体外反搏对犬冠状动脉及肠系劝脉外周压力的作用

本文通过监测犬冠状动脉及肠系膜动脉外周压力,发现体外反搏能明显地逐渐提高犬冠状动脉及肠系膜动脉的外周压力,反搏开始后即开始升高,     

β-肾上腺素能激动剂对犬冠状动脉节段阻力的影响

在麻醉开胸犬研究了冠状动脉内注入异丙肾上腺素对冠状动脉节段阻力的作用。冠状动脉内预先给心得宁2.5mg 以阻断心脏的β_1-肾上腺素能受体。冠状动脉左旋支恒流灌注,测量左旋支近端压及其远端小冠状动脉压,记录心电图。冠状动脉内给异丙肾上腺素后,冠状动脉左旋支总阻力及心肌内小冠状动脉阻力分别由4.54±0.77(M±SD)和4.20±0.75下降至3.95±0.69(P<0.05)和3.43±0.66mmHg·min/ml(P<0.05),而心外膜大冠状动脉阻力反趋增大,由0.35±0.11上升至0.53±0.34mmHg·min/ml(P>0.05)。实验证明,β-肾上腺素能活动时在体犬冠状血管的直接作用主要是舒张心肌内小冠状动脉,使其阻力显著减低,而心外膜大冠状动脉阻力趋向继发性增大。     

体外反搏机用心电和颞脉波发生器

以病员作为信号源对体外反搏装置的控制系统进行检测既不方便又不实际,本研究利用单片机模拟输出多种心电波形和反搏前、反搏中的颞脉波能解决此问题。实验表明研制出的体外反搏机用心电和颞脉波信号发生器运作良好,具有应用开发价值。     

lp-PLA2、RBP与冠心病病变程度相关性及其疾病诱发的危险因素分析

摘要 目的：研究脂蛋白磷脂酶A2（lp-PLA2）、视黄醇结合蛋白（RBP）与冠心病（CAD）病变程度的相关性及冠心病病变发生的危险因素。方法：以2019年12月至2021年12月在本院诊治的冠心病患者140例作为研究对象,所有患者均进行冠状动脉造影检查,并根据冠状动脉侧支循环形成情况进行分级。所有患者都给予血清lp-PLA2、RBP检测并进行相关性、危险因素分析。结果：在140例患者中,冠状动脉侧支循环未形成40例（对照组）,冠状动脉侧支循环形成100例（研究组）,研究组中Ⅰ级40例,Ⅱ级38例,Ⅲ级22例。研究组的血清lp-PLA2、RBP含量都高于对照组（P<0.05）;不同分级患者的血清lp-PLA2、RBP含量对比也有明显差异（P<0.05）。在冠心病患者中,Spearsman相关分析显示血清lp-PLA2、RBP含量与侧支循环形成分级存在正相关性（P<0.05）。logistic回归分析显示血清lp-PLA2、RBP含量均为影响冠心病患者侧支循环形成分级的危险因素（P<0.05）。ROC曲线分析显示血清lp-PLA2、RBP含量预测冠心病患者侧支循环分级的曲线下面积为0.891、0.805。结论：随着冠状动脉侧支循环形成,冠心病患者的血清lp-PLA2、RBP含量明显增加,lp-PLA2、RBP与侧支循环形成分级存在相关性,也是影响侧支循环分级的危险因素,也可预测侧支循环分级状况。     

侧支循环

早在十八世纪中叶,著名的苏格兰解剖学家、外科学家约翰·亨特(John Hunter),出于好奇心结扎了鹿头部一侧供血动脉——颈外动脉,结果他发现同侧的鹿角立刻变冷,可不久以后又恢复了正常而继续生长。为什么这只鹿角在切断了其原来的供血动脉的情况下还能生长呢?亨特经过细致检查后确定:是侧支循环(collateral circulation)起了代偿运血的作用。本文就侧支循环及其有关问题作一简介。什么是侧支循环由较大的血管干发出的并与其相伴而行的细小血管称为侧副支,它们之间的相互吻合称侧副吻合,当血管主干因某种原因发生狭窄或阻塞时,血流可经侧副吻合而达到阻塞段远侧端,这种代偿现象就叫侧支循环。关于这一定义,在我国目前的教科书中都基本类同。也就     

