T淋巴瘤侵袭转移诱导因子1的结构与功能

T淋巴瘤侵袭转移诱导因子1(T-lymphoma invasion and metastasis inducing factor 1，Tiam1)是Ras相关的C3肉毒素底物1(Ras-Related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1，Rac1)的特异性鸟苷酸交换因子(guanine nucleotide ex-change factor，GEF)。在细胞外信号刺激下Tiam1可以促进Rac1从无活性的GDP结合状态向有活性的GTP结合状态转换，有活性的Rac1-GTP与不同的下游效应分子相互作用，从而影响多种细胞事件。     

NPC1L1:固醇脂质吸收的关键蛋白质

NPC1L1是最近发现的一种与NPC1同源的蛋白质。在体内的分布有物种差异性,其亚细胞定位存在很大争议。近些年发现NPC1L1在固醇类脂质代谢途径中起着重要作用,是肠道吸收固醇类脂质尤其是胆固醇的关键蛋白质,这项新发现使得人们对固醇类脂质的吸收机制有了了解。高胆固醇血症是心血管系统疾病的一个高危因子,因此,对NPC1L1的研究具有重大的实际意义,正逐渐成为研究的热点。     

甲状旁腺瘤的癌基因——PRAD1

甲状旁腺瘤的癌基因——ＰＲＡＤ１周剑涛（湖北省黄冈市卫生学校,４３６１００）关键词ＰＲＡＤ１细胞周期蛋白Ｄ１研究证明,甲状旁腺瘤的癌基因ＰＲＡＤ１就是细胞周期蛋白Ｄ１（ｃｙｃｌｉｎＤ１）的基因。周期蛋白通过多种途径参与细胞转化及癌变。ｃｙｃｌｉｎＤ１...     

缺氧诱导因子-1降解的调控

缺氧是引起细胞损伤的重要原因,而缺氧诱导因子-1(hypoxia-inducible factor,HIF-1)是细胞对氧浓度改变的一系列自适应反应中重要的调节因子,也在肿瘤的发生和组织缺血中起到重要的作用。林希病肿瘤因子(product of von Hippel-lindau disease,pVHL)和缺氧诱导因子抑制因子(factor inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor-1,FIH-1)是被公认的缺氧诱导因子诱导转录的抑制因子,与HIF-1有着复杂的相互作用,并调控其降解。研究它们的相互作用将为肿瘤及缺血性疾病的治疗提供一条崭新的途径。     

1-磷酸鞘氨醇与相关疾病的研究进展

1-磷酸鞘氨醇(sphingosine-1-phosphate,S1P)是一种重要的生物活性鞘脂类代谢物,其介导的细胞传导途径(SphK-S1P-S1PRs信号通路)参与各种生理病理过程,调节人体生长发育。现发现5种S1P受体(S1PR1-S1PR5)广泛分布于人体各个组织,其形成的交联信号通路影响着细胞的迁移、粘附、存活和增殖,并干预着肿瘤、糖尿病、心血管疾病等诸多疾病的发生发展过程。因而S1PRs的研究对治疗疾病提供了新的靶点和方向,将其应用于临床,实施个体化治疗方案,成为当今热门的研究课题之一。     

卡波氏肉瘤相关病毒感染激活Jurkat细胞抗-HIV基因表达的研究

目的:观察Jurkat细胞感染卡波氏肉瘤相关病毒(Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus,KSHV)后细胞内几条主要的抗HIV作用的基因(RANTES、APOBEC3G、APOBEC3F、MX1、MX2)表达情况。方法:首先用佛波酯(TPA)(20ng/ml)刺激BCBL-1细胞72小时,提取KSHV病毒滤液。然后把含KSHV滤液的RPMI-1640培养Jurkat细胞。24小时后,分别在感染后第3、5天收集细胞,提取细胞总RNA,通过实时定量PCR检测分析相关基因的表达情况。结果:通过对KSHV感染不同时期的细胞抗-HIV基因表达分析,结果显示:与未感染组相比,KSHV感染组的Jurkat细胞内的多条抗HIV-1基因表达上调。感染第3天,RANTES上调123倍,APOBEC3G上调3.12倍,A POBEC3F上调1.18倍,MIX1上调2.75倍,MIX2上调4.35倍,感染第5天RANTES上调11.91倍,MX1上调2.72倍,MIX2上调2.22倍。结论:KSHV感染在一定程度上激活Jurkat细胞抗HIV相关基因的表达。     

