吉林省革腹茧蜂属一新种(膜翅目:茧蜂科)(英文)

本文记述了采自吉林长白山东岗的革腹茧蜂属1新种,凹角革腹茧蜂Ascogaster exxavatus Chen et Wu。本新种的主要特征是:雌蜂体长2.8mm;体黑色,甲壳基部具黄色横条纹;触角36节,第10-32鞭节长小于宽,其腹面具强烈凹陷(图2);脸具网纹状刻点;唇基前缘圆弧形,无齿突或凹陷。盾纵沟甚浅,不明显;并胸腹节2侧齿突明显隆起,但2中齿突微弱。产卵器鞘甚短,不突出腹末。 本新种与异足革腹茧蜂Ascogaster vartpes Wesmael较相似,但新种触角中后部的鞭节腹面具甚分明的凹陷,且其盾纵沟不明显,故与后者区别。 新种模式标本保存于福建农业大学植物保护系益虫研究室。     

中国印度茧蜂属Indiopius Fischer一新种(膜翅目:茧蜂科)

本文记述了茧蜂科Braconidae潜蝇茧蜂亚科Opiinae印度茧蜂属Indiopius的1个新种：Indiopius alutacius Weng et Chen sp.nov.。这是该属在中国分布的首次记录。建立了世界已知3种的分种检索表。本新种与矮茧蜂I.humillimus Fischer相似,但新种可以由下列特征予以区别：1.并胸腹节革质纹,后缘具短纵脊;2.第1腹节背板长为宽的1.2-1.3倍;3.腹板侧泡明显具齿。模式标本保存于福建农林大学益虫研究室。     

中国并腹茧蜂属一新种记述（膜翅目：茧蜂科）

记述采自中国黑龙江的并腹茧蜂属Hylcalosia Fischer 1新种——沟腹并腹茧蜂H.ventisulcata sp.nov..该新种与海氏并腹茧蜂Hylcalosia hymaenei Belokobylskij最为相似,但新种的如下特征容易与后者相区别:1)下颚须相当长,可达后足基节处;2)腹部第2-3节背板具1条宽而浅的中纵沟,几乎纵贯2、3背板;3)前翅2-SR脉基部弯曲,后翅m-cu脉对叉式;4)腹部第1背板中长等于端宽。文中修订了该属全世界已知种的检索表。新种模式标本保存于福建农林大学益虫研究所。     

中国华甲腹茧蜂属一新种记述(膜翅目:茧蜂科:甲腹茧蜂亚科:愈腹茧蜂族)

本记述采自中国福建省武夷山的茧蜂科Braconidae甲腹茧蜂亚科Cheloninae华甲腹茧蜂属Siniphanerotomella He,Chen et van Achterberg1新种,异唇华甲腹茧蜂Sini phanerotomella disparclypeolus Ji etChen ,sp.nov.。模式标本保存于福建农林大学植保学院益虫研究室。     

中国新纪录属——纹腹茧蜂属Shelfordia Cameron记述及一新种描述(膜翅目:茧蜂科:茧蜂亚科)(英文)

纹腹茧蜂属ShelfordiaCameron系中国新记录属。该属一新种———中华纹腹茧蜂Shelfordiachinensis。本新种与分布于印度的长尾纹腹茧蜂S .longicaudatavanAchterberg相似 ,但下列特征可资区别 :产卵器相对较短 ,仅为前翅的 3倍 ;腹部更为细长 ,第 1腹节背板隆起区域为其全长的 7 8;第 2腹节背板具亚平行的陷纹带 ;第 3腹背板前侧区具较大的隆起区域 ;前翅脉沿 1 SR、1 SR +M、m cu和 3 CU1等脉区域褐色 ;前翅 1 SR脉基部弯曲 ;后翅 2 SC +R脉长大于或等于 1r m脉的 1 2 ;颜面中央具浅的凹陷 ;中胸盾纵沟浅等。新种正模 ,♀ ,浙江古田山 ,1980 0 6 1,周文豹采。模式标本存浙江大学寄生蜂标本室。     

平腹茧蜂属(膜翅目 :茧蜂科 )一新种记述(英文)

