One-stage repair of a cervical esophagostome with two myocutaneous flaps from the neck and shoulder.

A large esophagostome in a heavily radiated neck was reconstructed in one stage, using a sternocleidomastoid myocutaneous flap for lining and a trapezius myocutaneous flap for covering. The patient began eating on the seventh day and was discharged on the tenth day following the repair. Barium swallow studies demonstrated a widely patent esophagus, and the patient now has good esophageal speech.     

One-stage lip-switch operation

A one-stage lip-switch operation was successfully performed on an 80-year-old woman with accompanying disorders. Postoperative venous congestion was controlled mainly by dressing changes with wet gauze.     

One-stage repair of compound leg defects with free, revascularized flaps of groin skin and iliac bone.

The successful revascularized free transfer of a composite flap of groin skin with attached iliac bone is presented in two patients. The findings in the preliminary dissections and injection studies in cadavers are discussed, and the superficial circumflex iliac system is recommended as a stem for free flaps of groin skin and iliac bone. If iliac bone alone is required for a revascularized graft, then the deep circumflex iliac system would seem suitable for the stem. Further clinical cases are necessary to determine the indications for this procedure, and patients should be carefully selected. The need for preoperative preparation and planning on a sound anatomical background is emphasized, and preoperative angiography seems advisable. The ability to sew small vessels together reliably is one thing: the when and where is another.     

One-stage closure of the entire primary palate

Timing of the closure of the anterior palate and alveolus is a subject of debate. Late repair of this defect is complicated by high fistula formation and subjects the patient to the problems of palate fistula for extended periods of time. We have utilized a single procedure performed when the child is 3 months of age that completely closes the anterior hard palate and alveolus along with the cleft lip. Our series consisted of 61 consecutive patients with unilateral clefts of the primary and secondary palate. Mucosal turnover flaps from the vomer along with lateral nasal mucosal flaps provide the nasal lining. A buccal sulcus flap with a Veau flap completes the oral repair. Ninety-five percent (58 of 61) of the patients had complete and stable closure of their anterior palate and alveolus after 1 year. The incidence of fistula formation in our series (3 of 61) is much lower than that reported with the utilization of other protocols. Excellent exposure of the anterior palate and alveolar defect during lip repair, early restoration of anatomic relationships, establishment of a good nostril floor and sill, and very low fistula formation are among the benefits of this procedure. The increase in operative time is considered minimal in light of aforementioned advantages.     

One-stage reconstruction of the postburn nailfold contracture

Dorsal digital burn contractures cause unsightly eponychial retraction and proximal nail exposure. These areas are subject to breakdown with minor trauma. These deformities are often ignored as trivial. Many surgeons are unaware that simple reconstruction is possible. Correction is a worthwhile undertaking. This report illustrates a new modification: one-stage reconstruction with bilateral proximally based flaps, dorsally transposed and interdigitated. Donor sites are closed primarily. This technique has been successfully applied to 14 affected fingertips in 4 patients with no complications and no revisions. Patients have been gratified by the resultant restoration of the nailfold. Contractures have not recurred.     

The blepharophimosis, ptosis, and epicanthus inversus syndrome: delineation of two types

The blepharophimosis, ptosis, and epicanthus inversus syndrome (BPES) is rare and autosomal dominant. A family is presented and analyzed together with 38 kindreds with BPES reported in the literature. The results demonstrate the existence of two types of the syndrome: type I with infertility in affected females, and type II which is transmitted by females and males. The two entities are further differentiated by incomplete penetrance only in type II and by differences in the sex ratios of the affected children. Female infertility in type I is a predominant symptom, and the distinction between the two types is of importance for genetic counseling.     

One-stage and two-stage anaerobic digestion of lipid-extracted algae

Waste-grown microalgae are a potentially important biomass for wastewater treatment. The lipid accumulated in microalgae could be utilized as feedstocks for biodiesel production. The algal residues, as major by-products derived from lipid extraction, mainly consist of carbohydrate and protein, making anaerobic digestion an efficient way to recover energy. The conversion of lipid-extracted algal residues into methane plays dual role in renewable energy production and sustainable development of microalgal biodiesel industry. Therefore, an anaerobic fermentation process for investigation of the methane production potential of algal residues was conducted in this paper. The effect of inoculum to substrate ratios (ISRs) on the methane production by anaerobic digestion of Chlorella sp. residue in a single stage was evaluated. The maximum methane yield of 195.6 ml CH₄/g volatile solid (VS) was obtained at an ISR of 1:1. The stability and progress of the reaction from algal residues to methane were monitored by measuring the pH, volatile fatty acids (VFAs), total ammoniacal nitrogen (TAN), and methane volume. Based on the results of one-stage experiments, two-stage technology was proposed and was found to be more suitable for high organic load. The optimum conditions for acidogenesis and methanogenesis are indicated in this paper.     

KOM—段式种植体即刻种植的动物实验研究

目的:观察KOM一段式种植体即刻种植骨愈合过程,探索即刻种植的可行性。材料与方法:将6只狗分3组分别作实验。每组2只动物行KOM一段式种植体即刻种植愈合过程观察;动物分别于术后1、2、3个月各处死2只行大体标本观察、X线片、光镜、扫描电镜观察;结果:KOM一段式种植体即刻种植可以达到骨性愈合。结论:1、KOM一段式种植体的即刻种植是一种临床可行的种植方式。2、即刻中植时种植体与骨组织之间的骨间隙是否充填生物替代材料,除了考虑种植体周围骨间隙的大小,还要考虑种植体的初期稳定性。