小剂量来氟米特治疗类风湿关节炎的临床研究

目的:前瞻性观察小剂量来氟米特治疗类风湿关节炎(RA)的临床疗效。方法:32例类风湿关节炎病例随机进入治疗组及对照组。治疗方案治疗组采用小剂量来氟米特(略去负荷剂量,每日剂量10mg维持),对照组使用柳氮磺胺吡啶治疗,1.5-2.0g/日。观察期6个月,观察指标为主要疗效指标:肿胀、压痛关节数、患者及医师对疾病状况总体评价;次要疗效指标疼痛视觉模拟评分、晨僵时间、美国风湿病学会疗效评价指标(ACR20、50)、健康评价问卷(HAQ)、C反应蛋白。结果:治疗6个月后,主要疗效指标压痛、肿胀关节数改善及医师总体评价,来氟米特均优于柳氮磺胺吡啶(p<0.05)。在次要疗效指标方面,来氟米特组HAQ评分及C反应蛋白改善优于柳氮磺胺吡啶组(p<0.05),两组在关节晨僵改善无明显差异。达到ACR20标准的病例,来氟米特组占56.3%,柳氮磺胺吡啶组占57.1%(p>0.05);达到ACR50标准分别为37.5%、35.7%(p>0.05)。研究中,来氟米特组胃肠道反应轻微,有2例出现血压升高。结论:小剂量来氟米特治疗类风湿关节炎治疗活动性类风湿关节炎,与柳氮磺胺吡啶疗效相当,耐受性好。     

类风湿关节炎药物治疗的规范化及临床实践探析

目的：在前人研究基础上进一步调查和研究类风湿关节炎（RA）患者药物治疗的规范化状况。方法：对湘潭市中心医院2012年3月至12月门诊就诊的120例风湿关节炎患者进行问卷调查。内容包括患者个人资料、就诊及确诊时间、科室,随诊时间间隔以及改善病情抗风湿药（DMARDs）的应用情况。结果：类风湿关节炎药物治疗不规范,甲氨蝶呤是患者应用最多的DMARDs,占60％,其次为来氟米特（30％）、柳氮磺吡啶（5％）及羟氯喹（5％）。结论：51％以上的RA病人DMARDs治疗不规范,尤其是在县级基层医院。类风湿性疾病的规范治疗需要从早期诊断治疗,优化联合用药,个性化治疗,定期跟踪疗效等方面来规范。     

来氟米特联合依那西普对佐剂性关节炎大鼠免疫功能的影响

目的：研究来氟米特和依那西普联合使用对佐剂性关节炎（AA）大鼠的治疗作用及其可能的作用机制。方法：建立AA大鼠关节炎模型,分为正常对照组、模型组、来氟米特组、依那西普组、来氟米特联合依那西普配伍组;采用关节炎指数评分法评价大鼠关节炎症程度,半定量RT-PCR和放射免疫法检测滑膜组织及血清中IL-1β、TNF-α表达水平,免疫组化方法检测滑膜组织中MMP－3含量。结果：①相较于AA模型组,来氟米特组、依那西普组和配伍组中大鼠的AI评分均显著下降（P〈0．01）,其中以配伍组关节炎指数为最低（P〈0．05）。②模型组大鼠血清及滑膜组织的IL-1β和TNF-α水平明显高于正常对照组（P〈0．01）,用药后各组的IL-1β和TNF-α水平均有所下降,并以配伍组降低最为明显（P〈0．01或P〈0．05）;③模型组大鼠滑膜组织MMP-3表达阳性密度显著高于正常对照组（P〈0．01）,用药后备组的MMP-3阳性密度降低（P〈0．01）,其中配伍组下降程度明显高于来氟米特组和依那西普组（P〈0．01）。结论：来氟米特和依那西普联合使用可明显减轻AA大鼠的关节炎症,降低血清和滑膜组织中IL-1β和TNF-α平,减少滑膜中MMP-3的表达,疗效优于单独使用来氟米特或依那西普。     

