江西上三叠统安源组叶肢介一新属*

香溪叶肢介亚科(Xiangxiellinae)以壳瓣胎壳较大、壳上具有一条或两条短脊为特征,包括两个属:原单脊叶肢介属(ProtomonocarinaTasch,1962)和香溪叶肢介属(XiangxiellaShen,1976)。该亚科化石广布于世界各地,最早出现于我国晚石炭世,三叠纪末消失。本文建立的新属叉脊叶肢介(Dicerestheriagen.nov.),以胎壳上具有两条呈“人”字形向前后分叉的、粗壮的短脊为特征,与香溪叶肢介的构造特征最为接近。推测新属壳瓣胎壳脊的形成与闭壳肌附着引起的壳瓣变异或与生态环境变化有关。化石产于江西抚州崇礼县礼陂煤矿,上三叠统安源组徐坊段。湘赣一带安源组为一套含煤地层,属于滨海、近海、沼泽沉积区,产半咸水类型的双壳类,时代认为卡尼及早诺利期。植物化石Ptiozamites–Anthrophyopsis组合是诺利期的代表,适宜于热带、亚热带气候,滨海环境生长的群落。因此推测新属是一个生活在炎热、潮湿的热带-亚热带气候近海沼泽环境的类型。     

论非洲叶肢介科的分类

叶肢介化石生长线下缘锯齿状构造曾作为非洲叶肢介科(Afrograptidae)分类的主要特征,通过扫描图像,从比较解剖学研究入手,揭示了现生与化石叶肢介壳瓣的锯齿构造是由于分布于生长线的一排刚毛,基部关节脱落而形成的;分析了生长线刚毛的形态是属于长针形的轴刚毛,主要司触角功能;在5科18属现生叶肢介中,至少3科7属32种具有生长线刚毛,22属化石叶肢介有锯齿构造;作者认为这一构造被视为非洲叶肢介科分类的主要依据是不合适的,壳瓣的放射褶或粗瘤构造在高级分类上更重要,进而对该科的含义进行了厘定;从壳瓣具有多条放射褶这一构造特征来看,它与小叶肢介超科(Estheriellioidea)的成员在发生关系上比较密切,小叶肢介超科可提升为亚目(Estheriellidea),包括小叶肢介超科和非洲叶肢介超科,是中生代初兴起的一个类群。在白垩纪中期消失。     

字母形叶肢介（Ipsilonia）在苏格兰泥盆系的发现

字母形叶肢介(Ipsilonia)是诺沃日洛夫(N. Novojilov, 1953)创立的1个属,壳瓣发育后期生长带前、后端在接近背缘时都反转向外弯曲,形如翼状,壳顶位于背缘中部,有18条生长带,整个壳瓣外形象1个斜放的希腊字母“ε”,形状非常特殊,模式种Ipsilonia auriculata Novojilov,1953产自苏联库尔斯克图里和布梁地区中泥盆世早吉维特期地层。此后,经过了35年,在世界各地均未再见报道。1988年,笔者之一应邀赴英国研究苏格兰西北部斯凯岛(Skye Island)上大河口群(The Great Estuarine Group)中侏罗世叶肢介动物群期间,曾两次去伦敦自然历史博物馆观摩150     

三饰叶肢介科(Triglyptidae fam.nov.)的建立及其在叶肢介演化、地层划分对比上的意义

自从Triglypta Wang(1984)属建立以来,在国内、外陆续发现了一个具有针孔状-小网状-线脊状三种装饰的叶肢介化石群。这个化石群的属种装饰揭示它们之间存在亲缘关系,为此建立三饰叶肢介科Triglyptidae fam.nov.。该化石新科在研究叶肢介的系统演化和地层划分对比等方面都具有重要的意义。     

江西晚三叠世安源叶肢介属重要分类学特征的发现（英文）

通过扫描电镜重新研究产自江西省萍乡市安源镇三湾上三叠统安源群的近方形安源叶肢介(Anyuanestheria subquadrata Zhang and Chen in Zhang et al., 1976)的模式标本。电镜照相揭示了光学照相无法分辨的重要分类学新特征,其中包括壳瓣背部生长带上的多边形中–大网装饰,以及腹部生长带上的两种装饰类型:每条生长带上部为稀疏纤细的线脊装饰,每条生长带下部中–大网装饰装饰。网状装饰的特征是网壁纤细,网底平浅,印在外膜上表现为彼此濒临的多边形平台。基于以上观察,本文重新修订了安源叶肢介属壳面装饰特征。     

