RIP3蛋白的研究进展

受体相互作用蛋白-3是丝/苏氨酸蛋白激酶家族成员（RIPs）之一,该蛋白家族作为细胞重要应激传感分子,在调控细胞存活、细胞凋亡和细胞坏死通路中发挥重要作用.近年研究发现,RIP3参与肿瘤坏死因子TNF-α诱导的细胞程序性坏死生物学过程,是TNF-α诱导的细胞凋亡与坏死不同死亡途径转换的关键开关分子.本文就RIP3分子的发现、结构特点、细胞亚定位、生理功能及其分子机制进行综述,并对RIP3分子的研究进行了展望.     

混合系激酶区域样蛋白的研究进展

程序性坏死是近年来发现的一种由死亡受体介导的caspases非依赖性细胞死亡模式,通常在凋亡被抑制的情况下发生,具有坏死细胞的形态学特征。受体相互作用蛋白(receptor interacting protein,RIP)1和3是程序性坏死信号通路中极为重要的调节蛋白。MLKL作为RIP1/RIP3的下游调控物质,已被证明在TNF诱导的程序性坏死下游通路中起着重要作用。本文就MLKL的发现、生理功能及其分子机制进行综述。     

RIP1介导肿瘤坏死因子α诱导的L929细胞凋亡与程序性坏死

肿瘤坏死因子α(tumor necrosis factor alpha,TNFα)诱导的L929细胞死亡是研究细胞程序性坏死的重要模型,但也有报道称,TNFα处理后的L929细胞发生了凋亡。该研究以所在实验室保存的L929细胞(L929-A)和从商业化细胞库购买的L929细胞(L929-N)为模型,进一步鉴定了TNFα诱导的L929细胞死亡类型与调控机制。结果发现,TNFα处理后的L929-A细胞中出现了凋亡特征,且阻断胱冬肽酶(caspase)信号通路可显著抑制TNFα诱导的L929-A细胞死亡,但却促进TNFα诱导的L929-N细胞死亡。此外,受体相互作用蛋白1(receptor-interacting protein 1,RIP1)在TNFα诱导的两种L929细胞死亡过程中都具有关键性的调控作用,表明TNFα处理后的L929-A细胞发生了RIP1依赖的细胞凋亡,而L929-N细胞发生了程序性坏死(necroptosis)。同时,启动细胞程序性坏死的关键蛋白RIP3(receptor-interacting protein 3)在L929-N细胞中表达水平显著高于L929-A细胞,因此,RIP3的这种差异表达可能是决定两种L929细胞在TNFα处理后发生不同类型细胞程序性死亡的重要原因。     

RIP3介导程序性坏死与炎症研究进展CSCD

受体相互作用蛋白激酶3(receptor-interacting protein kinase 3,RIP3/RIPK3)是RIP家族中的一员,具有丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶活性,通过与RIP1形成坏死复合体能够介导caspase非依赖的细胞坏死。研究发现,RIP3也参与众多感染和无菌性炎性疾病的病理进程。本文就RIP3在细胞程序性坏死方面的调控机制和其在坏死依赖性与非依赖性炎症方面作一综述。     

RIP3介导程序性坏死与炎症研究进展

受体相互作用蛋白激酶3(receptor-interacting protein kinase 3,RIP3/RIPK3)是RIP家族中的一员,具有丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶活性,通过与RIP1形成坏死复合体能够介导caspase非依赖的细胞坏死。研究发现,RIP3也参与众多感染和无菌性炎性疾病的病理进程。本文就RIP3在细胞程序性坏死方面的调控机制和其在坏死依赖性与非依赖性炎症方面作一综述。     

RIP3及其生物学功能研究进展

受体相互作用蛋白3(receptor-interacting protein 3,RIP3)是RIP家族成员之一,具有特异的丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶活性。其独特的C端结构不具有介导死亡所需要的蛋白结构域却能够感受细胞内环境的变化从而调控细胞的死亡;它具有RIP同型结构域(RIP homotypic interaction motif,RHIM),能与RIP1结合并发生磷酸化从而调控核因子-κB(nuclear factor-kappa B,NF-κB)的活性变化,这与细胞的存活密切相关。本文对RIP3的结构特性、它与其他信号分子的相互作用、其所具有的生物学功能等方面的研究情况作一综述。     

TNF受体家族介导的细胞凋亡信号转导

肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）家族是一类多功能的细胞因子,具有诱导细胞凋亡、抗病毒、免疫调节等多种生物学活性.其中一些成员可以通过和细胞膜上相应受体（即TNF受体家族成员）结合,启动细胞内的凋亡机制,而诱导细胞凋亡.一些蛋白质（如TRADD、FADD、RIP、RAIDD等）参与这些信号传递过程.越来越多的TNF家族成员、TNF受体以及与细胞凋亡相关的Caspase蛋白酶家族成员被人们发现.     

CO2浓度对棉铃虫及其天敌种间关系的影响

肿瘤坏死因子TNF-α是一个多效性细胞因子,参与调节炎症反应、细胞凋亡和坏死等,一项新研究显示蛋白激酶RIP3是决定TNF-α诱导的细胞坏死的关键蛋白。在受到坏死信号刺激时,一个包含有RIP3和激酶RIPK1的蛋白复合体会被诱导形成。过量表达的RIP3激酶死亡突变体与内源性RIPK1相结合,从而抑制细胞坏死途径。RIP3只在一些细胞中选择性表达,     

TNF-α信号传导通路的分子机理

肿瘤坏死因子α（tumor necrosis factor-alpha,TNF-α）是一种具有多效生物学效应的细胞因子.TNF的生物学效应都是通过细胞表面的2种TNF受体（TNFR）引发,其信号传导通路主要包括caspase家族介导的细胞凋亡、衔接蛋白TRAF介导的转录因子NF-κB和JNK蛋白激酶的活化.TNFR1和TNFR2的生物学功能不是独立的,许多生物学活性由二者共同完成.3条信号传导通路之间及各通路内部含有各种调节机制,使TNF的各种生物学功能协调发挥出来.本文评述了3条信号传导通路最新进展、关键激酶的研究状况及其在整个信号网络中的作用机理,如IKK的激活以及重要的信号转导分子RIP、TRAF2、TRUSS的结构、相互作用的方式等     

受体相互作用蛋白3（RIP3）调控细胞自噬的研究进展

受体相互作用蛋白3(receptor-interacting protein 3,RIP3)是一种丝氨酸-苏氨酸蛋白激酶，因其参与细胞自噬的调控而受到广泛关注。本文就RIP3在细胞自噬的发展和调控机制中的作用进行了总结。RIP3可参与mTOR信号通路的调节，同时与多种自噬所必须的蛋白发生相互作用，包括GNAI3/RGSI9、P62和TFEB等，从而其在自噬启动、自噬体形成和自噬溶酶体成熟等多个阶段发挥正向或负向调控作用，为进一步探究RIP3对细胞程序性死亡的调控机制及相关疾病治疗的潜在分子靶标筛选提供参考。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.