米仔兰属化学成分及生物活性研究进展

米仔兰属植物在我国民间应用较多,已有不少学者从植物生态学和植物化学等方面对本属植物进行了广泛研究,但相关进展综述迄今尚未见报道。目前对米仔兰属植物化学成分及生物活性的报道较多集中于三萜类成分,该成分因其结构新奇成为米仔兰属所在楝科植物的特征性成分,因此其化学成分及生物活性均为当前研究热点。鉴于此,作者对国内外已报道的米仔兰属植物中化学成分及其生物活性研究进行归纳总结,特别关注其中三萜的不同类型及代表性活性,拟为进一步深入、系统地研究开发米仔兰属其它植物提供参考。     

铁轴草的化学成分

铁轴草(T. queadrifarium Buch-Ham),又称红蒿、小紫苏和绣球防风等,为唇形科(Labiatae)香科科属(Teucrium)植物,广泛分布广西、广东、云南,以及福建、湖南、贵州三省南部地区。民间用其全草入药,它具有镇痛、利湿、防疟和止血等功效。香科科属植物富含克罗烷(clerodane)型二萜化合物;由于这类二萜成分具     

引种的龙脑香科植物对低温适应性的探讨

龙脑香科(Dipterocarpaceae)是东南亚热带植物区系中的一个优势科,属古热带的成分,有15个属580多种。由于这个科植物的热带性较强,有的学者往往把东南亚的一些地区是否有较多的龙脑香科植物的分布作为衡量是否为热带的标志之一,有的把这个科植物的分布在海拔上的上限作为平地热带雨林和山地雨林之间的近似分界线,有的则以我国龙脑香科植物十分贫乏为由而怀疑中国是否存在着真正的热带雨林。可     

大戟属二萜类化学成分和生物活性研究进展

大戟属(Euphorbia)植物化学成分主要包括萜类、黄酮类、酚酸类等成分。该属植物具有抗肿瘤、抗炎、抗HIV等活性。本文主要综述了近十年来大戟属植物中发现的新的二萜类化合物及生物活性研究进展。     

无患子属植物的化学成分及生物活性研究进展

本文对近30年来无患子属植物的化学成分和生物活性研究进展进行了综述,为该属植物的进一步开发利用提供参考.无患子属植物的化学成分主要包括挥发油、三萜皂苷、倍半萜苷类化合物等,这些化合物具有抑菌、抗肿瘤、保肝和表面活性等多方面的生物活性.     

香科科属植物中二萜研究进展

文章综述了近五年来国内外研究香科科属植物中二萜的进展情况,列出了３３个二萜化合物的简要理化常数,重点分析了Ｃｌｅｒｏｄａｎｅ型二萜珠结构特点及光谱特征。     

鹅掌楸属植物化学成分及其生物活性研究进展

本文综述了鹅掌楸属植物化学成分以及该属植物及其部位成分的生物活性,其化学成分包括生物碱、倍半萜、苯丙素、黄酮类等化合物。生物活性包括抗菌、抗疟疾、抗肿瘤等活性。     

天然二萜酚类化合物研究进展

本文从来源、结构类型和生物活性三方面,对近８年来新发现的９８种天然二萜酚类化合物进行了综述。这些化合物主要来源于唇形科、灯心草科、卫预先科等科植物,以唇形科鼠属草属最多,结构类型以脱氢松香酸型及重排脱氢松香酸型三环二萜酚类为主。生物活必玉要为抗氧化、抗微生物及抗肿瘤活性。     

鼠尾草属植物二萜类化学成分的研究进展

鼠尾草属植物富含二萜类化合物,该类成分不仅具有结构的多变性,而且具有广泛的生物活性。该综述就近十年来从鼠尾草属植物中发现的新二萜类化合物及其生物活性进行总结。     

西双版纳地区龙脑香科植物AM真菌的初步研究

 对云南省西双版纳地区17种龙脑香科树种根系丛枝菌根（Arbuscular mycorrhiza, AM）真菌的定居情况进行了调查,并对根围土壤中AM真菌进行了分离和鉴定。结果表明,调查根样均有不同程度的菌根感染,感染率最高可达40%,调查揭示了西双版纳地区龙脑香科植物在自然条件下可形成丛枝菌根。初步从龙脑香科植物根际土壤中分离、鉴定出32种AM真菌,隶属于无梗囊霉属（Acaulospora）、球囊霉属（Glomus）、原囊霉属（Achaeospora）、拟球囊霉属（Paraglomus）和盾巨孢囊霉属（Scutellospora）,其中,无梗囊霉属和球囊霉属真菌为西双版纳地区龙脑香科植物AM真菌优势类群。     

Isolation and characterisation of selected germander diterpenoids from authenticated Teucrium chamaedrys and T. canadense by HPLC, HPLC-mS and NMR

Teucrium species, such as germander, are rich in neo-clerodane diterpenoids and have been used in traditional folk medicine for their stimulant, diuretic, antipyretic and antiseptic properties. However, the furano neo-clerodane diterpenoids present in germander have been implicated in the in vivo hepatotoxicity of this botanical. In this study, authenticated germander (Teucrium chamaedrys L. and Teucrium canadense L.) was used as the source material. Methanol extracts of powdered plant mate rial were prepared and analysed by HPLC using Synergi Max-RP columns with monitoring at 220 nm. Limited amounts of teucrin A and other diterpenoid standards were analysed on a Synergi Max-RP column in order to determine their retention times and to generate calibration curves. The same standards were subjected to concurrent mass spectral analysis. Teucrin A and diterpenoids such as dihydroteugin, teuflin, teuflidin and teucvidin were tentatively identified in the plant extracts by HPLC-MS and 1H-NMR experiments. For the isolation of teucrium diterpenoids on a semipreparative scale, a solid-phase extraction method was developed for the first time using styrene divinylbenzene and strata-X sorbents for teucrin A and teuflin, respectively. Semi-preparative HPLC of the methanol extract of the powdered aerial parts of Teucrium plants was carried out on a semipreparative Synergi Max-RP column with photodiode array detection in order to confirm the identities of some diterpenoids by HPLC-MS and NMR.     

