Ⅰ型人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV-1)逆转录酶在大肠杆菌中的表达及其初步纯化

Ⅰ型人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV-1)逆转录酶(RT)在抗病毒感染及AIDS治疗药物的设计中是一个重要的靶分子,并且可作为工具酶应用于逆转录PCR等分子生物学研究中。本研究将HIV-1RT基因经PCR扩增并修饰后克隆入大肠杆菌表达载体pBV220,所获重组子所表达的HIV-1RT蛋白占菌体总蛋白的8％左右,且经[~3H]dTTP掺入法证实该重组HIV-1RT具有RT聚合酶活性。用Q-Sepharose层析柱对重组HIV-1RT蛋白进行了初步纯化,所获纯化样品的RT聚合酶比活性(1.7×10~4U/mg)比纯化前的裂解上清提高612倍。     

Discovery of triazolinone non-nucleoside inhibitors of HIV reverse transcriptase

Novel non-nucleoside inhibitors of HIV-RT that contain pyridazinone isosteres were prepared, and a series of triazolinones were found to be potent inhibitors of HIV replication. These compounds were active against several NNRTI-resistant virus strains. Pharmacokinetic studies indicated that inhibitor 7e has good bioavailability in rats. Several fragments of inhibitor 7c were prepared, and the binding of these compounds to HIV-RT was analyzed by surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy.     

抗人呼吸道合胞病毒融合糖蛋白单克隆抗体的制备及体外鉴定

目的:获得能稳定分泌抗人呼吸道合胞病毒(human respiratory syncytial virus, RSV)融合糖蛋白(fusion glycoprotein, F)单克隆抗体(monoclonal antibody, mAb)的杂交瘤细胞株,以期用于RSV感染的早期诊断和被动免疫治疗研究。方法:通过杂交瘤技术制备可特异性识别RSV F的单抗,体外鉴定生物学特性。结果:获得了可分泌抗RSV F蛋白的杂交瘤细胞株F8,体外连续传代培养2个月,能稳定分泌抗体F8,培养上清效价为1∶1000,亲和常数(Ka)为6.8×10⁸ L/mol。F8属IgG1型抗体,可特异性识别RSV F1亚单位的AA 205-222。免疫酶法蚀斑减少中和实验证实F8具有体外中和活性及融合抑制活性。结论:获得具有中和活性的抗RSV F蛋白的单克隆抗体,为RSV感染的早期诊断及被动免疫治疗等奠定了基础。     

高价麻疹单克隆抗体的研制和应用

作者曾报道过,获取高价单克隆抗体(McAb)与免疫方法有关。本文报道获得麻疹高价单克隆抗的途径,以及将其用作捕捉抗体以提高ELISA双抗体夹心法检测麻疹IgG抗体的敏感性。     

流行性出血热病毒单克隆抗体的反向被动血凝和被动血凝抑制试验在诊断中的初步应用

本文用流行性出血热病毒单克隆抗体致敏羊血球,做反向被动血凝和被动血凝抑制试验。检查出血热病毒抗原和抗体,不仅敏感,性能稳定,而且操作简便、快速。     

单克隆抗体对感染流行性感冒病毒的小鼠的疗效观察

治疗流行性感冒(简称流感)对年老体弱者有着重要意义。由于流感病毒的一个新亚型出现后,往往要经历十几年至20多年的流行,因此选出具有亚型内共同抗原决定簇的McAb,用于治疗流感是可行的,文献也曾有过报道。前文已报道关于甲3型流感病毒McAb的建立,本文用抗甲3型流感病毒上海/32/84血凝素McAb,与1977年以来分离的甲3型流感     

The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 carboxyl-terminal third of capsid sequence in Gag-Pol is essential but not sufficient for efficient incorporation of Pr160<Superscript><Emphasis Type=Italic>gag-pol</Emphasis></Superscript> into virus particles

To elucidate the role of the C-terminal portion of Gag in the incorporation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Gag-Pol into virus particles, a series of HIV-1 Gag-Pol mutants with deletions in the C-terminalgag sequence was constructed and viral incorporation of the Gag-Pol deletion mutants was analyzed using cotransfecting 293T cells with a Pr55^gag expression plasmid. The biological function of the incorporated HIV-1pol gene product was tested using an infectivity assay of the released virus particles which were pseudotyped with the murine leukemia virus Env. Analysis indicated that Gag-Pol deletion mutants, with a removal of the matrix (MA) and/or nucleocapsid (NC) or of the N-terminal two thirds of thegag coding sequence, could be incorporated efficiently into virus particles and produce significant amounts of infectious virions when assayed in a single-cycle infection assay. In contrast, mutations involving a deletion of the major homology region and the adjacent C-terminal capsid sequence significantly affected Gag-Pol incorporation. However, incorporation into virus particles of a Gag-Pol deletion mutant retaining both the major homology region and the adjacent C-terminal capsid intact was still severely impaired. This suggests that the capsid major homology region and the adjacent C-terminal capsid sequence in Gag-Pol are necessary but not sufficient for the incorporation of HIV-1 Pr160^gag-pol into virus particles.     

Japanese Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Are Negative for Known Retrovirus Infections

Although chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is known to be the syndrome that begins with an acute flu-like illness that may be due to the exposure to an infectious agent, there has been no convincing evidence on the causative agents. Recently, human T-lymphotropic virus type II (HTLV-II)-like virus has been reported to be associated with the CFS by using HTLV Western blot analysis and polymerase chain reaction. However, some investigators could not detect HTLV-II by indirect immunofluorescence analysis. Lately, CFS patients have been reported in Japan. We detected all 30 tested patients with CFS were seronegative for HTLV-II, HTLV-I and HIV by specific peptide ELISA and Western blot. Further, PCR analysis was negative for HTLV-II and retrovirus was not detected by coculture method with patients' PBMC. Thus, known human retrovirus infections do not cause a CFS in Japan.     

