip proliferation and direct regeneration. Multiple shoots were induced from
shoort tips cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) semi-solid medium containing various concentrations (0.5–50 μM) of N6-benzyladenine (BA), thidiazuron, kinetin, and zeatin. A comparison was made on shoot multiplication between semi-solid and
liquid culture media. Well-developed shoots were obtained using full-strength MS semi-solid medium containing 5.0 μM BA. However, the greatest shoot proliferation was achieved on either full- or half-strength MS liquid media supplemented
with 5.0 μM BA for 4 wk (15.3±0.9 and 15.0±0.7 shoots per explant, respectively), and on half-strength MS liquid medium for 6 wk (25.8±1.3
shoots per explant) in culture. In contrast, the maximum number of shoots per explant on full-strength MS semi-solid medium
was achieved with either 5.0 μM BA (10.4±0.6 shoots per explant) or 10.0 μM kinetin (10.9±0.8 shoots per explant). Fresh weight of explants and length of shoots derived from full-strength MS liquid
medium (1055±77 mg and 34.2±1.0 mm, respectively) were significantly higher than those derived from full-strength MS semisolid
medium (437.6±17.3 mg and 15.4±0.7 mm, respectively). Quarter-strength MS liquid medium had no significant difference in shoot
proliferation when compared to quarter-strength MS semi-solid medium. Elongated shoots were separated and rooted on half-strength
MS semi-solid media fortified with 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), or indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)
ranging from 0.1 to 10.0 μM. Root formation was greatest with IBA when compared with IAA and NAA. One hundred percent of shoots were rooted on half-strength
MS medium with 5.0 μM IBA, while vigorous roots were obtained with 10.0 μM IBA. Micropropagated plantlets were successfully established in soil with 95% survival rate after heardening. 相似文献
18.
An efficient clonal multiplication system was developed for in vitro propagation of crocin — producing Gardenia jasminoides Ellis plants. Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium containing 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP 1 mg l–1) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA 1 mg l–1) resulted in multiple shoot initiation at the rate of 21 shoots per explant in 60 d of culture. Transfer of the microshoots into liquid MS medium supplemented with BAP (5 mg l–1) with two subcultures of 15 d duration in the same medium resulted in 400 ± 25 shoots per explant. Efficient rooting was achieved in MS medium supplemented with -naphthaleneacetic acid (5 mg l–1). The in vitro raised plants were hardened in a greenhouse and transplanted to the field successfully. The method described will be useful for rapid multiplication of Gardenia for commercial exploitation.Abbreviations MS
Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium
- BAP
6-benzylaminopurine
- Kn
kinetin
- 2ip
6-(,-dimethylallylamino)purine
- NAA
-naphthalene- acetic acid
- IBA
indole-3-butyric acid
- IAA
indole-3-acetic acid 相似文献
19.
Summary Rose (Rose hybrida L.) plants were micropropagated by axillary shoot proliferation method. Maximum number of microshoots per shoot tip explant
were obtained on MS medium supplemented with 5 to 10µM thidiazuron (TDZ). The microshoots formed rooted plants on MS hormone-free medium. No difference in the rooting of microshoots
produced on medium containing TDZ or N6-benzyladenine was observed. The regenerated plants were successfully transplanted to the field and appeared similar to the
parent plant in morphologic features. 相似文献
20.
Murashige and Skoog's medium with 2, 4-D and kinetin induced callus in the shoot segments of Asparagus racemosus. Regeneration of shoot buds and clonal multiplication of excised shoots through proliferation of nodal buds could be achieved by the use of IAA and BAP in the medium. Rooting was achieved with half strength MS basal medium plus IBA. Complete plants with cladode, crown and root systems were developed in hormone free medium. The plants were successfully transferred to soil. 相似文献