Web Resources for Mass Spectrometry-based Proteomics

With the development of high-resolution and high-throughput mass spectrometry(MS)technology, a large quantum of proteomic data is continually being generated. Collecting and sharing these data are a challenge that requires immense and sustained human effort. In this report, we provide a classification of important web resources for MS-based proteomics and present rating of these web resources, based on whether raw data are stored, whether data submission is supported,and whether data analysis pipelines are provided. These web resources are important for biologists involved in proteomics research.     

Proteomics strategies for protein identification

The information from genome sequencing provides new approaches for systems-wide understanding of protein networks and cellular function. DNA microarray technologies have advanced to the point where nearly complete monitoring of gene expression is feasible in several organisms. An equally important goal is to comprehensive survey cellular proteomes and profile protein changes under different cellular states. This presents a complex analytical problem, due to the chemical variability between proteins and peptides. Here, we discuss strategies to improve accuracy and sensitivity of peptide identification, distinguish represented protein isoforms, and quantify relative changes in protein abundance.     

A guide to the Proteomics Identifications Database proteomics data repository

The Proteomics Identifications Database (PRIDE, www.ebi.ac.uk/pride ) is one of the main repositories of MS derived proteomics data. Here, we point out the main functionalities of PRIDE both as a submission repository and as a source for proteomics data. We describe the main features for data retrieval and visualization available through the PRIDE web and BioMart interfaces. We also highlight the mechanism by which tailored queries in the BioMart can join PRIDE to other resources such as Reactome, Ensembl or UniProt to execute extremely powerful across‐domain queries. We then present the latest improvements in the PRIDE submission process, using the new easy‐to‐use, platform‐independent graphical user interface submission tool PRIDE Converter. Finally, we speak about future plans and the role of PRIDE in the ProteomExchange consortium.     

蛋白质组学分离检测技术研究进展

蛋白质组学是后基因组时代的新兴学科,是当今生命科学领域新的增长点,而其中的分离检测技术则是蛋白质组学得以迅速发展的重要基石。对蛋白质组学中的分离检测技术-双向凝胶电泳、色谱和质谱等技术近几年的发展现状及最新研究进展进行综述,并对本实验室在蛋白质组学方面的研究结合生物信息学的探索进行概述。     

蛋白质质谱分析的无标记定量算法研究进展

作为发现疾病相关生物标志物的重要途径,定量研究已成为蛋白质组学的热点问题.随着实验方法的发展和改进,定量数据处理算法也在不断更新和完善.将现有的无标记定量方法归纳为需要/不需要鉴定结果两类方法,分析比较了两类方法的异同及优缺点,详细讨论了所涉及的主要算法,总结了一些常用的无标记定量软件及对应的网络资源.展望了无标记定量数据分析的未来研究方向.     

Building and searching tandem mass (MS/MS) spectral libraries for peptide identification in proteomics

Spectral library searching is an emerging approach in peptide identifications from tandem mass spectra, a critical step in proteomic data analysis. In spectral library searching, a spectral library is first meticulously compiled from a large collection of previously observed peptide MS/MS spectra that are conclusively assigned to their corresponding amino acid sequence. An unknown spectrum is then identified by comparing it to all the candidates in the spectral library for the most similar match. This review discusses the basic principles of spectral library building and searching, describes its advantages and limitations, and provides a primer for researchers interested in adopting this new approach in their data analysis. It will also discuss the future outlook on the evolution and utility of spectral libraries in the field of proteomics.     

5th BSPR‐EBI Meeting,Proteomics: From Technology to New Biology 8–10 July 2008, Wellcome Trust Conference Centre,Hinxton, Cambridge,UK

This paper reports on the 5^th joint British Society for Proteome Research (BSPR) and European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI) meeting which took place at the Wellcome Trust Conference Centre, Cambridge, UK, from the 8^th to 10^th July, 2008. As in previous years, the meeting attracted leading experts in the field who presented the latest cutting edge in proteomics. The meeting was entitled “Proteomics: From Technology to New Biology” taking into account the major transition proteomics has undergone in the past few years. In particular, the use of multiple reaction monitoring (MRM)‐based targeted experiments for absolute quantification and validation of proteins was the hot topic of the meeting. Attended by some 250 delegates, the conference was extremely well organised and provided a great opportunity for discussion and initiation of new collaborations.     

Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics 2018: the Mass Spectrometry Society of Japan,Japanese Proteomics Society,and Asia-Oceania Human Proteome Organization

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The mass spectrometry society of Japan, Japanese proteomics society, and Asia–Oceania human proteome organization held the conference ‘Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics 2018’ in Osaka, Japan, on May 15–18, 2018. This international conference focused on cutting edge technologies and their applications in a variety of research fields such as agriculture, material science, environmental factors, and clinical applications. An overview of the conference and a summary of the major lectures are reported here.

Expert commentary: The meeting will facilitate the development of fundamental technologies and the multi-disciplinary applications of proteomics.     

From proteins to systems: the British Society for Proteomics Research (BSPR) meeting 2005

This report describes the highlights of the second scientific meeting of the British Society for Proteome Research (BSPR), jointly organised with the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI), and held at The Genome Centre, Cambridge UK in July 2005. The theme of the meeting was "From Proteins to Systems" covering many diverse aspects of proteomics, bioinformatics and systems biology.     

