Method for Primary Screening of Pharmaceuticals on the Paramecium caudatum Eukaryotic Cell Model

Doklady Biochemistry and Biophysics - The  effect  of  adrenaline  in  various  concentrations  and  dopamine  at...     

Microbial diversity and composition in different gut locations of hyperlipidemic mice receiving krill oil

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology - Low-dose (LD, 100 mg kg−1 day−1), moderate-dose (MD, 200 mg kg−1 day−1), and...     

A novel property of hexokinase inhibition by Favipiravir and proposed advantages over Molnupiravir and 2 Deoxy d glucose in treating COVID-19

Biotechnology Letters - In the wake of SARS-CoV-2’s global spread, human activities from health to social...     

Genetic diversity of Oxytropis section Xerobia (Fabaceae) in one of the centres of speciation

Genetica - The genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of Oxytropis caespitosa, O. grandiflora, O. eriocarpa, O. mixotriche, O. nitens,...     

Dietary Application of the Probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum 426951 Enhances Immune Status and Growth of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Vaccinated Against Yersinia ruckeri

Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins - This study was aimed to assess the effect of oral application of Lactobacillus plantarum (2 × 107 CFU g−1...     

Effect of tryptophan and of glucose on exercise capacity of horses

We hypothesized that central fatigue may have a role in limitingthe endurance capacity of horses. Therefore, we tested the effect ofinfusing tryptophan and/or glucose on endurance time and plasmaconcentrations of free tryptophan and other substrates thought toaffect tryptophan uptake into the brain of seven mares (3-4 yr ofage, 353-435 kg) that ran on a treadmill at 50% of maximalO₂ consumption to fatigue. Withuse of a counterbalanced crossover design, the horses were infused withtryptophan (100 mg/kg in saline solution) or a similar volume of salinesolution (placebo) before exercise. During exercise, horses receivedinfusions of glucose (2 g/min, 50% wt/vol) or a similar volume ofsaline. Thus the treatments were 1)tryptophan and glucose (T & G), 2) tryptophan and placebo (T & P), 3)placebo and glucose (P & G), and 4)placebo and placebo (P & P). Mean heart rate, hematocrit, andconcentration of plasma total solids before and during exercise weresimilar for all trials. Mean time to exhaustion was reduced (P < 0.05) for T & P and T & Gcompared with P & P [86.1 ± 6.9 and 87.1 ± 6.8 vs. 102.3 ± 10.3 (SE) min], whereas endurance for P & G(122.4 ± 11.9 min) was greater than for all other trials (P < 0.05). Compared withnontryptophan trials, during the tryptophan trials plasma prolactinincreased (P < 0.05) nearlythreefold before exercise and almost twofold early in exercise. Muscleglycogen concentrations were reduced(P < 0.05) below preexercise values in the P & G and P & P trials only. However, glucose infusions (P & G)did not affect (P > 0.05)concentrations of plasma free fatty acids or ratios of branched-chainamino acids to free tryptophan. In conclusion, tryptophan infusionreduced endurance time, which was consistent with the central fatiguehypothesis. The failure of glucose infusion to alleviate the effects oftryptophan and the absence of significant muscle glycogen reduction inthe tryptophan trials suggest that the early onset of fatigue in thetryptophan trials is not due to a lack of readily available substrate.

     

Identification of Hybrids between the Far Eastern Redfins Tribolodon hakonensis and T. brandtii Based on the Cephalic Lateral-Line System and Four Molecular Genetic Markers

Journal of Ichthyology - Three species of the genus Tribolodon (T.&nbsp;hakonensis, T.&nbsp;brandtii, and T.&nbsp;sachalinensis) and hybrids between T.&nbsp;hakonensis and...     