引发2009年流感暴发的H1N1新型流感病毒的研究进展

引起流感世界性大流行的主要原因与流感病毒表面抗原血凝素(HA)和神经氨酸酶(NA)频发的变异有很大关系,抗原的变异使得流感病毒可以逃逸机体的免疫防御,而且使许多应用中的疫苗失去防御效果。综述2009年世界暴发的H1N1新型流感病毒的结构在进化过程中发生的变异,有助于增加人们对流感病毒的了解,从而有效的治疗和预防流感大流行。     

1981～2005年中国H1N1甲型流感病毒血凝素基因的HA1演变特征

为了解1981~2005年我国H1N1甲型流感病毒血凝素基因的HA1演变特征,选取H1N1甲型流感病毒370株,提取病毒RNA,经逆转录和聚合酶链反应扩增HA1并测序,测定的序列用生物信息软件分析,与GenBank中相关序列比较,并对推导的编码氨基酸序列进行基因特性分析。结果表明:HA1氨基酸的变异表现为抗原决定簇4个区均有变异,Sb区和Ca区变化较大;HA1受体结合位点(RBS)的前壁130环的第134位赖氨酸从1991年起在部分毒株HA1序列上开始缺失,以后缺失株逐步增多,自2000年起测定的所有毒株上该氨基酸全部缺失,同时这些缺失株的第137位氨基酸也全部由苏氨酸替换为丝氨酸;糖基化位点从增多到减少,最后稳定在7个;1981~2004年我国H1N1甲型流感病毒血凝素HA1编码的氨基酸在种系发育树上同年代基本呈现集中分布,与时间和地域无关,2005年毒株分成两个分支在时间上有明显差异。     

哺乳动物性别决定的研究进展

近年来,人们对与哺乳动物性别决定相关的SRY、SOX9、SF－1、WT1和DAX－1基因的结构、功能和产物之间的相互作用进行了一系列的研究,使人们对哺乳动物的性别决定分子机制的探索又向前推进了一步,这将对发育生物学和性别决定的进化研究起到了推动作用。     

香蕉MuNPR1-1基因的克隆与表达分析

利用同源序列法克隆了中山大蕉中的MuNPR1-1和MePR-1基因,RT-PCR分析了MuNPR1-1和MePR-1基因对香蕉枯萎病4号小种的应答反应,结果表明抗病的中山大蕉幼苗叶片经香蕉枯萎病4号小种接菌诱导后,MuNPR1-1基因的表达水平在诱导后12 h达到最高,高表达持续到24 h,在72 h降到接近起始状态,病原相关蛋白MePR-1基因的表达在24 h达到最高,48 h开始下降,72 h又恢复到起始水平。而感病的粉蕉中MuNPR1-1在0、12和24 h无明显变化,在48-72 h表达增加,病原相关蛋白MePR-1基因的表达在0、12和24 h无明显变化,在48-72 h有增加,但表达强度低于中山大蕉。这表明了抗病的中山大蕉的MuNPR1-1基因对病原菌信号分子的反应比感病品种粉蕉敏感,有助于激活下游防卫基因的表达。     

一个在肝癌中表达下调的基因syap1的克隆和鉴定

肿瘤细胞区别于正常细胞的最基本特征是细胞生长失控和分化受阻。这种细胞生长失控和分化受阻是由于多种遗传性缺陷积累的结果,这主要表现在两个方面:一是癌基因的激活或过度表达,阻止细胞分化,促进细胞生长;另一方面是肿瘤抑制基因的失活。在肝癌研究中人们发现有多处染色体DNA发生缺失如染色体1p、4q、5q、6q、8p、10p、11p、13q、16q、17p和22q区域,提示这些区域可能存在肿瘤抑制基因。其中13q、17p和8p区域的肿瘤抑制     

cDNA cloning and expression of a novel estrogen receptor beta-subtype in goldfish (Carassius auratus)

