磁处理党参药液对小鼠血液生理功能影响的研究

目的:观察小白鼠饮食磁处理党参药液后对血液功能的影响。方法:用血球计数仪测定白细胞数(WBC)、红细胞数(RBC)、血红蛋白浓度(HGB)及血小板数(PLT) ,采用比较法比较正常对照组、非磁处理党参药液组与磁处理党参药液组对小白鼠血液功能的影响。结果:与正常对照组比较,磁处理党参药液组白细胞数差异不显著(p >0 .0 5 ) ,红细胞数、血红蛋白浓度显著提高,差异极显著(p <0 .0 1) ,血小板数0 .2 5T药液组达差异显著(p <0 .0 5 ) ,0 .1T药液组差异不显著;与非磁处理药液组比较,磁处理党参药液组白细胞数差异不显著(p >0 .0 5 ) ,而红细胞数、血红蛋白浓度及0 .2 5T血小板数均有提高,差异极显著(p <0 .0 1) ,0 .1T药液组血小板数差异不显著(p >0 .0 5 )。结论:磁处理党参药液对血细胞数变化有明显作用。     

假单胞菌对鳜鱼血液指标的影响

用假单胞菌接种健康鳜鱼引起发病,然后对发病鳜鱼进行红细胞、白细胞、血栓细胞计数;血涂片染色鉴别淋巴细胞、单核细胞、嗜中性粒细胞并分类计数;测定血红蛋白值及红细胞渗透脆性值并与对照组相应指标进行比较。结果表明:假单胞菌可引起鳜鱼的红细胞总数、小淋巴细胞和血红蛋白值下降,且与对照组相比,前两者存在极显著差异(p<0.01),后者存在显著差异(p<0.05);而白细胞总数显著增加(p<0.05);嗜中性粒细胞、单核细胞极显著增加(p<0.01);血栓细胞、大淋巴细胞和红细胞渗透脆性值变化不大。     

土壤-植物下垫面对微生态环境的影响

综述了土壤植物下垫面对辐射平衡、热量条件、土壤侵蚀、土壤肥力、光能利用率等微生态环境的影响．结果表明,有植被下垫面的反射率、有效辐射、土壤热通量的日变幅和感热通量均小于荒坡裸地;坡地植草和减少翻耕次数有利于水土保持;下垫面栽种牧草可提高土壤肥力和光能利用率．这对合理开发和利用土地资源具有一定的参考价值     

下垫面性状对农林系统微生态环境的影响

在实地观测的基础上,分析了不同下垫面性状对农林系统微生态环境的影响,结果表明,冬季覆盖有利于提高农林系统的土壤温度,减轻冻害,春季桃园套种黑麦草可减缓土壤和近地气层的温度波动;新垦桔园套种有利于减少土壤流失,如黑麦草套种区平均土壤侵蚀量是自然裸露区的１４．７％,并提高光能利用率０．８２％￣１．０２％,成龄桔园合理套种不仅提高光能利用率,改善土壤肥力,而且使柑桔产量提高了４６．８８％。     

肺结核患者血细胞结果特点分析

目的:为肺结核的诊断及观察预后提出新的思路。方法:对新住院肺结核患者的血常规标本400份及以上患者出院前血常规标本400份,使用MEK-6318K血细胞分析仪检测分析。结果:新住院400例肺结核患者中血小板计数>300×109/L的92例,占23%。92例血小板计数升高的患者中,除9例贫血患者外,83例患者中红细胞计数和血红蛋白量都不低于参考值,但红细胞计数和血红蛋白量呈现不一致性,即针对血红蛋白量而红细胞计数偏高,体现出小红细胞少量增多,这种情况在83例中所占比例为86%。出院前400例肺结核患者血小板计数>300×109/L的5例,占1.2%。结论:由于肺结核患者大多数伴有营养不良,导致造血系统功能障碍,导致小红细胞少量增多,增多的小红细胞被血细胞分析仪计数到血小板计数里,导致血小板计数偏高。这个指标在肺结核诊断中意义很大,为肺结核的诊断探索出新的思路。     