Alterations in growth and body composition during puberty. I.Comparing multicompartment body composition models

Roemmich, James N., Pamela A. Clark, Arthur Weltman, andAlan D. Rogol. Alterations in growth and body composition duringpuberty. I. Comparing multicompartment body composition models.J. Appl. Physiol. 83(3): 927-935, 1997.A four-compartment (4C) model of body composition was used as acriterion to determine the accuracy of three-compartment (3C) andtwo-compartment (2C) models to estimate percent body fat (%BF) inprepubertal and pubertal boys (genital I & II,n = 17; genital III & IV,n = 7) and girls (breast I & II, n = 8; breast III & IV,n = 15). The 3C water-density (3C-H₂O) and 3C mineral-densitymodels, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, the Lohman age-adjustedequations, the Slaughter et al. skinfold equations, and the Houtkooperet al. and Boileau bioelectrical impedance equations wereevaluated. Agreement with the 4C model increased with thenumber of compartments (i.e., body water, bone mineral) measured.Except for the 3C-H₂O model, thelimits of agreement were large and did not perform well forindividuals. The mean %BF by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (23.6%)was greater than that of the criterion 4C method (21.7%).For the field methods, the Slaughter et al. skinfold equationsperformed better than did the Houtkooper et al. and Boileaubioimpedance equations. The hydration of the fat-free mass decreased(genital I & II = 75.7%, genital III & IV = 74.8%, breast I & II = 75.5%, breast III & IV = 74.4%) and the mineral content increased(genital I & II = 4.9%, genital III & IV = 5.0%, breast I & II = 5.1%, breast III & IV = 5.7%) with maturation. The densityof the fat-free mass also increased (genital I & II = 1.084 g/ml,genital III & IV = 1.087 g/ml, breast I & II = 1.086 g/ml, breast III & IV = 1.091 g/ml) with maturation. All of the models reduced the %BF overprediction of the Siri 2C model, but only the 4C and3C-H₂O models should be used ascriterion methods for body composition validation in children andadolescents.

     

The importance of turtle populations to wetland restoration in the Upper Mississippi Embayment of the Mississippi Alluvial Valley

Wetlands Ecology and Management - The Upper Mississippi Embayment (UME) ecoregion covers approximately 141,895&nbsp;km2&nbsp;and historically supported 9,712,455&nbsp;ha of bottomland...     

Plant uptake of organic nitrogen in two peatlands

Plant and Soil - In the original article, Fig.&nbsp;3 was mistakenly replaced by a copy of Fig.&nbsp;2. The correct version of Fig.&nbsp;3 is published here.     

Brassica napus responses to short-term excessive copper treatment with decrease of photosynthetic pigments,differential expression of heavy metal homeostasis genes including activation of gene NRAMP4 involved in photosystem II stabilization

Photosynthesis Research - In the present study, the influence of 50 and 100&nbsp;µM CuSO4 was investigated starting from 3&nbsp;h till 72&nbsp;h treatment of 4-weeks Brassica napus...     

Structural features influential to enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose-solvent-based pretreated pinewood and elmwood for ethanol production

Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering - Dissolution of lignocelluloses in N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO or NMO)&nbsp;at moderate conditions, e.g., 120&nbsp;°C for 3&nbsp;h under...     

Lake-wide assessment of microplastics in the surface waters of Lake Baikal,Siberia

Limnology - Small microplastic particles &lt; 330&nbsp;µm, sometimes called mini-microplastics (MMP), are far more abundant than those larger than 330&nbsp;µm....     