西藏南部聂拉木地区晚泥盆世—早石炭世的介形类

本文系统描述西藏南部聂拉木地区晚泥盆世–早石炭世介形类共计15属24种。根据介形类的组合面貌及孢子、牙形刺的研究结果推断,亚里剖面上的亚里组时代为晚泥盆世–早石炭世,泥盆系-石炭系界线(D-CB)大致位于亚里东沟段顶部至沟陇日段。亚里组产出的介形类生态组合属于光滑速足目集群或艾菲尔生态型,指示亚里组在沉积时为远岸浅水沉积环境,且在上部腊扎蒲段水深变浅。亚里组介形类面貌与华南泥盆纪介形类相似程度高,与俄罗斯和欧美地区也有相似的属种,说明泥盆纪-石炭纪之交介形类的地理隔离并不显著,在各个板块之间有属种交流的可能。     

论中国叶肢介科(Sinoestheriidae Chen and Shen,1982)的分类

中国叶肢介科的成员以个体大,生长线粗凸,其上有一排圆瘤,最后几条生长线在后背缘微微反弯曲,生长带宽而平,发育有大网状或线脊状装饰为特征。其个体之大,是叶肢介动物群中的佼佼者。该科原包括4属:Sinoestheria Chang,1957,Ganestheria Bi and Xie,1982,Stanleyviella Chen and Shen,1982及Sentestheria Wang,1981。通过对分类依据及构造特征的厘定,认为Sentestheria应划归于Nestoriidae。新建立2个属:Wanestheria(安徽叶肢介)及Brazilestheria(巴西叶肢介)。该科的地质历程较短,分布于晚侏罗世(Kimmeridgian)至晚白垩世(Coniacian-Santonian)。目前只见于中国、非洲及巴西。本文讨论该科与其它古似渔乡叶肢介类的关系。根据保存十分完好的Ganestheria的标本,对该属具有加厚的脊状背缘及背缘刺的特征做重要补充。     

从叶肢介的古生态看广东东江西江起源

小小的叶肢介属节肢动物门内鳃足亚纲。此亚纲多由个体大小不足５毫米虫体组成。其中有个介甲目 ,一般称叶肢介类（Ｅｓｔｈｅｒｉａｎｓ）。这类动物虫体两则披以对称的双瓣壳。壳内显示有节肢型的躯体 ,俗名叫“贝虾”。有如半透明的几个质双壳瓣包着个“水蛋”。虫体分头、胸腹、尾。眼在头的中央 ,胸腹部有施感觉的第一触觉及施行动的第二触觉。触觉与尾部之间有一排多列的附肢或游泳足、生殖肢。化石介壳一般长了３—８毫米 ,极少达２５—４０毫米。壳形状多为半圆形 ,椭圆形 ,卵形 ,近长方形等 ,是叶肢介分类依据之一。主要分类依据是…     

松辽盆地晚白垩世非洲叶肢介科两新属

描述了在松辽盆地西部泰康,富拉尔基,齐齐哈尔一带晚白垩世嫩江组发现的非洲叶肢介科２新属６新种,讨论了非洲叶肢介科的演化。     

我国冀北西瓜园组丰宁叶肢介模式种形态学再研究（英文）北大核心CSCD

通过扫描电镜重新研究产自冀北丰宁满族自治县花吉营下白垩统西瓜园组的花吉营丰宁叶肢介(Fengninggrapta huajiyingensis)的正型标本。电镜照相揭示以前光学照相无法分辨的重要分类特征,其中包括:1)胎壳附近窄生长带上的小到中网装饰和密而细的线脊夹小网装饰;2)胎壳附近生长线上的小网装饰;3)靠腹边缘生长带粗壮线脊下端向下接近生长线时膨胀变成三角形"滨生长线瘤"。从而修定丰宁叶肢介的特征描述。     

Crystal structure, detonation performance, and thermal stability of a new polynitro cage compound: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptacyclo [5.5.1.13, 11. 15, 9] pentadecane

A new polynitro cage compound 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15-nonaazaheptcyclo [5.5.1.1(3,11).1(5,9)] pentadecane (NNNAHP) was designed in the present work. Its molecular structure was optimized at the B3LYP/6-31 G(d,p) level of density functional theory (DFT) and crystal structure was predicted using the Compass and Dreiding force fields and refined by DFT GGA-RPBE method. The obtained crystal structure of NNNAHP belongs to the P-1 space group and the lattice parameters are a = 9.99 ?, b = 10.78 ?, c = 9.99 ?, α = 90.01°, β = 120.01°, γ = 90.00°, and Z = 2, respectively. Based on the optimized crystal structure, the band gap, density of state, thermodynamic properties, infrared spectrum, strain energy, detonation characteristics, and thermal stability were predicted. Calculation results show that NNNAHP has detonation properties close to those of CL-20 and is a high energy density compound with moderate stability.     