Chemotaxonomic value of the essential oil compounds in species of Teucrium pumilum aggregate

Volatile compounds from the aerial parts of Teucrium lepicephalum Pau and Teucrium carolipaui C. Vicioso ex Pau, both belonging to the Teucrium pumilum aggregate, were analysed by capillary GC and GC-MS. From the common and specific compounds (mono- and sesquiterpenes) of the two taxa, chemical characterization was carried out and taxonomic relationships were assessed. Application of the cluster and k-means discriminant analysis shows a differential chemical relationship between T. lepicephalum and Teucrium carolipaui.     

Diterpenoids from Teucrium scorodonia, three neo-clerodane derivatives

From the aerial parts of Teucrium scorodonia the previously known diterpenoid teupolin I and the flavone luteolin have been isolated. In addition, three new neo-clerodane derivatives have also been obtained from the same source. The structures of these new natural diterpenoids have been established by chemical and spectroscopic means and by correlation with known products.     

香椿属中三萜类化学成分及生物活性研究进展

香椿属植物在我国民间应用广泛,自1846年香椿属建立以来,不少学者已经对本属植物进行各方面的研究,包括植物生态学和植物化学方面。但到目前为止还不曾见到对该属植物中化学成分和生物活性方面的研究进展进行综述报道。目前对香椿属植物化学成分及生物活性的报道相对集中在三萜类成分,此类成分也是香椿属所在的楝科其他植物特征性成分,该科植物中存在特有的新奇的三萜类成分,不论是化学成分还是生物活性方面都是是当前的研究热点。鉴于此作者对目前国内外报道的香椿属植物中三萜类成分的化学成分及其生物活性研究进行归纳总结,特别是香椿属中三萜的类型以及不同类型三萜代表性的生物活性进行系统归纳,以便为以后研究香椿属其他植物或进一步深入研究开发提供文献支持。     

Neo-clerodane diterpenoids from teucrium lepicephalum and teucrium buxifolium

Three new neo-clerodane diterpenoids, teulepicin, 19-acetylteulepicin and teulepicephin, have been isolated, together with the previously known flavone cirsiliol from the aerial parts of Teucrium lepicephalum. The structures of the diterpenoids were established by chemical and spectroscopic means and by correlation with known substances. In addition, 19-acetylteulepicin and the already known neo-clerodane diterpenoid 19-acetylgnaphalin have been isolated from the species T. buxifolium.     

Chemical information transfer between plants:: back to the future

Chemical information conveyance between organisms has been well established for a wide range of organisms including protozoa, invertebrates, vertebrates and plant-parasitic plants. During the past 20 years, various studies have addressed whether chemical information conveyance also occurs between damaged and undamaged plants and many interesting pieces of evidence have been presented. To date, this research field has been restricted to the question whether and how plants (in general) are involved in plant-to-plant communication. However, apart from mechanistic questions, evolutionary questions should be addressed asking why plants do (or do not) exploit their neighbour's information and whether their strategy is affected by e.g. environmental conditions or previous experience. Recent progress in the field of chemical information conveyance between damaged and undamaged plants warrants an intensified study of this exciting topic in chemical ecology.     

芦荟属药用植物的化学成分和药理活性

芦荟是一种应用范围广泛、历史悠久的传统中药,广泛地供作药用及食用。本文从化学成分和药理活性两方面综述了芦荟属（Aloe）药用植物的研究进展,为芦荟属植物的开发利用提供一定的科学依据。     

药用植物内生真菌的多样性及生物功能研究进展

药用植物内生真菌资源丰富,其代谢产物常具有抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抑菌等作用,能产生药用植物生长调节物质及与宿主相同或类似的次生代谢产物,从而成为近年来的研究热点。本文对药用植物内生真菌的分离鉴定、多样性、生物活性及生物学功能等方面进行综述,以期为今后筛选及利用有效的药用植物内生真菌奠定基础。     

Micromorphological and Phytochemical Research on Teucrium scorodonia and Teucrium siculum from the Italian Flora

Micromorphology and distribution of trichomes in different plant parts of Teucrium scorodonia and Teucrium siculum from five populations in Italy are described. The composition of volatile compounds in the same plants has also been studied. The micro-morphological characters of the two taxa differ only in the calyces. T. siculum from the Euganean hills shows a great shape variability in the bracts. As far as the volatile compounds are concerned, this taxon reveals a somewhat special position, particularly for the presence of monoterpenes, which are lacking in T. siculum from Central and Southern Italy.     

毛兰属植物化学成分及药理活性研究进展

毛兰属植物由于近年来同属于兰科的石斛属植物的过度采挖,而取代名贵中药石斛类作为药材应用。为了了解其化学成分及能否替代石斛应用,本文对毛兰属植物的化学成分及药理活性研究进展进行了综述。目前毛兰属植物研究所涉及的种类仅5种,从该属植物中分离出化学成分13种,包括菲类、9,10-二氢菲类及二聚体、联苄、甾体和脂肪族化合物等结构类型。药理研究表明,一些成分如毛兰素和毛兰菲在抗肿瘤和抗氧化等方面显示了较好的活性。开展毛兰属植物的研究,对发现新的药用活性成分及资源保护有重要意义。