FbD directed fabrication and investigation of luliconazole based SLN gel for the amelioration of candidal vulvovaginitis: a 2 T (thermosensitive & transvaginal) approach

Candidal vulvovaginitis (CVV), is the second most leading vaginal infection (global prevalence > 75%), caused due to excessive growth of Candida spp., predominantly Candida albicans (>95% cases). The current treatment regimens for CVV are marred with the challenges of fungal resistance & infection recurrence, subsequently leading to the compromised therapeutic efficacy of anti-fungal drugs, prolonged treatment and low patient compliance. The core of the present research was the fabrication & investigation of 2 T-SLN (solid lipid nanoparticles) gel carrying luliconazole for the amelioration of CVV. ‘2T’ symbolizes transvaginal & thermosensitive attributes of the present formulation. SLNs were prepared by a modified melt emulsification-ultra sonication method using a combination of solid lipids (Gelucire 50/13 & Precirol ATO 5), surfactant (Tween 80) and co-surfactant (Kolliphor). Formulation by design (FbD) approach was adopted to obtain appropriately screened and tailored SLNs. The optimized SLNs yielded a particle size, polydispersity index & entrapment efficiency of 62.18 nm, 0.263 & 81.5% respectively. To formulate the 2 T-gel, the final SLNs were loaded into Carbopol 971P-NF and Triethanolamine based gel. The 2 T-SLN gel was found to be easily spreadable and homogenous with mean extrudability (15 ± 0.4 g/cm²), viscosity (696.42 ± 2.34 Pa·s) and %drug content (93.24 ± 0.73%) values.. The pH of the prepared 2 T-SLN gel (4.5 ± 0.5) was in concordance with the vaginal pH (normal conditions). For in-vitro characterization of an optimized 2 T-SLN gel the release kinetics & anticandidal activity were assessed which offers a %cumulative drug release of 62 ± 0.5% in 72 h and 37.3 ± 1.5 mm zone of inhibition in 48 h. The visual appearance & dimensions were determined using fluorescent microscopy (spherical shape) & transmission electron microscopy (90–120 nm) respectively. The optimized 2 T-SLN gel showcases a skin-friendly profile with no significant signs of erythema and oedema and was found to be stable at room temperature for 2 months without any visual non-uniformity/cracking/breaking. In conclusion, the current research serves a new therapeutic perspective in assessing the activity of luliconazole for vaginal drug delivery using a 2 T-SLN gel system.     

Identification of novel candidate genes by exome sequencing in Tunisian familial male breast cancer patients

Molecular Biology Reports - Male Breast Cancer (MBC) is a rare and aggressive disease that is associated with genetic factors. Mutations in BRCA1&nbsp;and&nbsp;BRCA2&nbsp;account for...     

Greetings from the new Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Plant Research 2021

Journal of Plant Research - It is my pleasure to be writing this editorial as Editor-in-Chief of the&nbsp;Journal of Plant Research&nbsp;(JPR) for the next 4&nbsp;years, following the...     

Ichnology of Lower Cretaceous prodelta and delta front deposits of the Sidi Khalif Formation,Central Tunisia

Facies - The up to 450&nbsp;m-thick Upper Jurassic Lemeš Formation includes organic-rich deep-water (max. ~ 300&nbsp;m) sedimentary rocks deposited in the Lemeš Basin...     

Effect of a Prolonged Dietary Iron Intake on the Gene Expression and Activity of the Testicular Antioxidant Defense System in Rats

Biological Trace Element Research - This study is aimed at evaluating the effect of dietary zinc-methionine (Zn-Met) supplementation during 3&nbsp;months prepartum up to 9&nbsp;months...     

Neotropical Monogenoidea 64. Cosmetocleithrum falsunilatum sp. n. (Monogenoidea,Dactylogyridae) parasite of the gills of Megalodoras uranoscopus (Siluriformes,Doradidae) from the Solimões river,near Iquitos,Peru

Systematic Parasitology - Megalodoras uranoscopus (Eigenmann &amp; Eigenmann) (Siluriformes, Doradidae) (the giant-talking catfish&nbsp;or&nbsp;the giant-raphael catfish), from the...     

Correction to: Towards a trait-based understanding of Symbiodiniaceae nutrient acquisition strategies

Coral Reefs - This erratum is published as panels of Fig.&nbsp;2 were missing with the proper letters as per original submission and should be displayed as (Fig.&nbsp;2).