依那西普联合甲氨蝶呤治疗类风湿关节炎疗效分析

目的:探讨依那西普联合甲氨蝶呤治疗类风湿关节炎的疗效。方法:选取2011年至2013年风湿免疫科的60例类风湿关节炎患者,分为对照组和治疗组,其中对照组15例,治疗组45例,两组患者都应用甲氨蝶呤治疗,治疗组患者联合使用依那西普治疗,总疗程12周。比较两组患者治疗前后的临床及实验室指标。采用美国风湿病学会的核心标准作为疗效评定标准。结果:治疗组患者肿瘤坏死因子(tumor necrosis factor,TNF)和白细胞介素(interleukin,IL-1)下降明显,与对照组患者相比差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后两组患者超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)均较治疗前明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗组患者关节疼痛、关节肿胀和晨僵情况较对照组均有显著的改善(P0.05);治疗组患者的休息痛、患者评分以及HAQ评分均显著优于对照组(P0.05);治疗组患者ACR20和ACR70缓解的比例均高于对照组,且治疗组患者达ACR50缓解的比例显著高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:依那西普联合甲氨蝶呤治疗类风湿关节炎的疗效优于单纯的甲氨蝶呤治疗。     

益生菌联合柳氮磺胺吡啶治疗溃疡性结肠炎的疗效观察

【摘 要】 目的 通过建立葡聚糖硫酸钠(DSS)诱导的急性期溃疡性结肠炎(UC)小鼠模型,观察嗜酸乳杆菌以及联合柳氮磺胺吡啶对小鼠溃疡性结肠炎(UC)的治疗作用,并检测Hsp70、Hsp27在肠黏膜的表达,探讨其可能的作用机制。方法　5% DSS 7 d建立急性UC动物模型。将60只BALB/c小鼠随机分为6组：正常对照组、模型组、阴性对照(生理盐水,NS)组、嗜酸乳杆菌组、柳氮磺胺吡啶组和嗜酸乳杆菌联合柳氮磺胺吡啶组,观察指标包括：疾病活动指数(DAI)、结肠黏膜肉眼改变及病理组织学积分;采用免疫组化SABC 法检测热休克蛋白(HSP70)和(HSP27)的表达量。结果 嗜酸乳杆菌可降低实验小鼠DAI积分和改善结肠组织损伤;与模型组、阴性对照组相比,嗜酸乳杆菌联合柳氮磺胺吡啶组的HSP70表达增加(P＜0.05),其中以嗜酸乳杆菌联合柳氮磺胺吡啶组效果最佳。结论 嗜酸乳杆菌和柳氮磺胺吡啶对小鼠溃疡性结肠炎都有治疗作用,且二者疗效相当;两药联合应用效果最佳。其机制可能与增加结肠黏膜HSP70的表达有关。     

美常安联合柳氮磺吡啶治疗溃疡性结肠炎的疗效及对血清TNF-alpha、IL-6、 IL-8水平的影响

目的：探索美常安联合柳氮磺吡啶治疗溃疡性结肠炎（UC）的疗效,及对血清TNF-alpha、IL-6、IL-8 水平的影响。方法：选择自 2012 年9月至2014 年12 月我院收治的100例UC 患者,按照随机数表法分成对照组和观察组,每组50 例。对照组患者口服给 予柳氮磺吡啶,观察组患者口服给予美常安联合柳氮磺吡啶治疗。统计分析两组患者的临床有效率、症状改善、不良反应发生情 况及治疗前后患者血清中TNF-alpha、IL-6、IL-8 水平的变化。结果：观察组中总有效率为92.00%显著高于对照组中总有效率为 48.00%（P<0.05）;两组患者治疗后的主要临床症状较治疗前均有明显改善（P<0.05）,且观察组患者治疗后主要症状缓解率明显高 于对照组（P<0.05）;两组患者治疗后血清中TNF-alpha、IL-6、IL-8 水平均显著低于治疗前,且观察组明显低于对照组（P<0.05）;两组患 者不良反应发生率之间的差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：美常安联合柳氮磺吡啶治疗UC具有良好的临床疗效,能显著改善 患者的临床症状和患者血清中炎症因子的水平,值得在临床上推广使用。     