大鼠肠系膜动脉的立式包埋及内皮损伤的评估方法

目的建立一种新的小血管立式包埋方法,并通过对内皮损伤的定量分析来评估血管的功能。方法 (1)肠系膜动脉的分离:首先游离大肠小肠部分至体外,暴露出肠系膜动脉,随后用剪刀游离出带有少量组织的肠系膜动脉,最后在镜下剔除黏连组织;(2)肠系膜动脉的立式包埋;(3) HE染色、免疫荧光染色观察肠系膜动脉的结构和内皮损伤程度。结果大鼠肠系膜动脉立式包埋及血管内皮评估方法,能够快速、有效地得到良好形态的大鼠肠系膜动脉切片,并给出小血管病变的病理学研究方法。结论本方法能够降低病理切片的制作难度,为血管病变的研究提供了可借鉴的研究方法,可以进一步推广至其它动物或临床病人的小血管研究。     

体外反搏降低心脏后负荷的机理及治疗过程的安全防护

介绍体外反搏降低心脏后负荷的机理,分析影响治疗安全的原因,提出反搏治疗的操作要点。     

IABP在危重症冠状动脉旁路移植术围手术期的应用

目的：探讨危重症冠状动脉旁路移植术（CABG）患者围手术期应用主动脉球囊反搏（IABP）疗效。方法：回顾性分析2008年1月至2010年9月40例应用IABP治疗的危重症CABG患者围手术期资料。结果：术前安置IABP 19例,术中安置IABP 10例,术后安置IABP11例。平均IABP辅助时间98.6±48.2小时。32例患者治愈出院,死亡8例,死亡率20.0%。术前安置者死亡率为21.1%,若除外机械并发症原因则死亡率为10.5%;术中安置者死亡率为20.0%;术后安置者死亡率为18.2%。5例出现血小板减少症;1例出现肠系膜动脉栓塞。结论：IABP是一种安全有效的循环辅助方法,积极应用可以明显提高危重症CABG的治疗效果。     

PVA颗粒与中药白芨栓塞犬子宫动脉的对比研究

目的:研究PVA微粒、中药白芨颗粒栓塞犬子宫动脉所引起的子宫病理变化,观察两者之间对子宫影响有无差别;探讨中药白芨作为血管栓塞剂的有效性、安全性及相关特性。方法:先结扎8例犬双侧子宫动脉,病理证实子宫组织无坏死。然后采用Seldinger技术,对16例犬进行选择性子宫动脉栓塞。分别向子宫动脉注入PVA微粒、中药白芨颗粒阻断供血,观察子宫病理变化。将病理结果予以定量,综合评价脏器损伤。结果:双侧子宫动脉栓塞后,各栓塞组之间样本均数两两比较,均为P>0.05,即三种处理对于子宫组织损伤无统计学差异。白芨主要栓塞末梢小动脉,栓塞牢靠,不易形成侧支循环,未出现细胞坏死。结论:选择上述栓塞剂,对子宫组织损伤效果一致,中药白芨颗粒具有良好的血管栓塞作用和载体特性,使用方便、安全,是一种较理想的末梢型血管栓塞剂。     

IABP在危重症冠状动脉旁路移植术围手术期的应用

目的:探讨危重症冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)患者围手术期应用主动脉球囊反搏(IABP)疗效。方法:回顾性分析2008年1月至2010年9月40例应用IABP治疗的危重症CABG患者围手术期资料。结果:术前安置IABP 19例,术中安置IABP 10例,术后安置IABP11例。平均IABP辅助时间98.6±48.2小时。32例患者治愈出院,死亡8例,死亡率20.0%。术前安置者死亡率为21.1%,若除外机械并发症原因则死亡率为10.5%;术中安置者死亡率为20.0%;术后安置者死亡率为18.2%。5例出现血小板减少症;1例出现肠系膜动脉栓塞。结论:IABP是一种安全有效的循环辅助方法,积极应用可以明显提高危重症CABG的治疗效果。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.