紫红獐牙菜口山酮及环烯醚萜类化合物的研究

采用各种柱色谱法对紫红獐牙菜的石油醚和正丁醇部位进行分离纯化,从石油醚部位分离鉴定得到6个化合物,利用理化性质和波谱学方法分别鉴定为oleanolic acid(1),swerchirin(2),sweriaperenine(3),bellidifo-lin(4),gentiacaulein(5)和1,7,8-trihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone(6);从正丁醇部位分离鉴定得到9个化合物,分别鉴定为8-[(β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-1,5-dihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone(7),5-[(β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-1,8-di-hydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone(8),7-[(β-D-xylopyranosyl)oxy]-1,8-dihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone(9),8-[(β-D-gluco-pyranosyl)oxy]-1,3,5-trimethoxyxanthone(10),swertiamarin(11),tetrahydrosertianolin(12),8-hydroxy-10-hydro-sweroside(13),campestroside(14)以及uridine(15)。其中,化合物15首次从该属植物中得到,化合物9、10、12和13首次从该植物中分离得到。     

中国红参化学成分的研究(Ⅱ)

目的:研究五加科人参属常用中药红参的化学成分。方法:采用硅胶柱层析、反相柱层析、Sephadex LH-20柱层析、半制备液相色谱等方法分离纯化,根据理化性质和波谱数据鉴定化合物的结构。结果:从红参中分离并鉴定5个化合物,结构分别为:异麦芽酚甘露糖苷(isomaltol-3-α-D-O-mannopyranoside 1),人参皂苷Rc(2),麦芽酚(3),β-谷甾醇(4),棕榈酸(5)。结论:化合物1为首次从五加科中分离得到。     

钟花报春花的化学成分研究(Ⅱ)

从钟花报春花Primula sikkmensis Hook.中分离得到5个化合物,通过波谱分析其结构分别鉴定为5-羟基黄酮(1),2-苯基色原酮(2),5,8-二羟基黄酮(3),2’-羟基黄酮(4),3’-羟基-黄酮-4’-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(5)。其中化合物1～4首次从该属植物中分离得到,化合物5首次从该植物中分离得到,并首次对3的NMR数据进行了归属。     

小茴香根的化学成分研究

从小茴香(Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)根的乙醇提取物中分离得到了5个化合物,通过MS和NMR等方法鉴定为:莳萝脑(1),亚油酸蔗糖苷(2),镰叶芹二醇(3),β-谷甾醇(4),豆甾醇-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(5),其中化合物2和3首次从该种植物中分离得到。     

黄檗落叶化学成分的研究

从黄檗落叶的95％乙醇提取物中分离鉴定了7个化合物,分别为phellodenol-A(1),茵芋苷(skimmin,2),phellodenol E(3),黄檗苷(amurensin,4),黄柏苷(phellamurin,5),(2R) -phellodensin-F(6)和clerosterol 3-Oβ-D-galactopyranoside (7).其中,化合物7为首次从黄柏属植物中分离得到,化合物3和6为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

青蕨根化学成分的研究

从青蕨根部的氯仿提取组分中分离得到5个已知化合物,在对其理化性质及波谱分析的基础上,分别将其结构鉴定为licoagrochalcone D(1),香草醛(2),檞皮素(3),dihydroechioidinin(4),β-谷甾醇(5)。化合物1,3和4为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

石蝉草的脂溶性成分

为研究石蝉草(Peperomia dindygulensis Miq.)的脂溶性化学成允,通过溶剂萃取、硅胶柱色谱、重结晶分离纯化,从石蝉草乙醇提取物的氯仿萃取部位分离得到7个化合物,经光谱学数据鉴定为:peperomin A(1),peperomin D(2),surinone C(3),proetorione C(4),cepharanone B(5),正十八酸(6),豆甾醇(7).化合物5为首次从该属植物中分离得到,除化合物1和2,其余所有成分均为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

降香中的酚性化合物

从降香(Dalbergia odorifera)中分离得到10个酚性化合物,运用波谱学方法分别鉴定为dalbergin(1),7-O-methylvestitol(2),syringaresinol(3),3,7-dihydroxy-2',4'-dimethoxyisoflavanone(4),3'-hydroxy-8-methoxyvestitol(5),2',6-dihydroxy-4'-methoxy-2-arylbenzofuran(6),3'-O-methylviolanone(7),pinocembrin(8),prunetin(9),mucronulatol(10)。其中化合物1具有乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性,化合物2~5为首次从降香中分离得到。     

无梗五加果化学成分的研究

从无梗五加(Acanthopanax sessiliflorus(Rupr.et Maxim.)Seem.)果70%乙醇提取物中分离鉴定了12个化合物.经波谱鉴定为东莨菪内酯(1),原儿茶酸甲酯(2),槲皮素(3),无梗五加苷B(4),金丝桃苷(5),(-)-pinoresinol-4,4'-di-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(6),chiisanoside(7),22a.hydroxyehiisanoside(8),niduloic acid(9),胡萝卜苷(10),东莨菪苷(11)和无梗五加苷D(12).其中化合物9为新天然产物,化合物1,2,6和11是首次从五加科植物中分离得到,化合物3是首次从五加属植物中分离得到.     

蓝桉果实中的脂溶性成分

从蓝桉(Eucalyptus globulusLabill.)果实乙醇提取物的石油醚部位分离鉴定出6个化合物,通过理化和波谱分析结构鉴定为:5-羟基-4′,7-二甲氧基-6-甲基黄酮(1)、blumenol A(2)、蓝桉醇(3)、绿花白千层醇(4)、β-谷甾醇(5)、二十二烷酸(6),其中化合物1~4和化合物6系首次从该植物中分离得到,化合物1和2首次从桉属植物中分离得到.     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.