平腹茧蜂亚科DirrhopinaevanAchterberg及平腹茧蜂属DirrhopeFoerster系中国分布新记录。本文描述该属 1新种 :绍氏平腹茧蜂Dirrhopeshawi。新种模式标本存于福建农业大学益虫研究室。     

中国毛室茧蜂属记述并附二新种描述（膜翅目：茧蜂科：优茧蜂亚科）

毛室茧蜂属LeiophronNees是茧蜂科优茧蜂亚科中1个较大的属,含3个亚属啮虫茧蜂亚属EuphoriellaAshmead,拟优茧蜂亚属EuphorianaGahan和毛室茧蜂亚属Leiophrons.s,寄生于半翅目和啮虫目的若虫。本文对毛室茧蜂属的中国种类进行了研究,共报道7种,其中5种为已知种程氏毛室茧蜂L.(Euphoriana)chengiChen&vanAchterberg,1997、狭翅毛室茧蜂L.(L.)bounluoicaBelokobylskij,1993、黄体毛室茧蜂L.(L.)flavicorpusChen&vanAchterberg,1997、红头毛室茧蜂L.(L.)ruficephalusChen&vanAchterberg,1997和细毛室茧蜂L.(L.)subtilisChen&vanAchterberg;2种为新种大头毛室茧蜂L.(E.)amplicaptis,sp.nov.和伊春毛室茧蜂L.(L.)yichunensis,sp.nov.。研究标本(包括模式标本)保存在浙江大学应用昆虫研究所寄生蜂标本室。 1.大头毛室茧蜂Leiophron(Euphoriana)amplicaptis,新种(图1～5) 　　本种与程氏毛室茧蜂L.(E.)chengiChen&vanAchterberg,1997相似,但前翅1-SR+M、m-cu、2-Cu1、2-M和2-SR脉缺,基节前沟缺,盾纵沟存在,浅,腹部第1背板具纵刻纹,触角15节,脸宽为高的1.1倍及体较小等特征可与后者相区别。 　　研究标本正模,♀,吉林通化,1994-Ⅷ-01,娄巨贤,no.976813。 2.伊春毛室茧蜂Leiophron(Leiophron)yichunensis,新种(图6～10) 　　本种与黄体毛室茧蜂L.(L.)flavicorpusChen&vanAchterberg,1997相似,但本种前翅SR1和2-SR脉出自翅痣同一地点、唇基腹缘明显突出、盾纵沟区域光滑、腹部第1节背板长为端宽的3.1倍等特征可与后者相区别。 　　研究标本正模,♀,黑龙江伊春,1994-Ⅶ-19～26,娄巨贤,no.952676。副模1♂,采集记录同正模,no.952608。     

西藏合腹茧蜂属一新种记述（膜翅目：茧蜂科：甲腹茧蜂亚科）

合腹茧蜂属Phanerotomella Szepligeti中国已知7种,本文报道1新种,西藏合腹茧蜂P.xizangensis,sp.nov.,并附中国已知种检索表,模式标本保存于浙江大学应用昆虫研究所。     

中国费氏茧蜂属新种和新记录种记述(膜翅目:茧蜂科:蝇茧蜂亚科)