川芎嗪联合益生菌及柳氮磺胺吡啶对溃疡性结肠炎的临床观察

目的：观察川芎嗪联合益生菌和柳氮磺胺吡啶对溃疡性结肠炎（Ulcerative Colitis,UC）的临床效果。方法：2013 年8 月至 2014 年8 月在我院接受治疗的UC 患者116 例根据其治疗分为观察组（n=58）和对照组（n=58）：对照组予以柳氮磺胺吡啶肠溶片 （1.0 g/次,4 次/d）、益生菌（2～4 粒/ 次,2 次/d）治疗,观察组增用川芎嗪（1～2 片/ 次,3 次/d）治疗,2 周后比较疗效、治疗前后 的炎症因子,以及药物不良反应。结果：观察组患者的总有效率高于对照组（96.55%vs 84.48%,P＜0.05）;观察组治疗前、后的白细 胞介素-4（Interleukin-4,IL-4; 6.84± 1.23 VS 18.24± 2.56 pg/mL）, IL-6 (168.90± 32.49 VS 16.24± 4.23 ng/L);IL-10 (15.17± 3.21 VS 16.77± 2.53 ng/mL);肿瘤坏死因子-alpha（Tumor necrosis factor alpha,TNF-alpha; 6.95± 7.25 VS 6.81± 1.84 ng/L); 与对照组治疗前、 后的IL-4（6.77± 1.52 VS 15.53± 2.75 pg/mL）;IL-6 (170.21± 25.68 VS 18.17± 2.25 ng/L）;IL-10（15.24± 2.83 VS 15.86± 2.24 ng/mL);TNF-alpha（17.01± 2.53 VS 7.63± 2.27 ng/L）相比差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。两组间药物不良反应总发生率无统计学意 义（13.79%vs 6.90%,P>0.05）。结论：川芎嗪联合益生菌及柳氮磺胺吡啶三联方案治疗UC 有较好的临床的疗效和安全性。     

血清抗角蛋白抗体谱测定对类风湿关节炎骨侵蚀的预测价值

目的：探讨血清抗角蛋白抗体谱对类风湿关节炎预后的判断价值。方法：选择早期、活动性类风湿关节炎患者82例（病程≤6个月）,分为病例组（抗角蛋白抗体谱阳性组,n=39）和对照组（抗角蛋白抗体谱阴性组,n=43）,均给予相同的治疗方案,在治疗前、治疗后12个月、治疗后24个月分别记录全部患者的关节肿胀数、关节压痛数、晨僵时间和红细胞沉降率的变化,通过治疗前及治疗后24个月分别记录手足X线正位片、Sharp评分和DAS28评分标准进行评价。结果：治疗12个月后病例组临床指标的改善较对照组差（P〈0.01）;24个月后病例组X线分期变化情况进展明显大于对照组（P〈0.01）。结论：抗角蛋白抗体阳性谱患者的临床指标和影像学变化情况较抗角蛋白抗体谱阴性患者对治疗的反应较差,更易发生关节破坏。     