微生态制剂益康口服液对老年大鼠血液流变学的影响

目的：研究微生态制剂益康口服液(由双歧杆菌、乳酸链球菌与中药人参、茯苓、黄芪等药物组成)对老年大鼠血液流变学的影响。方法：大鼠按鼠龄、体重随机分为7组,每组10只(除青年组外其余各组均采用鼠龄24个月大鼠)：(1)青年组、(2)老年组、(3)抗老延年丸组、(4)复方丹参片组、(5)益康口服液I组、(6)益康口服液Ⅱ组、(7)益康口服液Ⅲ组。连续ig 14d,每日1次,在第14天ig 30min后,取颈动脉血进行血液流变学测试。资料结果采用student—t检验。结果：益康口服液能够降低老年大鼠全血与血浆粘度,增强红细胞的变形性,降低红细胞的聚集性。结论：益康口服液可以改善老年大鼠的血液流变性,通过活血化瘀改善循环延缓衰老。     

不同血液检验指标在冠心病患者中的检测分析

目的总结分析不同血液检验指标对冠心病患者的影响。方法选择我院2014年2月~2015年2月收治的76例冠心病患者作为研究对象,按疾病类型分为观察A组(心绞痛)41例,观察B组(急性心肌梗死)35例,同时选取同期健康体检者38例进行对比观察(对照组),分别对3组的红细胞分布宽度及血小板参数、心肌肌钙蛋白各项参数及肌酸激酶同工酶数值进行检测分析。结果观察A、B组的红细胞分布宽度分别为(13.59±0.61)%和(14.19±0.69)%,与对照组的(12.93±0.57)%比较,差异具有统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论不同的血液检验指标对冠心病患者的诊断更具针对性,可为临床诊疗提供依据。     

四眼斑龟的血细胞形态及血液检验分析

研究了四眼斑龟(Sacaliaquadriocellata)的血细胞形态学特征,对不同季节四眼斑龟血细胞数量和形态大小进行分析,结果表明,在繁殖期红细胞数为(4650±564)×1010L,是非繁殖期(2324±216)×1010L的两倍(P<001,n=8);白细胞数为(243±036)×1010L,与非繁殖期的没有显著差异。血细胞形态随季节而变化,温度升高,血细胞体积增大,且凝血时间缩短。     

重组白介素2对红鳍东方鲀的血液生化指标及免疫指标的影响

为研究重组白介素2(Recombinant interleukin-2,r IL-2)对红鳍东方鲀(Takifugu rubripes)血液生化指标及免疫指标的影响,选用体重为(205.9±30.5)g的红鳍东方鲀进行了重组白介素2的免疫应答实验。设计r IL-2免疫剂量为2.5、5、7.5、10μg,并在免疫后的4 h、8 h和12 h进行采血。结果表明:经r IL-2免疫后红鳍东方鲀血清中尿素氮含量在各个浓度组的8 h时间点显著高于同组内其它时间点(P<0.05),4 h时间点甘油三酯含量有随着免疫浓度增加而增加的趋势,谷草转氨酶活性在8 h时间点要显著高于其他时间点(P<0.05),2.5μg、5μg浓度组过氧化氢酶的活性在4 h时间点显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),对免疫球蛋白的含量也有显著影响。本研究发现,r IL-2的免疫可引起血液生化指标和免疫指标的变化,尤其是超氧化物歧化酶和谷草转氨酶的变化较为显著(P<0.05),可在一定程度上促进红鳍东方鲀的免疫反应。     

大熊猫血液生理指标的测定

大熊猫(Aluropoda melanoleuca)是举世瞩目的珍稀濒危动物,被誉为中国的国宝,越来越受到国内外各界人士的喜爱和重视。关于大熊猫的血液生理生化指标资料已有较多报道。Chen(1987)对6只大熊猫,王强等(1998)对18只大熊猫,     

Pre-analytical factors affecting the results of laboratory blood analyses in farm animal veterinary diagnostics

