共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
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Accelerating the process of industrial bacterial host strain development, aimed at increasing productivity, generating new bio-products or utilizing alternative feedstocks, requires the integration of complementary approaches to manipulate cellular metabolism and regulatory networks. Systems metabolic engineering extends the concept of classical metabolic engineering to the systems level by incorporating the techniques used in systems biology and synthetic biology, and offers a framework for the development of the next generation of industrial strains. As one of the most useful tools of systems metabolic engineering, protein design allows us to design and optimize cellular metabolism at a molecular level. Here, we review the current strategies of protein design for engineering cellular synthetic pathways, metabolic control systems and signaling pathways, and highlight the challenges of this subfield within the context of systems metabolic engineering. 相似文献
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利用代谢工程手段理性改造野生大肠杆菌的莽草酸(Shikimic acid,SA)合成途径及相关代谢节点,以构建高产莽草酸的工程菌株.根据细胞代谢网络分析,利用Red-Xer重组系统连续删除了野生型大肠杆菌CICIMB0013的莽草酸激酶基因(aroL、aroK),葡萄糖磷酸转移酶系统(PTS)的关键组分EIICBglc的编码基因(ptsG)以及奎宁酸/莽草酸脱氢酶基因(ydiB)并系统评价了基因删除对细胞的生长、葡萄糖代谢和莽草酸积累的影响.aroL、aroK的删除阻断了莽草酸进一步转化成为莽草酸-3-磷酸,初步提高莽草酸的累积.删除ptsG基因使大肠杆菌PTS系统部分缺失,细胞通过GalP-glk(半乳糖透性酶-葡萄糖激酶)途径,利用ATP将葡萄糖磷酸化后进入细胞.利用该途径运输葡萄糖能够减少PEP的消耗,使得更多的碳代谢流进入莽草酸合成途径,从而显著提高了莽草酸的产量.在此基础上删除ydiB基因,阻止了莽草酸合成的前体物质3-脱氢奎宁酸转化为副产物奎宁酸(Quinic acid,QA),进一步提高了莽草酸的累积.初步发酵显示4个基因缺失的大肠杆菌代谢工程菌生产莽草酸的能力比原始菌提高了90多倍. 相似文献
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植物代谢工程是一个很有发展前景的新兴学科。它可通过多种方法对植物的代谢流进行改造,如加速限制步骤的反应,改变分叉代谢途径的流向,构建代谢旁路,引入转录调节因子、信号因子、植物激素合成基因,扩展和构建新的代谢途径等方法进行。并取得了一些有意义的研究结果。 相似文献
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Metabolic engineering has allowed the production of a diverse number of valuable chemicals using microbial organisms. Many biological challenges for improving bio-production exist which limit performance and slow the commercialization of metabolically engineered systems. Dynamic metabolic engineering is a rapidly developing field that seeks to address these challenges through the design of genetically encoded metabolic control systems which allow cells to autonomously adjust their flux in response to their external and internal metabolic state. This