Epstein-Barr病毒的免疫调控与逃逸机制北大核心CSCD

EB病毒(Epstein-Barr Virus,EBV)属于γ疱疹病毒科,是第一个被发现与人类肿瘤相关的DNA病毒。EB病毒通过激活Toll样受体(Toll like receptors,TLRs)信号通路,诱导I型干扰素的大量释放和功能性的自噬机制,从而引起机体的免疫应答。然而,相对于其他疱疹病毒,EB病毒已进化出更为精细且错综复杂的机制来破坏和逃逸宿主的免疫系统,如限制自身蛋白表达、活化宿主的泛素-蛋白酶体系统、干扰或逆转自噬与泛素化修饰等。这些机制会引发EB病毒在宿主体内的持续性感染,导致宿主免疫功能失调,引发EB病毒相关疾病(如鼻咽癌、传染性单核细胞增多症等)。因此,研究EB病毒特异性的免疫调控机制不仅对深入理解EB病毒的潜伏性感染和致癌性至关重要,而且还将为EB病毒诱发的相关疾病的免疫预防与治疗鉴定出新的潜在靶点。此文主要阐述了EB病毒调控宿主免疫应答和逃逸先天免疫应答的分子机制。     

Epstein—Barr病毒相关疾病的免疫治疗与疫苗发展策略

简要介绍了EB病毒的感染类型及机体对不同类型EB病毒感染的免疫反应,并对EB病毒相关疾病的免疫治疗手段和疫苗发展策略进行了评述。     

EB病毒及其疫苗的研究进展

EB病毒广泛存在于人群中,它的潜伏感染与多种疾病密切相关,包括鼻咽癌等恶性肿瘤,研制疫苗用于EB病毒相关疾病的预防和治疗十分必要。本综述了EB病毒的结构及基因表达特点、EB病毒潜伏期感染基因表达及潜伏期基因产物的功能,以及研制EB病毒疫苗的靶抗原的选择。     

美国马里兰罗克维尔生物技术研究实验室(有限公司)研制一套测定人体血液里抗EB病毒(EBV)的抗体水平的商品酶免疫测定(EIA)仪

<正> EB病毒是传染性单核细胞增多症的一种病原体,也是鼻咽癌和Burkitts淋巴瘤的一种病毒。这套新仪器是根据通过单克隆抗体分离出的一些特异性病毒抗原研制的。据报道,这套仪器所利用的EIA技术可以提供很大数量的样品供技术员每小时分析使用,并用分光光度测定法测定其结果,与前测定系统比较,用这种分光光度测定得出的分析结果具有更高的客观     

EB病毒诱导的胸腺恶性T细胞淋巴瘤细胞体外长期培养研究

建立含有EB病毒的T细胞淋巴瘤细胞系,为探讨EB病毒的致瘤机理,研究EB病毒在T细胞淋巴瘤发生过程中的作用提供手段.在TPA协同EB病毒诱导胸腺恶性T细胞淋巴瘤动物模型的基础上,联合应用IL-2,将诱导的肿瘤组织进行体外细胞培养,成功地分离获得一株在体外长期存活的淋巴细胞TET.T细胞亚群分类实验证实TET细胞为CD4阳性的T淋巴细胞,PCR和原位杂交可检测到EB病毒的EBERs、LMP1和BARF1,并有LMP1蛋白的表达.TET细胞的获得,有望在体外建立转化细胞系,为体外研究EB病毒的致瘤机理及防治提供理想的实验材料.     

EB病毒相关疾病与免疫应答

ＥＢ病毒感染引起的相关疾病有传染性单核细胞增多症、Ｘ连锁淋巴细胞增殖综合征、伯基特淋巴瘤、鼻咽癌、移植后淋巴细胞增殖病、腮腺癌、霍奇金病等。针对ＥＢ病毒膜抗原ｇｐ８５抗体有中和作用。针对ｇｐ３５０抗原的抗体与抗体依赖性细胞介导的细胞毒作用有关。在限制ＥＢ病毒感染的Ｂ细胞增殖过程中,ＣＤ４＾＋Ｔ细胞和ＣＤ８＾＋Ｔ细胞起重要作用。     

EB病毒及其癌基因LMP1对上皮细胞的转化作用

EB病毒(EBV)是一种人群感染率较高的致病性疱疹病毒,与伯基特氏淋巴瘤、鼻咽癌的关系最为明确。近年来EBV在上皮源性肿瘤发生、发展中的作用受到众多学的关注,而其癌基因LMP1在上皮源性肿瘤发病的病因学方面的作用更成为研究的热点。本综述就EBV进入上皮细胞、永生化上皮细胞的机制、LMP1的基本结构及其对上皮细胞的生物学功能作一较为详细的阐述。     

EB病毒血清学试验进展

<正>序言 生命早期的婴儿常常发生EB病毒(EBV)感染。这些感染通常是无症状的或者伴轻度非特异性表现。EBV感染在世界发达地区和当年轻成人原发或初期感染时往往表现为传染性单核细胞增多症(IM)。此病毒最初是在伯基特氏淋巴瘤持续感染的淋巴细胞系中发现的。EBV感染首先是B淋巴细胞。B淋巴细胞在EBV原发感染后继续庇护该病毒染色体组,并保持其潜伏感染,很可     

EBV与HCMV传染性单核细胞增多症患儿的实验室指标比较

目的观察EB病毒（EBV）与人类巨细胞病毒（HCMV）感染所致的传染性单核细胞增多症（IM）患儿超敏C-反应蛋白（hs-CRP）、白细胞（WBC）计数、嗜中性粒细胞比值（N）、异常淋巴细胞（异淋）、嗜异性抗体和血清酶的变化。方法选择70例确诊有EBV病毒感染且具备传染性单核细胞增多症临床特点的患儿（A组）进行实验室检测指标分析及总结;并与37例HCMV相关传染性单核细胞增多症患儿（B组）进行比较。结果与EB组（A组）比较,HCMV组（B组）感染患儿hs-CRP水平、肌酸激酶同功酶（CK-MB）、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、外周血WBC计数、异型淋巴细胞增高程度较低（P〈0.05）,嗜异性抗体常为阴性,两组N值差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论 EBV与HCMV感染所致的传染性单核细胞增多症患儿的实验室指标变化不同,应重视IM患儿的实验室检查以辅助诊断。     

EB病毒BNLF-1基因的分子生物学研究进展

位于EB病毒基因组U₅-TR区内的BNLF-1基因,其转译产物为潜伏膜蛋白(latent membrane protein1, LMP-1),由于LMP-1可以导致细胞转化并在EB病毒致癌过程中具有重要作用,因而成为近年来EB病毒分子生物学及相关肿瘤如人鼻咽癌、伯基特淋巴瘤、何杰金氏病等疾病病因发病学研究的热点,并取得了一批有重要意义的成果,文章从BNLF-1的基因结构及表达调控, LMP蛋白的结构及生化功能, LMP-1的生物学功能和LMP-1研究进行评述.     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.