甲氨蝶呤联合来氟米特对类风湿关节炎患者炎症因子和免疫球蛋白的影响

目的:探讨甲氨蝶呤联合来氟米特对类风湿关节炎(RA)患者炎症因子和免疫球蛋白的影响。方法:选取于2016年6月-2017年10月期间我院收治的92例RA患者,根据乱数表法将患者随机分为对照组(n=46)与研究组(n=46)。对照组给予口服甲氨蝶呤片,研究组则在对照组的基础上联合来氟米特片治疗。两组均治疗3个月。比较两组患者临床疗效、临床症状改善情况,检测两组患者治疗前后炎症因子、免疫球蛋白水平,观察两组患者不良反应发生情况。结果:研究组患者治疗后的临床总有效率为95.65%(44/46),高于对照组患者的78.26%(36/46)(P0.05)。两组患者治疗后晨僵时间、压痛关节数、肿胀关节数均较治疗前降低,且研究组低于对照组(P0.05)。两组患者治疗后血细胞沉降率(ESR)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、白介素-8(IL-8)及肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)均较治疗前降低,且研究组低于对照组(P0.05)。两组患者治疗后免疫球蛋白G(Ig G)、免疫球蛋白A(Ig A)、免疫球蛋白M(Ig M)均较治疗前降低,且研究组低于对照组(P0.05)。两组患者不良反应发生率比较无差异(P0.05)。结论:甲氨蝶呤联合来氟米特治疗RA患者效果优于单用甲氨蝶呤治疗,可改善患者临床症状,同时降低Ig G、Ig A、Ig M以及炎症因子水平,无严重不良反应发生。     

痛敏穴刺血加艾灸疗法治疗类风湿关节炎临床疗效研究

摘要 目的：观察痛敏穴刺血加艾灸疗法治疗类风湿关节炎（RA）患者的临床疗效。方法：选取2019年1月~2022年1月44例类风湿关节炎患者随机分为2组,每组22例。对照组予以来氟米特片和塞来昔布胶囊治疗,观察组在对照组基础上采用痛敏穴刺血加艾灸疗法。两组患者治疗前后采用视觉模拟评分法（VAS）和疾病活动评分（DAS-28）进行评估,并检测类风湿因子(RF)、超敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、血沉(ESR)、类风湿因子（RF）、纤维蛋白原（FIB）、D二聚体水平。结果：两组治疗后VAS评分降低（P<0.05）,而研究组较对照组低（P<0.05）。两组治疗后DAS-28评分降低（P<0.05）,而研究组较对照组低（P<0.05）。两组治疗后RF、hs-CRP、FIB、D二聚体水平均明显下降（P<0.05）,而研究组均明显低于对照组（P<0.05）。观察组总有效率（100.00 %）明显高于对照组（72.73 %）（P<0.05）。结论：痛敏穴刺血加艾灸能够提高RA患者的临床疗效,且能够提高机体的抗炎效应。     

白藜芦醇对急性痛风性关节炎大鼠的影响(英文)

目的:观察白藜芦醇对急性痛风性关节炎大鼠的影响。方法:选取Wista大鼠36只,随机分为正常对照组、模型组、秋水仙碱组、白藜芦醇低剂量组、白藜芦醇中剂量组、白藜芦醇高剂量组,各组相应采用生理盐水、秋水仙碱、白藜芦醇低、中、高剂量灌胃7天(1次/日),模型组及各实验组于灌胃第四天把25g/mL(0.05mL)浓度的尿酸盐溶液注射到大鼠踝关节腔内,制备急性痛风性关节炎模型,正常对照组大鼠关节腔内注射生理盐水0.05 ml,72 h后留取踝关节关节液及关节滑膜,应用ELISA法观察关节液中IL-1β、CXCL10的变化。关节滑膜用10%福尔马林固定待做病理。结果:与模型组比较,白藜芦醇能显著降低关节液中IL-1β、CXCL10水平(P0.05),病理结果显示,白藜芦醇可减轻急性痛风性关节炎大鼠踝关节组织的水肿和炎性细胞浸润。结论:急性痛风性关节炎发病过程中IL-1β,CXCL10明显增高,白藜芦醇可有效抑制急性痛风性关节炎发作,且该作用呈一定的剂量依赖性。关键词:痛风性关节炎;白藜芦醇;白介素1-β     