The quality of the laboratory diagnostic approach in farm animals can be severely affected by pre-analytical factors of variation. They induce increase/decrease of biochemical and hematological analyte concentrations and, as a consequence, they may cause unsuitable conclusions and decisions for animal health management and research projects. The pre-analytical period covers the preparation of sampling, the sampling procedure itself, as well as all specimen handling until the beginning of the specific laboratory analysis. Pre-analytical factors may have either an animal-related or a technique-related background. Animal-related factors cover daytime/season, meals/fasting, age, gender, altitude, drugs/anesthesia, physical exercise/stress or coinfection. Technique-related factors are the choice of the tube including serum v. plasma, effects of anticoagulants/gel separators, the anticoagulant/blood ratio, the blood collection procedure itself, specimen handling, contamination, labeling, storage and serum/plasma separation, transportation of the specimen, as well as sample preparation before analysis in the laboratory. It is essential to have proper knowledge about the importance and source of pre-analytical factors to alter the entire diagnostic process. Utmost efforts should be made to minimize controllable factors. Analytical results have to be evaluated with care considering that pre-analytical factors of variation are possible causes of misinterpretation.     

The role of tumour microenvironment: a new vision for cholangiocarcinoma

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a relatively rare malignant and lethal tumour derived from bile duct epithelium and the morbidity is now increasing worldwide. This disease is difficult to diagnose at its inchoate stage and has poor prognosis. Therefore, a clear understanding of pathogenesis and major influencing factors is the key to develop effective therapeutic methods for CCA. In previous studies, canonical correlation analysis has demonstrated that tumour microenvironment plays an intricate role in the progression of various types of cancers including CCA. CCA tumour microenvironment is a dynamic environment consisting of authoritative tumour stromal cells and extracellular matrix where tumour stromal cells and cancer cells can thrive. CCA stromal cells include immune and non‐immune cells, such as inflammatory cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and macrophages. Likewise, CCA tumour microenvironment contains abundant proliferative factors and can significantly impact the behaviour of cancer cells. Through abominably intricate interactions with CCA cells, CCA tumour microenvironment plays an important role in promoting tumour proliferation, accelerating neovascularization, facilitating tumour invasion, and preventing tumour cells from organismal immune reactions and apoptosis. This review summarizes the recent research progress regarding the connection between tumour behaviours and tumour stromal cells in CCA, as well as the mechanism underlying the effect of tumour stromal cells on the growth of CCA. A thorough understanding of the relationship between CCA and tumour stromal cells can shed some light on the development of new therapeutic methods for treating CCA.     

酸碱微环境对三种黄瓜主要真菌病原菌的影响

以引起黄瓜灰霉病(Botrytis cinerea)、黑星病(Cladosporium cucumerium)、霜霉病(Pseudoperonospora cubensis)的3种真菌病害病原菌为代表,通过对病菌栖息微环境酸碱度的调节,达到控制病害的目的。研究看出,黄瓜的3种主要病害病原菌在p H=3.4～10 .4间孢子萌发和致病力表现基本一致:偏酸性环境(p H=4 .2～6 .2 )促进孢子萌发率和致病力增强而偏碱性环境(p H=7.5～10 .4 )则对其明显抑制;降低叶面微环境的酸度,大大减轻了病害的发生、扩展,特别是对黄瓜灰霉病菌的防治有明显效果     

The hypoxic microenvironment: A determinant of cancer stem cell evolution

Tumors are often viewed as unique entities with specific behaviors. However, tumors are a mixture of differentially evolved subpopulations of cells in constant Darwinian evolution, selecting the fittest clone and allowing it to outgrow the rest. As in the natural environment, the niche defines the properties the fittest clones must possess. Therefore, there can be multiple fit clones because of the various microenvironments inside a single tumor. Hypoxia is considered to be a major feature of the tumor microenvironment and is a potential contributor to the cancer stem cell (CSC) phenotype and its enhanced tumorigenicity. The acidic microenvironment around hypoxic cells is accompanied by the activation of a subset of proteases that contribute to metastasis. Because of aberrant angiogenesis and the inaccessibility of their locations, hypoxic cells are less likely to accumulate therapeutic concentrations of chemotherapeutics that can lead to therapeutic resistance. Therefore, the targeting of the hypoxic CSC niche in combination with chemotherapy may provide a promising strategy for eradicating CSCs. In this review, we examine the cancer stem cell hypothesis and its relationship to the microenvironment, specifically to hypoxia and the subsequent metabolic switch and how they shape tumor behavior.     