Distribution of N,P, K,Ca, Mg,S, Zn,Fe, Mn and Cu in groundnut

Summary Concentration of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S in summer groundnut crop was higher than in kharif while Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu contents were higher in summer crop. Kernel's N, P and Zn; Leaflet's Ca and Mn; Stem's K and Fe; Root's S and Cu and Petiole's Mg contents were highest. Shell's N, P, K, Mg, S, Zn and Cu; Kernel's Ca, Fe and Mn contents were the least. N, P, K, S, Zn and Cu concentrations decreased linearly as the crop grew. Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn concentrations did not display any distinct pattern. Ca concentration was positively correlated with pod yield in both the seasons.     

Simultaneous measurement of the trace elements Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum and their reference ranges by ICP-MS

The goal of this article was to establish reference ranges of the concentration of trace elements in human serum and to compare these results with those reported by other authors. We describe the sample preparation and measurement conditions that allow the rapid, precise, and accurate determination of Al, As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Se, Sr, and Zn in human serum samples (n=110) by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Accuracy and precision were determined by analyzing three reconstituted reference serum samples by comparison with other methods and by the standard addition procedure. The advantages of the ICP-MS method include short time of analysis of the elements mentioned, low detection limit, high precision, and high accuracy. Disadventages include a high risk of contamination due to the presence of some of the elements of interest in the environment, the relatively delicate sample handling, and the high cost of the equipment.     

Reference values for the concentrations of As,Cd, Co,Cr, Cu,Fe, I,Hg, Mn,Mo, Ni,Pb, Se,and Zn in selected human tissues and body fluids

This report attempts to formulate reference ranges of elemental concentrations for 15 trace elements in selected human tissues and body fluids. A set of samples consisting of whole blood, blood serum, urine, milk, liver, and hair were chosen and considered for 15 elements of biological significance: As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, F, Fe, I, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn. The results represent wholly or partially data received from 40 countries of the global regions of Africa, Asia, Europe, North, South, and Central America, Australia, and New Zealand. This survey, even if qualitative, has been useful in demonstrating certain trends of trace-element scenarios around the world. It is of course recognized that both diet and environment exert a strong influence on the distribution pattern of several elements, such as As, Cd, Mn, Pb, Se, and Zn. A limited comparison of the available information on soil status of different countries reflected some interesting associations for elements, such as Mn and Zn. Importantly, this study revealed that only a few countries were in a position to identify a reasonable amount of data on samples requested for this project. Regretably, for a number of countries, any dependable data for even such essential elements as Cu, Fe, and Zn were not available. In view of the nutritional importance of many elements, the time is ripe for concerted efforts by intergovernmental agencies to initiate investigations or commission task forces/projects to generate reliable reference data for selected global regions, which sadly lack data of any kind at present.     

Relations of the Al,B, Ba,Br, Ca,Cl, Cu,Fe, K,Li, Mg,Mn, Na,P, S,Si, Sr,and Zn mass fractions to morphometric parameters in pediatric and nonhyperplastic young adult prostate glands