Antibodies to citrullinated proteins and differences in clinical progression of rheumatoid arthritis

Antibodies to citrullinated proteins (anti-cyclic-citrullinated peptide [anti-CCP] antibodies) are highly specific for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and precede the onset of disease symptoms, indicating a pathogenetic role for these antibodies in RA. We recently showed that distinct genetic risk factors are associated with either anti-CCP-positive disease or anti-CCP-negative disease. These data are important as they indicate that distinct pathogenic mechanisms are underlying anti-CCP-positive disease or anti-CCP-negative disease. Likewise, these observations raise the question of whether anti-CCP-positive RA and anti-CCP-negative RA are clinically different disease entities. We therefore investigated whether RA patients with anti-CCP antibodies have a different clinical presentation and disease course compared with patients without these autoantibodies. In a cohort of 454 incident patients with RA, 228 patients were anti-CCP-positive and 226 patients were anti-CCP-negative. The early symptoms, tender and swollen joint count, and C-reactive protein level at inclusion, as well as the swollen joint count and radiological destruction during 4 years of follow-up, were compared for the two groups. There were no differences in morning stiffness, type, location and distribution of early symptoms, patients' rated disease activity and C-reactive protein at inclusion between RA patients with and without anti-CCP antibodies. The mean tender and swollen joint count for the different joints at inclusion was similar. At follow-up, patients with anti-CCP antibodies had more swollen joints and more severe radiological destruction. Nevertheless, the distribution of affected joints, for swelling, bone erosions and joint space narrowing, was similar. In conclusion, the phenotype of RA patients with or without anti-CCP antibodies is similar with respect to clinical presentation but differs with respect to disease course.     

The effects of leflunomide on clinical parameters and serum levels of IL-6, IL-10, MMP-1 and MMP-3 in patients with resistant rheumatoid arthritis

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this open pilot study was to assess possible mechanisms of the effects of leflunomide by studying the influence of the drug on the serum levels of MMP-1, MMP-3, IL-10, IL-6 and their possible correlation with clinical disease parameters. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty patients with long standing active rheumatoid arthritis were enrolled in this study. All patients failed at least 5 DMARDs in the past and were on stable treatment for at least 3 months before starting the protocol. The patients received a loading dose of 100 mg for 3 days followed by 20 mg/day thereafter and followed up monthly for 6 months. Disease activity was assessed at baseline, 2 weeks, and every month of therapy thereafter using the following variables: tender joint count, swollen joint count, morning stiffness duration, pain, tiredness, physician's and patient's global assessment, using VAS, ESR and CRP. Clinical effects of the treatment regimen were calculated using the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria for clinical response. Adverse events were recorded. Serum levels of MMP-1, MMP-3, IL-10 and IL-6 were measured before and 3 months after starting the protocol. RESULTS: Except for tiredness, a statistically significant improvement in all clinical and laboratory parameters of disease activity was reached after 3 months. At this time point the ACR-20 response rate was 46.2%. The levels of MMP-1, MMP-3, IL-6 and IL-10 decreased significantly after 3 months. A statistically significant correlation between serum levels of MMP-1, IL-10 and IL-6 and clinical and laboratory parameters was also shown. After 6 months, 16 out of 30 patients withdrew from the study [adverse events (35.4%), lack of efficacy (9.7%), and low compliance (6.4%)]. CONCLUSIONS: Leflunomide was clinically efficacious in this group of long standing resistant RA in an open study "real life" design. These results comply with those reported in previous clinical trials. Serum MMP-1, MMP-3, IL-10 and IL-6 levels decreased significantly. Despite high withdrawal rate, no serious adverse effects were recorded.     

Comparison between penicillamine and sulphasalazine in rheumatoid arthritis: Leeds-Birmingham trial.