The role of the organ microenvironment in the biology and therapy of cancer metastasis

By the time of diagnosis, primary neoplasms are biologically heterogeneous and contain subpopulations of cells with different metastatic potentials. The pathogenesis of a metastasis consists of many sequential steps that must be completed to produce clinically relevant lesions. During any of these steps, tumor cells interact with host factors in the microenvironment that the tumor cells can usurp. Treatment of metastasis can be directed against tumor cells and/or microenvironmental factors that support tumor growth, such as tumor-associated blood vessels.     

The tumor microenvironment: a critical determinant of neoplastic evolution

Evolution of neoplastic cells has generally been regarded as a cumulative intrinsic process resulting in altered cell characteristics enabling enhanced growth properties, evasion of apoptotic signals, unlimited replicative potential and gain of properties enabling the ability to thrive in ectopic tissues and in some cases, ability to metastasize. Recently however, the role of the neoplastic microenvironment has become appreciated largely due to the realization that tumors are not merely masses of neoplastic cells, but instead, are complex tissues composed of both a non-cellular (matrix proteins) and a cellular 'diploid' component (tumor-associated fibroblasts, capillary-associated cells and inflammatory cells), in addition to the ever-evolving neoplastic cells. With these realizations, it has become evident that early and persistent inflammatory responses observed in or around many solid tumors, play important roles in establishing an environment suitable for neoplastic progression by providing diverse factors that alter tissue homeostasis. Using cutaneous melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma as tumor models, we review the current literature focussing on inflammatory and tumor-associated fibroblast responses as critical mediators of neoplastic progression for these malignancies.     

圈养大熊猫生理和血液指标的季节变化

正大熊猫(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)的健康关系到整个大熊猫种群的发展。对大熊猫血液生理生化指标的监测可以反映其健康状况及食物营养的合理性,受大熊猫种群数量及采样方式等因素的限制,关于大熊猫血液生理生化指标的报道较为有限,且动物的来源及采血状态均有很大的差异,结果也存在较大差异(Chen,1987;王强等,1998;李光汉等,1999;罗娌等,2017)。研究表明,体况(董全等,1991)、年龄(Mainka,1995;李才武等,2012;罗娌等,2017)、性别(Mainka,1995;罗娌等,2017)、地域(余昌萌等,2019)等是影     

The immunosuppressive and pro-tumor functions of CCL18 at the tumor microenvironment

Chemokines are essential mediators of immune cell trafficking. In a tumor microenvironment context, chemotactic cytokines are known to regulate the migration, positioning and interaction of different cell subsets with both anti- and pro-tumor functions. Additionally, chemokines have critical roles regarding non-immune cells, highlighting their importance in tumor growth and progression.CCL18 is a primate-specific chemokine produced by macrophages and dendritic cells. This chemokine presents both constitutive and inducible expression. It is mainly associated with a tolerogenic response and involved in maintaining homeostasis of the immune system under physiological conditions. Recently, CCL18 has been noticed as an important component of the complex chemokine system involved in the biology of tumors. This chemokine induces T regulatory cell differentiation and recruitment to the tumor milieu, with subsequent induction of a pro-tumor (M2-like) macrophage phenotype. CCL18 is also directly involved in cancer cell-invasion, migration, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and angiogenesis stimulation, pinpointing an important role in the promotion of cancer progression. Interestingly, this chemokine is highly expressed in tumor tissues, particularly at the invasive front of more advanced stages (e.g. colorectal cancer), and high levels are detected in the serum of patients, correlating with poor prognosis.Despite the promising role of CCL18 as a biomarker and/or therapeutic target to hamper disease progression, its pleiotropic functions in a context of cancer are still poorly explored. The scarce knowledge concerning the receptors for this chemokine, together with the insufficient insight on the downstream signaling pathways, have impaired the selection of this molecule as an immediate target for translational research.In this Review, we will discuss recent findings concerning the role of CCL18 in cancer, integrate recently disclosed molecular mechanisms and compile data from current clinical studies.