review first discusses theoretical works which provide mechanistic insights and design choices for dynamic control systems including two-stage, continuous, and population behavior control strategies. Next, we summarize molecular mechanisms for various sensors and actuators which enable dynamic metabolic control in microbial systems. Finally, important applications of dynamic control to the production of several metabolite products are highlighted, including fatty acids, aromatics, and terpene compounds. Altogether, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the progress, advances, and prospects in the design of dynamic control systems for improved titer, rate, and yield metrics in metabolic engineering. 相似文献
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作为合成生物学与绿色生物制造等领域的底层核心技术,蛋白理性设计可有效解决天然功能元件性能不足等共性挑战,创制高性能人工酶元件。值此天津工业生物研究所(Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, TIB)创立10周年之际,文中回顾了研究所在工业蛋白理性设计领域的系列重要工作进展。从酶设计方法学研究、新酶反应设计到生物催化应用等方面进行了分析讨论,并展望了本领域未来发展方向。望借此搭建学术界和产业界与酶理性设计的桥梁,促进新技术、新策略的开发应用,加速融合人工酶的基础研究与产业应用,推动我国生物制造领域的科技创新升级。 相似文献
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从嗜高温放线菌Thermobifida fusca中分离得到的苯基丙酮单加氧酶主要催化芳香族化合物的Baeyer-Villiger氧化反应。对该酶的结构和功能进行研究时,发现位于底物结合口袋的Met446位点突变可以赋予突变酶催化C-H键活化的新功能,氧化吲哚合成靛蓝和靛玉红,但产量仅为1.89 mg/L。为了获得合成靛蓝和靛玉红的全细胞催化剂,直接补加吲哚并不能提高细胞合成效率,补加吲哚的前体物质L-色氨酸可以使细胞合成靛蓝和靛玉红的能力提高4.5倍,达到8.43 mg/L。为了进一步提高细胞的生物合成效率,通过代谢工程改造大肠杆菌的糖代谢途径,阻断葡萄糖异构酶基因pgi,使磷酸戊糖途径代替糖酵解途径成为葡萄糖的主要代谢通路,从而为细胞提供更多氧化吲哚所需的辅因子NADPH,导致细胞合成靛蓝和靛玉红的效率进一步提高3倍,达到25 mg/L。通过组合蛋白质工程和代谢工程设计全细胞催化剂不仅可以高效地合成靛蓝和靛玉红,而且设计理念为相关全细胞催化剂的开发提供了一种新的策略。 相似文献
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鸟氨酸是一种非蛋白氨基酸,对氨态氮的排出及解除氨中毒有重要的作用,可用于功能性饮料、减肥保健产品及护肝抗癌药品等,在医疗、保健、食品等领域具有广泛的应用前景。本文系统地总结目前微生物合成鸟氨酸的研究现状,介绍鸟氨酸的分解代谢和合成代谢途径,及其所涉及的关键酶,详细阐述利用代谢工程改造鸟氨酸生产菌的思路,及其所涉及的代谢工程技术和最新研究进展,展望微生物合成鸟氨酸的代谢工程未来发展方向。 相似文献
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维生素是维持人体生命活动必需的一类有机物质,机体本身一般不能合成或合成量不足,因此需经食物或其他强化产品获取。目前,维生素产品已广泛应用于医药、食品添加剂、饲料添加剂、化妆品等领域,而且全球对维生素的需求也是呈逐年增长态势。维生素的生产方法主要包括化学合成法和生物合成法。化学合成法通常安全隐患大、反应条件严苛、废物污染严重,相比之下,代谢工程生产维生素绿色环保安全、能耗低,因此建立微生物细胞工厂具有重大的科学意义和应用需求。文中回顾了近30年来代谢工程在维生素生产领域的研究进展,详细阐述了水溶性维生素(维生素B1、B2、B3、B5、B6、B7、B9、B12和维生素C的前体)和脂溶性维生素(维生素A、维生素D的前体、维生素E和维生素K)的生物合成研究现状,并对其发酵生产的瓶颈进行了探讨,最后对合成生物技术创建维生素生产菌种进行了展望。 相似文献
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This review is devoted to the problems of the physiology and cell biology of microorganisms in relation to metabolic engineering.