Sulphasalazine was first formulated by Svartz in the early 1940s, specifically for use as a remission inducing drug in rheumatoid arthritis. After the publication of an unfavourable trial, however, the drug was restricted to patients with ulcerative colitis. In the late 1970s sulphasalazine was re-examined in rheumatoid arthritis and favourable results reported in "open" trials. A double blind controlled trial was therefore conducted comparing enteric coated sulphasalazine and D-penicillamine in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. A total of 63 patients were recruited in two centres; 31 were treated with sulphasalazine and 32 received penicillamine. After 16 weeks'' treatment both drugs had produced significant improvements in clinical score, pain score measured on a visual analogue scale, grip strength, Ritchie articular index, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and serum C reactive protein concentration. Nausea was the major side effect in the sulphasalazine treated group. No potentially dangerous effects of sulphasalazine were encountered in contrast with those seen in the penicillamine group. The results suggest that sulphasalazine is an effective and safe drug capable of producing remissions in active rheumatoid arthritis. They also lend confidence to the use of preliminary "open" trials as a means of screening for remission inducing drugs in rheumatoid arthritis.     

Acute phase reactants add little to composite disease activity indices for rheumatoid arthritis: validation of a clinical activity score

Introduction  

Frequent assessments of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disease activity allow timely adaptation of therapy, which is essential in preventing disease progression. However, values of acute phase reactants (APRs) are needed to calculate current composite activity indices, such as the Disease Activity Score (DAS)28, the DAS28-CRP (i.e. the DAS28 using C-reactive protein instead of erythrocyte sedimentation rate) and the Simplified Disease Activity Index (SDAI). We hypothesized that APRs make limited contribution to the SDAI, and that an SDAI-modification eliminating APRs – termed the Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI; i.e. the sum of tender and swollen joint counts [28 joints] and patient and physician global assessments [in cm]) – would have comparable validity in clinical cohorts.     

Which component of sulphasalazine is active in rheumatoid arthritis?

Sulphasalazine is known to be effective as a second line agent in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The two chemical constituents of sulphasalazine (sulphapyridine and 5-aminosalicylic acid) were assessed separately in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Over 24 weeks sulphapyridine showed a pronounced second line effect comparable with sulphasalazine and with a similar toxicity profile, whereas 5-aminosalicylic acid showed only a weak first line effect. Thus sulphapyridine appears to be the active moiety responsible for the second line effect of sulphasalazine in rheumatoid arthritis. The efficacy of the antibacterial component of sulphasalazine yet again permits speculation about the role of a bacterial pathogen in the aetiopathogenesis of rheumatoid disease.     

抗RA33抗体与幼年特发性关节炎的诊断意义

目的：通过检测幼年特发性关节炎（JIA）患者血清中的抗RA33抗体,了解抗RA33抗体与幼年特发性关节炎的临床诊断价值。方法：采用酶联免疫固相分析检测81例JIA患儿（女19名,男62名,平均年龄8.6岁,平均病程1.4年）血清中抗RA33抗体、RF,同时以55例儿童系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）等其他关节性疾病或病毒感染患者和49例健康儿童作为对照组。阴阳性结果判断均采用试剂盒推荐的临界值。结果：81例JIA患儿中抗RA33抗体阳性率为11.11%（9/81）,RF阳性率为12.35%（10/81）,特异性均为91.35%;JIA组与正常对照组抗RA33抗体阳性率比较有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,与其他关节性疾病对照组比较差异无显著性（P〉0.05）。JIA组中抗RA33抗体的检出与RF无相关性（P〉0.05）;在JIA各亚型中抗RA33抗体主要存在于全身型和多关节型,各占33.3%和25.0%,RF则只出现于多关节型,占62.5%。两者比较有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。81例JIA患儿中共有18例关节出现影像学改变,其中4例抗RA33抗体阳性（22.2%）,与未发生影像学改变的JIA患儿比较无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。结论：抗RA33抗体尚不能作为JIA早期诊断的新的可靠性指标,抗RA33抗体主要见于全身型和多关节型,对JIA的分型有指导意义。