本文记述了中国费氏茧蜂属的3个新种：匙胸费氏茧蜂F.mystrium,sp．nov．,锐费氏茧蜂F.oxoestos,sp．nov．,疏纹费氏茧蜂F.spanistriae,sp．nov．,和1中国新记录种：齿唇费氏茧蜂Fopius denticulifer(van Achterberg and Maeto^,1990)。这是该属在中国大陆的首次记录。1．齿唇费氏茧蜂Fopius denticulifer(van Achterberg and Maeto^,1990),中国新记录研究标本：1♀,浙江临安市天目山,1987-Ⅶ-21,陈学新,No．873495;2♀♀1♂,浙江安吉县龙王山,1993-Ⅷ-31,马云,许再福,朱春燕,No．9310360,9310128,939981;2♀♀,浙江临安市大目山,1993-Ⅵ—11,滕玲,汪建平,No．935298,935444;1♀,浙江临安市天目山,1993Ⅵ—12,马云,No．934408。分布：中国(浙江),俄罗斯东部,日本。2．匙胸费氏茧蜂Fopius mystrium,新种(图1～4)正模：♀,湖北神农架宋洛,1982-Ⅷ-28,何俊华,No．825801。鉴别特征：本新种与F.deeralensis(Fullaway,1950)相似,但下列特征可资区别：额具深密刻点及刚毛;产卵管两侧平行,端部具一小突起;产卵管鞘长度为前翅长度的0．4倍,为腹部第一背板长的2．7倍。3．锐费氏茧蜂Fopius oxoestos,新种(图5～10)正模：早,浙江德清县筏头,1995-Ⅴ-27,何俊华,No．957552;副模,1♀,浙江德清县筏头,1995-Ⅴ-27,何俊华,No．957416。鉴别特征：本新种与F.ruficornis(Granger,1949)相似,但下列特征可资区别：中胸全部橘黄色;产卵管端部背方具一突起;并胸腹节后方具一大的扇形区域。4．疏纹费氏茧蜂Fopius spanistriae,新种(图11～16)正模：♀,海南尖峰岭,1997-Ⅶ-22,蔡平,No．973369。鉴别特征：本新种与E.arisanus(Sonan,1932)相似,但下列特征可资区别：唇基腹方具一小而不明显的突起：中胸腹板后横脊腹方中央存在,短且突出;产卵管鞘相对较短,其长度为前翅长的0．8倍,为腹部第,背板长的0．9倍。     

侧沟茧蜂属二新种记述(膜翅目:茧蜂科)(英文)

本文记述了采自甘肃、陕西杨凌、浙江松阳和福建福州等地的侧沟茧蜂属MicroplitisFoerster 186 2二新种 :赵氏侧沟茧蜂Microplitiszhaoi,sp .nov .,该新种与分布于古北区的MicroplitismalimbaPapp相似 ,但以下特征与之区别 :①前翅 1 R1脉短于翅痣长 ;②腹部第 1— 3腹片黄白色 ;③后肘室长为基宽的 2倍 ;④前翅r脉与 2 SR脉等长。其学名以我国著名寄生蜂分类学家赵修复教授姓氏命名。周氏侧沟茧蜂Microplitischoui ,sp .nov .,该新种与分布于东洋区的Microplitiszhaoi,sp .nov .相似但以下特征与之区别 ;①触角短于体长 ;②腹部第 1— 3腹片黑褐色 ;③腹部背板黑色 ;④前翅r脉短于 2 SR脉 ;⑤后翅cu a脉下端明显弯向翅基。其学名以我国著名昆虫分类学家周尧教授姓氏命名。模式标本保存在浙江大学植保系昆虫标本室。     

New genus and species of the family stichaeidae from Hokkaido,Japan

Specimens of a new genus and species of the stichaeid fish,Leptostichaeus pumilus, were collected from the Okhotsk Sea off Hokkaido in Japan. The present new genus and species clearly differs from all the other genera and species of the stichaeid fishes in the following characters: 3 or 4 pectoral fin rays; 10 or fewer caudal principal rays; 79–82 dorsal spines; no pelvic fin; last interneural spine supporting a single dorsal spine; infraorbital, occipital and lateral line canals absent; moderate size of dorsal spine shorter than eye diameter; membranes of dorsal and anal fins widely connected with caudal fin; a large black spot divided by a yellow band present just above gill cover.     

湖南淡水虾类两新种(十足目:匙指虾科:米虾属)

报道湖南省淡水匙指虾科米虾属两新种。窄肢米虾Caridina angustipes sp.now.与保靖米虾C.baojingensis Guo,He et Bai,1992近似,但新种额角长,上缘具15-27齿,下缘具3-6齿;雄性第一附肢内肢的内缘平直。棒肢米虾C.clavipes sp.nov.略似窄肢米虾C.angustipes,但目前雄性第一附肢内肢末端尖细,内缘刺少;雄性第二附肢雄附肢短而细,内缘仅具1刺,末端仅具4刺。正模标本保存在上海水产大学,副模标本保存在佛山科学技术学院。     

A New Lanternshark <Emphasis Type="Italic">Etmopterus splendidus</Emphasis> from the East China Sea and Java Sea