We have isolated a second goldfish estrogen receptor (ER) beta-subtype (gfER-beta2) cDNA which is distinct from the liver-derived ER-beta (gfER-beta1) cDNA reported previously. The 2650-bp cDNA, isolated from a goldfish pituitary and brain cDNA library, encodes a 610 amino acid (aa) protein which shows only a 53% aa sequence identity with gfER-beta1 in overall structure. RT-PCR analysis showed that mRNA of gfER-beta2, in contrast to that of gfER-beta1, was predominantly expressed in pituitary, telencephalon and hypothalamus as well as in liver of female goldfish. The existence of a second distinct ER-beta subtype opens new dimensions for studying tissue-specific regulation of gene expression by estrogen in the tetraploid goldfish.     

Mouse hepatocyte growth factor activator gene: its expression not only in the liver but also in the gastrointestinal tract

A cDNA encoding mouse hepatocyte growth factor activator (HGFA) has been cloned by RT-PCR, based on the screening result from the database of expressed sequence tags. Subsequently, its gene was cloned from a mouse genomic bacterial artificial chromosome library using the cDNA as a probe. Sequencing analysis revealed that mouse HGFA protein deduced from the cDNA, similar to its human and rat counterparts, has two epidermal growth factor-like domains, type 1 and 2 fibronectin homology domains, a single kringle domain and a catalytic domain of serine proteinase, and the gene consists of 14 exon spanning approximately 7.5 kb. Interestingly, mouse HGFA mRNA was detected not only in the liver but also in the gastrointestinal tract by RNA blot analysis. Since hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is up-regulated in the damaged gastrointestinal mucosa, our present data suggest that HGFA might activate proHGF directly in the gastrointestinal mucosa and play an important role in wound repair throughout the gastrointestinal tract.     

Cloning and expression of sterol Delta 14-reductase from bovine liver.

Biosynthesis of cholesterol represents one of the fundamental cellular metabolic processes. Sterol Delta 14-reductase (Delta 14-SR) is a microsomal enzyme involved in the conversion of lanosterol to cholesterol in mammals. Amino-acid sequence analysis of a 38-kDa protein purified from bovine liver in our laboratory revealed > 90% similarity with a human sterol reductase, SR-1, encoded by the TM7SF2 gene, and with the C-terminal domain of human lamin B receptor. A cDNA encoding the 38-kDa protein, similar to human TM7SF2, was identified by analysis of a bovine expressed sequence tag (EST) database. The cDNA was synthesized by RT-PCR, cloned, and sequenced. The cDNA encodes a 418 amino-acid polypeptide with nine predicted transmembrane domains. The deduced amino-acid sequence exhibits high similarity with Delta 14-SR from yeasts, fungi, and plants (55-59%), suggesting that the bovine cDNA encodes Delta 14-SR. Northern blot analysis of bovine tissues showed high expression of mRNA in liver and brain. The polypeptide encoded by the cloned cDNA was expressed in COS-7 cells. Immunofluorescence analysis of transfected cells revealed a distribution of the protein throughout the ER. COS-7 cells expressing the protein exhibited Delta 14-SR activity about sevenfold higher than control cells. These results demonstrate that the cloned bovine cDNA encodes Delta 14-SR and provide evidence that the human TM7SF2 gene encodes Delta 14-SR.     

Molecular cloning and functional expression of rat liver cytosolic acetyl-CoA hydrolase.

A cytosolic acetyl-CoA hydrolase (CACH) was purified from rat liver to homogeneity by a new method using Triton X-100 as a stabilizer. We digested the purified enzyme with an endopeptidase and determined the N-terminal amino-acid sequences of the two proteolytic fragments. From the sequence data, we designed probes for RT-PCR, and amplified CACH cDNA from rat liver mRNA. The CACH cDNA contains a 1668-bp ORF encoding a protein of 556 amino-acid residues (62 017 Da). Recombinant expression of the cDNA in insect cells resulted in overproduction of functional acetyl-CoA hydrolase with comparable acyl-CoA chain-length specificity and Michaelis constant for acetyl-CoA to those of the native CACH. Database searching shows no homology to other known proteins, but reveals high similarities to two mouse expressed sequence tags (91% and 93% homology) and human mRNA for KIAA0707 hypothetical protein (50% homology) of unknown function.