The variation with age of the 18 trace element mass fractions and some histological characteristics of intact prostate glands of 50 subjects aged 0–30 years was investigated by instrumental neutron activation analysis, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, and a quantitative morphometric analysis. Mean values ± standard error of the mean (M ± SΕΜ) for the mass fractions (in milligrams per kilogram wet tissue) of these trace elements in pre-puberty were: Al 28.5 ± 9.0, B 0.40 ± 0.11, Ba 1.48 ± 0.44, Br 10.5 ± 1.5, Ca 241 ± 30, Cl 3,203 ± 278, Cu 3.51 ± 0.89, Fe 33.7 ± 4.1, K 2,364 ± 145, Li 0.020 ± 0.004, Mg 153 ± 23, Mn 0.46 ± 0.06, Na 2,286 ± 130, P 1,391 ± 100, S 1,698 ± 132, Si 62 ± 11, Sr 0.38 ± 0.08, and Zn 27.6 ± 2.3. During puberty and postpuberty, when there is a significant increase in circulating androgens, the mean values were: Al 7.2 ± 1.4, B 0.21 ± 0.05, Ba 0.25 ± 0.06, Br 5.8 ± 1.0, Ca 433 ± 81, Cl 2,314 ± 201, Cu 1.77 ± 0.13, Fe 20.9 ± 1.6, K 2,585 ± 118, Li 0.0088 ± 0.0014, Mg 232 ± 27, Mn 0.34 ± 0.04, Na 1,875 ± 107, P 1,403 ± 98, S 1,673 ± 73, Si 22.2 ± 3.1, Sr 0.22 ± 0.03, and Zn 93.3 ± 8.9. Mean values (M ± SΕΜ) of percent volumes (%) of the stroma, epithelium and lumen in the prostate before puberty were 73.4 ± 2.6, 20.4 ± 1.7, and 4.45 ± 0.94, respectively, versus 46.5 ± 2.5, 38.5 ± 1.9, and 14.9 ± 1.2 during puberty and postpuberty. This work’s results confirm that the Zn mass fraction in prostate tissue is an androgen-dependent parameter. For the first time it has been demonstrated that the glandular lumen is a main pool of Ca, Mg, and Zn accumulation and that the stroma is a main pool of Al, B, Ba, Br, Cl, Cu, Fe, Mn, Na, and Si accumulation in the normal human prostate, for the age range 0–30 years. It was concluded that the Ca, Mg, and Zn binds tightly within the prostatic fluid, because the volume of glandular lumen reflects the volume of prostatic fluid.     

The Effect of Age and Gender on Al, B, Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, Sr, V, and Zn Contents in Rib Bone of Healthy Humans

The effect of age and gender on major, minor, and trace element contents in the intact rib bone of 80 relatively healthy 15–55-year-old women and men was investigated. Contents or upper limit of contents of 16 chemical elements in the rib bone were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Mean values (M?±?SΕΜ) for the mass fraction of Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Na, P, S, Sr, and Zn (milligram per kilogram of dry bone) were as follows: 2.54?±?0.16, 171,400?±?4,050, 1.35?±?0.22, 140?±?11, 1,874?±?71, 0.049?±?0.011, 2,139?±?38, 5,378?±?88, 75,140?±?1,660, 1,881?±?51, 291?±?20, and 92.8?±?1.5, respectively. The upper limits of contents of Al, B, Mn, and V were <7.20, <0.65, <0.36, and <0.03, respectively. Statistically significant tendency for the Ca, Mg, and P content to decrease with age was found in the human rib bone, regardless of gender. The mass fraction of Fe in the male rib bone increases with age. It was shown that higher Ca, Mg, Na, P, and Sr mass fractions as well as lower Fe content were typical of female ribs as compared to those in male ribs.     

Potential Compounds for Oral Cancer Treatment: Resveratrol,Nimbolide, Lovastatin,Bortezomib, Vorinostat,Berberine, Pterostilbene,Deguelin, Andrographolide,and Colchicine

Oral cancer is one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths in South-Asian countries. There are very limited treatment options available for oral cancer. Research endeavors focused on discovery and development of novel therapies for oral cancer, is necessary to control the ever rising oral cancer related mortalities. We mined the large pool of compounds from the publicly available compound databases, to identify potential therapeutic compounds for oral cancer. Over 84 million compounds were screened for the possible anti-cancer activity by custom build SVM classifier. The molecular targets of the predicted anti-cancer compounds were mined from reliable sources like experimental bioassays studies associated with the compound, and from protein-compound interaction databases. Therapeutic compounds from DrugBank, and a list of natural anti-cancer compounds derived from literature mining of published studies, were used for building partial least squares regression model. The regression model thus built, was used for the estimation of oral cancer specific weights based on the molecular targets. These weights were used to compute scores for screening the predicted anti-cancer compounds for their potential to treat oral cancer. The list of potential compounds was annotated with corresponding physicochemical properties, cancer specific bioactivity evidences, and literature evidences. In all, 288 compounds with the potential to treat oral cancer were identified in the current study. The majority of the compounds in this list are natural products, which are well-tolerated and have minimal side-effects compared to the synthetic counterparts. Some of the potential therapeutic compounds identified in the current study are resveratrol, nimbolide, lovastatin, bortezomib, vorinostat, berberine, pterostilbene, deguelin, andrographolide, and colchicine.