Proteomics: Concepts and applications in human medicine

Proteomics is the complete evaluation of the function and structure of proteins to understand an organism’s nature. Mass spectrometry is an essential tool that is used for profiling proteins in the cell. However, biomarker discovery remains the major challenge of proteomics because of their complexity and dynamicity. Therefore, combining the proteomics approach with genomics and bioinformatics will provide an understanding of the information of biological systems and their disease alteration. However, most studies have investigated a small part of the proteins in the blood. This review highlights the types of proteomics, the available proteomic techniques, and their applications in different research fields.     

蛋白质组学在妊娠期高血压疾病中的研究进展

蛋白质组学的兴起能快速筛选并鉴定疾病的特异性生物标志物,有助于研究妊娠期高血压疾病的病因、发生机制,通过特异性生物标志物进行早期诊断,从而改善母儿结局,降低母儿严重发病率和死亡率。本文综述近年来与妊娠期高血压疾病相关的蛋白质研究及其在妊娠期高血压疾病患者血液、脑脊液、尿液、羊水、滋养细胞中差异蛋白质谱的分析,为进一步研究提供思路。     

tsORFdb: Theoretical Small Open Reading Frames (ORFs) database and massProphet: Peptide Mass Fingerprinting (PMF) tool for unknown small functional ORFs

Peptide mass fingerprinting (PMF) has become one of the most widely used methods for rapid identification of proteins in proteomics research. Many peaks, however, remain unassigned after PMF analysis, partly because of post-translational modification and the limited scope of protein sequences. Almost all PMF tools employ only known or predicted protein sequences and do not include open reading frames (ORFs) in the genome, which eliminates the chance of finding novel functional peptides. Unlike most tools that search protein sequences from known coding sequences, the tool we developed uses a database for theoretical small ORFs (tsORFs) and a PMF application using a tsORFs database (tsORFdb). The tsORFdb is a database for ORFeome that encompasses all potential tsORFs derived from whole genome sequences as well as the predicted ones. The massProphet system tries to extend the search scope to include the ORFeome using the tsORFdb. The tsORFdb and massProphet should be useful for proteomics research to give information about unknown small ORFs as well as predicted and registered proteins.     

预测和鉴定蛋白质翻译后修饰的生物信息方法

蛋白质翻译后修饰对蛋白质成熟、结构和功能多样性有决定性的作用。但蛋白质翻译后修饰的多样性、普遍性、动态性,使传统的生物化学方法在全局水平上理解翻译后修饰非常有限,对它们的研究、特别是大规模的研究长期发展缓慢。现在,在实验研究基础上,借助多方面的生物信息学方法,可以快速高通量的预测和鉴定蛋白质翻译后修饰。一方面,可以从序列角度出发,基于酶识别底物的特异性,用位点权重矩阵、支持向量机等算法,从底物蛋白质序列提取修饰相关的保守序列,并用于预测翻译后修饰位点。这种方法相对成熟,能够取得较理想的预测准确性,但不能反映不同时间不同细胞的翻译后修饰状态。另一方面,可从质谱数据分析出发,有望捕获细胞内翻译后修饰的动态特性。质谱分析的高灵敏度、高准确度和高通量的能力已使建立在质谱基础上的蛋白质组学成为研究翻译后修饰的重要工具,生物信息学方法和质谱蛋白质组学的结合则更可以加速研究翻译后修饰的进程。本文从序列和质谱分析两个角度总结评价了各种翻译后修饰相关生物信息学方法的研究近况,重点讨论利用质谱数据鉴定翻译后修饰的新思路。     

Integrative proteomics: structure, function, and interaction report on the 3rd joint meeting of the British Society for Proteome Research and the European Bioinformatics Institute, July 2006

This report summarizes the highlights of the recent British Society for Proteome Research (BSPR) meeting jointly organized with the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI) which was held at the Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK in July 2006. This was the third annual scientific meeting organized by the BSPR and EBI and the theme of this years meeting was Integrative Proteomics: Structure, function and interaction. A wealth of local and overseas speakers were invited to discuss both their own work and specific challenges present in modern day proteomic based experiments.     

Evaluation of algorithms for protein identification from sequence databases using mass spectrometry data

In this work, the commonly used algorithms for mass spectrometry based protein identification, Mascot, MS-Fit, ProFound and SEQUEST, were studied in respect to the selectivity and sensitivity of their searches. The influence of various search parameters were also investigated. Approximately 6600 searches were performed using different search engines with several search parameters to establish a statistical basis. The applied mass spectrometric data set was chosen from a current proteome study. The huge amount of data could only be handled with computational assistance. We present a software solution for fully automated triggering of several peptide mass fingerprinting (PMF) and peptide fragmentation fingerprinting (PFF) algorithms. The development of this high-throughput method made an intensive evaluation based on data acquired in a typical proteome project possible. Previous evaluations of PMF and PFF algorithms were mainly based on simulations.     

Database on Demand – An online tool for the custom generation of FASTA‐formatted sequence databases

In mass spectrometry‐based proteomics, most conventional search engines match spectral data to sequence databases. These search databases thus play a crucial role in the identification process. While search engines can derive peptides in silico from protein sequences, this is usually limited to standard digestion algorithms. Customized search databases that provide detailed control over the search space can vastly outperform such standard strategies, especially in gel‐free proteomics experiments. Here we present Database on Demand, an easy‐to‐use web tool that can quickly produce a wide variety of customized search databases.     

Integrated Identification and Quantification Error Probabilities for Shotgun Proteomics

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Highlights

• •Unified identification and quantification error rates for protein quantification.
• •Error propagation using graphical models and Bayesian statistics.
• •Account for uncertainty of missing values instead of overconfident point estimates.
• •Control of differential expression false discovery rate at increased sensitivity.