The latter is considered as a branch of fundamental and applied biotechnology aimed at controlling microbial metabolism by
methods of genetic engineering and classical genetics and based on intimate knowledge of cell metabolism. Attention is also
given to the problems associated with the metabolic limitation of microbial biosyntheses, analysis and control of metabolic
fluxes, rigidity of metabolic pathways, the role of pleiotropic (global) regulatory systems in the control of metabolic fluxes,
and prospects of physiological and evolutionary approaches in metabolic engineering. 相似文献
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20世纪90年代,Bailey及Stephanopoulos等提出了经典代谢工程的理念,旨在利用DNA重组技术对代谢网络进行改造,以达到细胞性能改善,目标产物增加的目的。自代谢工程诞生以来的30年,生命科学蓬勃发展,基因组学、系统生物学、合成生物学等新学科不断涌现,为代谢工程的发展注入了新的内涵与活力。经典代谢工程研究已进入到前所未有的系统代谢工程阶段。组学技术、基因组代谢模型、元件组装、回路设计、动态控制、基因组编辑等合成生物学工具与策略的应用,大大提升了复杂代谢的设计与合成能力;机器学习的介入以及进化工程与代谢工程的结合,为系统代谢工程的未来开辟了新的方向。文中对过去30年代谢工程的发展趋势作了梳理,介绍了代谢工程在发展中不断创新的理论与方法及其应用。 相似文献
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The inherent evolvability of promiscuous enzymes endows them with great potential to be artificially evolved for novel functions. Previously, we succeeded in transforming a promiscuous acylaminoacyl peptidase (apAAP) from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Aeropyrum pernix K1 into a specific carboxylesterase by making a single mutation. In order to fulfill the urgent requirement of thermostable lipolytic enzymes, in this paper we describe how the substrate preference of apAAP can be further changed from p -nitrophenyl caprylate (p NP-C8) to p -nitrophenyl laurate (p NP-C12) by protein and solvent engineering. After one round of directed evolution and subsequent saturation mutagenesis at selected residues in the active site, three variants with enhanced activity towards p NP-C12 were identified. Additionally, a combined mutant W474V/F488G/R526V/T560W was generated, which had the highest catalytic efficiency (k cat/K m) for p NP-C12, about 71-fold higher than the wild type. Its activity was further increased by solvent engineering, resulting in an activity enhancement of 280-fold compared with the wild type in the presence of 30% DMSO. The structural basis for the improved activity was studied by substrate docking and molecular dynamics simulation. It was revealed that W474V and F488G mutations caused a significant change in the geometry of the active center, which may facilitate binding and subsequent hydrolysis of bulky substrates. In conclusion, the combination of protein and solvent engineering may be an effective approach to improve the activities of promiscuous enzymes and could be used to create naturally rare hyperthermophilic enzymes. 相似文献
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维生素C生物转化的代谢工程研究 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
本从代谢工程角度出发,综述维生素C(Vc)生物转化代谢研究进展。分别论述了3条产生Vc重要前体2-酮基-L-古龙酸(2-KLG)反应路线的代谢机制、反应酶系及代谢工程菌构建等方面的问题;并对Vc生物转化应用前景作了展望。 相似文献
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二硫吡咯酮类抗生素是一类具有独特的吡咯酮二硫杂环戊二烯(4H-[1,2]二硫[4,3-b]吡咯-5-酮)骨架的化合物的总称。基于N-7位酰基侧链的不同以及N-4位是否含有甲基,可分为N-methyl-Nacylpyrrothine、N-acylpyrrothine和thiomarinols等类别。迄今为止,已有27种该类化合物被报道,重要代表包括全霉素(holomycin)、硫藤黄菌素(thiolutin)、金霉素(aureothricin)以及最近发现的thiomarinols。就生物活性而言,二硫吡咯酮类抗生素具有广谱的抗细菌活性,对多种微生物,包括革兰氏阴性菌、革兰氏阳性菌以及寄生虫都有较好的杀灭活性。甚至一些二硫吡咯酮衍生物表现出较强的抗肿瘤活性。近几年来,多个二硫吡咯酮类抗生素的生物合成基因簇相继被报道,其生物合成机理也逐步被阐明。本文将针对目前国内外二硫吡咯酮类抗生素的生物合成研究进展,以及在组合生物合成与代谢工程领域所取得的成果进行综述,旨在为通过合成生物学的方法创造结构新颖、高效低毒的"非天然"二硫吡咯酮类化合物提供理论借鉴。 相似文献
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