A new species of the lanternshark Etmopterus splendidus is described. This new species is distinguished from the congeners by the combination of the following characters: distance from snout tip to 1st dorsal spine much less than distance from the spine to upper caudal origin; caudal fin short, much less than head length; dermal denticles on lateral side of trunk with very small, erect thornlike, conical crowns, those on trunk arranged in regular longitudinal rows, and distinctly arranged on interdorsal area and on lateral trunk of interspace between 2nd dorsal and caudal, but not arranged in regular longitudinal rows on dorsal surface of interorbital and o abdomen; color in life purplish-black above and with inconspicuous bluish-black flank marks and three other bluish-black marks at base of caudal fin and along its axis; shape of flank marks narrow anterior to, but broader posterior to pelvic fins.     

多鳃鱼类一新属及该类鱼感觉沟系统的变异

本文记述了云南曲靖早泥盆世翠峰山组西山村段多鳃鱼类一新属种,变异坝鱼(Damaspis vartus gen.et sp.nov.)文中讨论了多鳃鱼类头甲背部感觉沟系统的基本模式,它的变化和变异。从这个基本模式出发笔者认为三岔鱼科和多鳃鱼科有许多重要的特征相近,似乎应把三岔鱼科和多鳃鱼科隶属于同一个高一级的分类单元即多鳃鱼目,而不应把三岔鱼科置于“华南鱼目”。“华南鱼目”是根据了解还不多的华南鱼属建立的,有些勉强,建议暂不采用。文中首次指出多鳃鱼类的感觉沟系统存在变异现象并认为在确立新类型时,变异是应该考虑的一个重要因素。     

中国绒茧蜂属Apanteles Foerster一新种(膜翅目:茧蜂科)

本文报道采自中国福建的茧蜂科Braconidae小腹茧蜂亚科Microgastrinae绒茧蜂属Apanteles Foerster一新种,即透翅绒茧蜂Apanteles pellucipterus Song et Chen,sp.nov.。模式标本存放于福建农林大学植保学院益虫室。     

New species and records of the subgenus <Emphasis Type="Italic">Microchelonus</Emphasis> Szépligeti (Braconidae: Cheloninae) from China

The Chinese species of the subgenus Microchelonus Szépligeti of the genus Chelonus Panzer with the female carapace having an incised apex in dorsal view and/or in posterior view are revised. Two new species, Chelonus (Microchelonus) rhagius sp. n. and Chelonus (Microchelonus) tobiasi sp. n. are described. Chelonus (Microchelonus) elegantulus Tobias and Chelonus (Microchelonus) volgensis Tobias are recorded in China for the first time.     

Comparative morphology of changeable skin papillae in octopus and cuttlefish

A major component of cephalopod adaptive camouflage behavior has rarely been studied: their ability to change the three‐dimensionality of their skin by morphing their malleable dermal papillae. Recent work has established that simple, conical papillae in cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) function as muscular hydrostats; that is, the muscles that extend a papilla also provide its structural support. We used brightfield and scanning electron microscopy to investigate and compare the functional morphology of nine types of papillae of different shapes, sizes and complexity in six species: S. officinalis small dorsal papillae, Octopus vulgaris small dorsal and ventral eye papillae, Macrotritopus defilippi dorsal eye papillae, Abdopus aculeatus major mantle papillae, O. bimaculoides arm, minor mantle, and dorsal eye papillae, and S. apama face ridge papillae. Most papillae have two sets of muscles responsible for extension: circular dermal erector muscles arranged in a concentric pattern to lift the papilla away from the body surface and horizontal dermal erector muscles to pull the papilla's perimeter toward its core and determine shape. A third set of muscles, retractors, appears to be responsible for pulling a papilla's apex down toward the body surface while stretching out its base. Connective tissue infiltrated with mucopolysaccharides assists with structural support. S. apama face ridge papillae are different: the contraction of erector muscles perpendicular to the ridge causes overlying tissues to buckle. In this case, mucopolysaccharide‐rich connective tissue provides structural support. These six species possess changeable papillae that are diverse in size and shape, yet with one exception they share somewhat similar functional morphologies. Future research on papilla morphology, biomechanics and neural control in the many unexamined species of octopus and cuttlefish may uncover new principles of actuation in soft, flexible tissue. J. Morphol. 275:371–390, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.