Indices of immunoallergic reactivity and of nonspecific body resistance in staphyloderma patients

Clinico-immunological study has revealed that staphylococcal pyoderma develops simultaneously with the sensitization of the body to the infective agent, resulting from recent or past cases of angina, sinusitis, etc. This sensitization enhances the sensitivity of the body to pyococci and thus creates the prerequisites not only for the primary disease, but also for subsequent relapses. This is facilitated by the suppression of nonspecific resistance, observed in the patients.     

Characteristics of human neutrophils obtained by the chamber method of "skin window"

Viability, morphology and function of healthy human cells migrated into the chamber through the "skin window" were studied. After 18 to 20 hours there were 42.0 +/- 5.3 (x 10(6))/cm2 viable cells characterized by a high content of mature neutrophils (98.6 +/- 0.6%). Normal reactivity of migrated neutrophils was observed using the nitroblue tetrazolium reduction test. The chamber variant of the "skin window" method is recommended as a simple physiological technique for preparing pure populations of human neutrophils.     

Evaluation of biological availability and anti-arrhythmic effect of a new drug Phenytoinum "Polfa"]

Studies were performed in 15 patients with ventricular arrhythmia. During the first day, the patients received 1000 mg of a new micronised form of Phenytoinum "Polfa" or adequate dose of a foreign drug in 3 doses every 3 hours and subsequently during 10 days alternatively native or foreign drug in a daily dose 300 mg. Twenty-four EKG Holter monitoring and determination of serum drug level were carried out after a 10-day treatment; area under the curve (AUC) in one 8 h dose interval was determined. Studies have shown usefulness of a new form of Phenytoinum (Polfa). Blood serum drug levels near to the therapeutic ones were observed. Steady-state Phenytoinum concentration was 11.1 +/- 5.9 micrograms/ml and after foreign drug it was 11.7 +/- 6.1 micrograms/ml, AUC0-8 was 90.4 and 105.3 micrograms/ml/h respectively. In 9/15 patients (60%) Phenytoinum (Polfa) produced substantial improvement in the cardiac arrhythmia.     

Ratio of haematology indexes in exudation of "skin window" and venous blood

The data obtained revealed the maintenance of basophiles; monocytes and large granular lymphocytes were higher in the skin then in the venous blood. The level of eosinophiles and lymphocytes were lower in the skin. Concentrations of the polymorphic leucocytes were equal in the skin and in the blood.     

Effect of plasma flow on the regeneration of skin wounds and body reactivity

The local application of plasma flow to postsurgery wounds in rabbits has revealed accelerated wound healing, reduced perifocal inflammation, the appearance of great numbers of phagocytes and islands of epithelial cells in the wound and certain stimulation of hemopoietic body function. The suppression of free-radical oxidation was accompanied by the activation of the metabolic processes. All this justifies an attempt to apply "plasma methods" in the clinical practice for the treatment of long-healing wounds.     

Immuno-modulating properties of a macrolide antibiotic "Z-factor"]

Zi-Factor is a trade mark of azithromycin made in Russia by ZAO Veropharm. The in vitro modulating action of Zi-Factor (ZF) on neutrophil functional activity and production of immunity mediators was studied. The direct modulating effect of ZF in a concentration of 50 mcg/ml corresponding to the single therapeutic dose of 500 mg/70 kg body weight on the neutrophil oxidase activity evident from increased production of active oxygen and higher myeloperoxidase activity was shown. The immunomodulating effect of ZF on modulation of intracellular oxidative metabolism depended on the initial state of the phagocyte system (secondary insufficiency or activation). When the neutrophil oxidase system is exhausted and there is no response to the antigen stimulus, it is advisable to combine the use of ZF with immunomodulating therapy.     

Evaluation of the state of the nonspecific resistance of the body in children in an organized collective]

Nonspecific body resistance was evaluated by 2 methods: the surface autoflora of the skin and the degree of autoimmune reaction were determined. An increase in the number of microorganisms in the autoflora (more than 40 colonies on the impression) and the number of cells secreting antibodies against autoerythrocytes suggested a decrease in body resistance against bacterial and viral infections (increased morbidity rate for respiratory and pyoinflammatory infections). The above methods make it possible to detect the weakest children in closed institutions and to carry out observation of such children with the implementation of the necessary prophylactic measures.     

Effect of exercise on nonspecific airway reactivity in asthmatics

To investigate whether exercise increases the responsivity of the tracheobronchial tree to nonspecific stimuli, 11 atopic asthmatics underwent serial challenges with aerosolized methacholine before and 4 and 24 h after an asthma attack induced by cycle ergometry while breathing cold air (mean +/- SE = -11 +/- 1 degree C). Bronchodilator therapy was withheld the day before and throughout each study day. There were no significant differences in base-line lung function before exercise or any of the three methacholine bronchoprovocations. Exercise produced a 25 +/- 3% maximal fall in 1-s forced expiratory volume (FEV1) within 15 min. This attack was not associated with either an immediate or a delayed increase in methacholine sensitivity. The provocation concentration of methacholine required to reduce the FEV1 20% from saline control at base line and 4 and 24 h after exercise were 0.8 +/- 0.5, 0.9 +/- 0.5, and 1.1 +/- 0.8 mg/ml, respectively. This was not significant by a one-way analysis of variance (F = 0.078, P = NS). These data demonstrate that exercise-induced asthma does not produce an increase in nonspecific bronchial reactivity. Hence, if mediators are elaborated with exercise as has been suggested, they appear to function differently than when released by antigen.     

The interhemispheric brain asymmetry of the rabbit in a state of "animal hypnosis"]

By the method of forced immobilization the rabbits were brought into the state of "animal hypnosis" (immobilization reflex), and their ECoG was recorded, which was further processed on the computer. It was found that during hypnosis a functional interhemispheric brain asymmetry was developed in rabbits with activity predominance in the right hemisphere. The "animal hypnosis" is a phasic process: in the ECoG of the rabbit under hypnosis a regular alternation of delta and theta activity takes place. Electrophysiological reconstructions in the rabbit brain during the change of its functional state correlate with the brain thermal reactions, revealed earlier.     

Determination of levomycetin in the aerosol preparation, "Levovinysol"]

A spectrophotometric method for determination of levomycetin in "Levovinysol", an antiburn aerosol preparation was developed. The determination was performed after levomycetin extraction with a hydrochloric acid solution from the composition. The results of the determination were statistically treated.     

Cytological and biochemical studies in a case of "di Guglielmo's syndrome"]

Cytochemical, biochemical and disc-elektrophoretical studies are done on a patient with Di Guglielmo-syndrom. Cytochemical tests showed the wellknown results as: activity of acid phosphatase and alpha-naphthylacetatesterase at their typical sites, deposition of PAS- and Turnbull-positive material. Biochemical findings are done on LDH, cholinesterase, alkaline and acid phosphatase, G-6-PDH and pyruvatkinase. Abnormal high level of fetal hemoglobin was found only once during the whole observation. There was also an alteration in the isoenzym pattern of the acid phosphatase. The de- or increase at the biochemical examinations, the fact of fetal hemoglobin and the variation at the isoenzymes may be due to the changing in distribution of erythropoetic and granulopoetic cells.