生物制品中逆转录酶活性检测

在以往报道的逆转录酶（RT）检测方法的基础上,以噬菌体MS2RNA为模板,在有外源RT作用下,缩短逆转录的时间,产生特异性cDNA,经过PCR扩增,增加了试验的灵敏度。在PCR过程中,加入了RnaseA酶消化步骤,降低了逆转录反应的pH值到5．3,并用高浓度的琼脂糖凝胶观察扩增产物,减低了由于细胞内DNA聚合酶造成的假阳性结果的产生,而且使方法得到简化。     

马立克氏病毒单克隆抗体的研究

获得了4株分泌马立克氏病毒(MDV)特异性单克隆抗体(McAb)的杂交瘤细胞:4BS10对MDV所有毒株呈阳性反应;4CN8 对MDV血清1,3型毒株发生反应;2BN90和4CN24只对MDV血清1型毒株有阳性反应。3个McAb属IgG1,1个为IgG2b,均不中和MDV,免疫扩散试验也无沉淀线。对禽白血病毒(ALV)无交叉反应。 以2BN90和辣根过氧化物酶、异硫氰酸荧光素的结合物进行直接酶联免疫吸附试验和直接荧光抗体试验,均获得成功。抗体滴度前者为1/51,200,后者为1/640。对ALV无交叉反应。     

抗单纯疱疹病毒单克隆抗体的研究——Ⅱ.单克隆抗体介导细胞毒效应的研究

建立了单克隆抗体(McAb)介导细胞毒作用(ADCC)~(51)Cr释放试验的测定力法。确定了最适工作条件。ADCC测定结果表明,5株抗HSV McAb介导ADCC的活性不同:McAb 1A12、2A8和1G8无ADCC活性;而1D10和2C5两株McAb作1:10稀释时,~(51)Cr释放率分别为27.09％和25.07％,稀释至1:100或1:1000时仍有ADCC活性。结果提示,不同的McAb抗原决定族诱导产生的抗体,在介导ADCC免疫保护作用上有差异,并为McAh治疗临床单纯疱疹病毒感染的可能性提供了实验资料。     

牛病毒性腹泻病毒单克隆抗体的研究

牛病毒性腹泻——粘膜病是世界性广泛流行的奶牛和肉牛的传染病。其病原为牛病毒性腹泻病毒(BVDV),属于披膜病毒科的瘟病毒属,它的许多生物学特性至今还不很清楚。本试验建立了12株分泌抗BVDV的单克隆抗体(McAb)杂交瘤细胞株,并结合免疫转移电泳法和放射免疫沉淀法,初步研究了BVDV的多肽。     

应用菜粉蝶颗粒体病毒单克隆抗体对不同株病毒进行抗原分析

应用杂交瘤技术,以大菜粉蝶颗粒体病毒(pbGV)、菜粉蝶颗粒体病毒北京分离株(prGV-801)、武汉分离株(prGVw1-78)和济南分离株(prGV-J)等4株病毒为抗原,获得9株杂交瘤细胞(Fr1～9)。ELISA测定细胞培养上清抗体效价最高达8000,腹水效价最高达450000。9株杂交瘤细胞所分泌的抗体,各呈现株或组特异性,其中pr1～4分别与4个毒株起反应,pr5～8可与2～3个毒株起反应,而Pr9则与所有4个毒株均起反应。据此,认为这4个毒株有抗原性差异。不同毒株间抗原性的差异不仅存在于病毒粒子上,而且也存在于颗粒体蛋白上。讨论了昆虫病毒单克隆抗体在鉴别病毒抗原性差异,生物防治和流行病学研究中的意义。     

分泌人体肝癌单克隆抗体的两个小鼠杂交瘤株及其抗体的专一性分析(简报)

有证据表明人体肝癌细胞表面膜抗原的成份与正常肝细胞的有差异。应用125I UdR释放试验也证明肝癌患者的周围血淋巴细胞对体外培养的肝癌细胞有细胞毒作用。表明患者的免疫系统有可能识别这些膜抗原的差异性。但除了与人体肝癌有交义反应的胚胎肝抗原的性质有些初步报道以外,人体肝癌相关抗原的种类     

非缺陷性网状内皮组织增生病毒的血清学区别

26株来自各种禽的网状内皮组织增生病毒(REV),用多克隆的抗REV鸡血清做交叉中和试验,用REV、T株,Coo1株所制备的单克隆抗体做免疫荧光试验,比较这些毒株之间的抗原关系,从交叉中和试验结果看,它们之间的抗原关系十分接近,可以认为同属于单一血清型;但也确实存在微小差异,因此又可以将它们分为三个血清亚型,这一结果巳被单克隆抗体检验所证实。     

甲3型流感病毒早期分离株的抗原特点

目前认为,1968年甲3型流感发生时,至少有二种H3N2亚型的变异株同时存在。一种是1968年7月在香港分离的A/HK/1/68;另一种是1968年8月在日本分离的A/Aichi/2/68。Webster等用一组抗A/Mem/1/77(H3N2)血凝素(HA)的单克隆抗体证实,二种变异株至少有一个反应部位不同。这可能是H3N2亚型有二种不同的世系(lineage),