共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Eleuch L Jilal A Grando S Ceccarelli S Schmising Mv Tsujimoto H Hajer A Daaloul A Baum M 《植物学报(英文版)》2008,50(8):1004-1014
The objective of this study was to investigate the genetic diversity of barley accessions.Additionally,association trait analysis was conducted for grain yield under salinity,heading date and plant height.For this purpose,48 barley genotypes were analyzed with 22 microsatellite simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers.Four of the 22 markers (Bmac316,scssr03907,HVM67 and Bmag770) were able to differentiate all barley genotypes.Cluster and principal coordinate analysis allowed a clear grouping between countries from the same region.The genotypes used in this study have been evaluated for agronomic performance in different environments.Conducting association analysis for grain yield under salinity conditions using TASSEL software revealed a close association of the marker Bmag749 (2H,bin 13) in two different environments with common significant alleles (175,177),whereas the HVHOTR1 marker (2H,bin 3) was only significant in Sakhar_Egypt with alleles size being 158 and 161.Heading date also showed an association with scssr03907 through the common significant specific allele 111 and EBmacO415 markers in three different agro climatic locations,whereas HVCMA,scssr00103 and HVM67 were linked to heading date in the Egyptian environment only.The plant height association analysis revealed significant markers Bmag770 via the significant allele 152 and scssr09398. 相似文献
2.
Multi-trait QTL mapping in barley using multivariate regression 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Many studies of QTL locations record several different traits on the same population, but most analyses look at this information on a trait-by-trait basis. In this paper we show how the regression approach to QTL mapping of Haley & Knott (1992) may be extended to a multi-trait analysis via multivariate regression, easily programmed in statistical packages. A procedure for identifying QTL locations using forward selection and bootstrapping is proposed. The method is applied to examine the locations for QTLs for six yield characters (the number of fertile stems, the grain number of the main stem, the main stem grain weight, the single plant yield, the plot yield and the thousand grain weight) in a doubled haploid population of spring barley. Several chromosomal locations with effects on more than one trait are found. The method is also suitable for examining a single trait measured in different years or environments, and is used here to examine data on heading date, a highly heritable trait, and plot yield, a trait with moderate heritability and showing QTL-environment interactions. 相似文献
3.
Simon Griffiths Luzie Wingen Julian Pietragalla Guillermo Garcia Ahmed Hasan Daniel Miralles Daniel F. Calderini Jignaben Bipinchandra Ankleshwaria Michelle Leverington Waite James Simmonds John Snape Matthew Reynolds 《PloS one》2015,10(3)
Grain weight (GW) and number per unit area of land (GN) are the primary components of grain yield in wheat. In segregating populations both yield components often show a negative correlation among themselves. Here we use a recombinant doubled haploid population of 105 individuals developed from the CIMMYT varieties Weebill and Bacanora to understand the relative contribution of these components to grain yield and their interaction with each other. Weebill was chosen for its high GW and Bacanora for high GN. The population was phenotyped in Mexico, Argentina, Chile and the UK. Two loci influencing grain yield were indicated on 1B and 7B after QTL analysis. Weebill contributed the increasing alleles. The 1B effect, which is probably caused by to the 1BL.1RS rye introgression in Bacanora, was a result of increased GN, whereas, the 7B QTL controls GW. We concluded that increased in GW from Weebill 7B allele is not accompanied by a significant reduction in grain number. The extent of the GW and GN trade-off is reduced. This makes this locus an attractive target for marker assisted selection to develop high yielding bold grain varieties like Weebill. AMMI analysis was used to show that the 7B Weebill allele appears to contribute to yield stability. 相似文献
4.
Multi-environment analysis and improved mapping of a yield-related QTL on chromosome 3B of wheat 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Julien Bonneau Julian Taylor Boris Parent Dion Bennett Matthew Reynolds Catherine Feuillet Peter Langridge Diane Mather 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2013,126(3):747-761
Improved mapping, multi-environment quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis and dissection of allelic effects were used to define a QTL associated with grain yield, thousand grain weight and early vigour on chromosome 3BL of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under abiotic stresses. The QTL had pleiotropic effects and showed QTL x environment interactions across 21 diverse environments in Australia and Mexico. The occurrence and the severity of water deficit combined with high temperatures during the growing season affected the responsiveness of this QTL, resulting in a reversal in the direction of allelic effects. The influence of this QTL can be substantial, with the allele from one parent (RAC875) increasing grain yield by up to 12.5 % (particularly in environments where both heat and drought stress occurred) and the allele from the other parent (Kukri) increasing grain yield by up to 9 % in favourable environments. With the application of additional markers and the genotyping of additional recombinant inbred lines, the genetic map in the QTL region was refined to provide a basis for future positional cloning. 相似文献
5.
Miedaner T Wilde F Steiner B Buerstmayr H Korzun V Ebmeyer E 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2006,112(3):562-569
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating disease in wheat that reduces grain yield, grain quality and contaminates the harvest
with deoxynivalenol (DON). As potent resistance sources Sumai 3 and its descendants from China and Frontana from Brazil had
been analysed by quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping. We introgressed and stacked two donor QTL from CM82036 (Sumai 3/Thornbird)
located on chromosomes 3B and 5A and one donor QTL from Frontana on chromosome 3A in elite European spring wheat and estimated
the effects of the three individual donor QTL and their four combinations on DON, Fusarium exoantigen content, and FHB rating adjusted to heading date. One class with the susceptible QTL alleles served as control.
Each of the eight QTL classes was represented by 12–15 F3-derived lines tested in F5 generation as bulked progeny possessing the respective marker alleles homozygously. Traits were evaluated in a field experiment
across four locations with spray inoculation of Fusarium culmorum. All three individual donor-QTL alleles significantly reduced DON content and FHB severity compared to the marker class with
no donor QTL. The only exception was the donor-QTL allele 3A that had a low, but non-significant effect on FHB severity. The
highest effect had the stacked donor-QTL alleles 3B and 5A for both traits. They jointly reduced DON content by 78% and FHB
rating by 55% compared to the susceptible QTL class. Analysis of Fusarium exoantigen content illustrates that lower disease severity is associated with less mycelium content in the grain. In conclusion,
QTL from non-adapted sources could be verified in a genetic background of German elite spring wheat. Within the QTL classes
significant (P<0.05) genotypic differences were found among the individual genotypes. An additional phenotypic selection would, therefore,
be advantageous after performing a marker-based selection. 相似文献
6.
Jennifer Häberle Josef Holzapfel Günther Schweizer Lorenz Hartl 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2009,119(2):325-332
We report on the verification of a resistance quantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome 1BL (now designated Qfhs.lfl-1BL) which had been previously identified in the winter wheat cultivar Cansas. For a more precise estimation of the QTL effect
and its influence on plant height and heading date lines with a more homogeneous genetic background were created and evaluated
in four environments after spray inoculation with Fusarium culmorum. Qfhs.lfl-1BL reduced FHB severity by 42% relative to lines without the resistance allele. This QTL did not influence plant height, but
significantly delayed heading date by one day. All of the most resistant genotypes of the verification population carried
this major QTL displaying its importance for disease resistance. This resistance QTL has not only been found in the cultivar
Cansas, but also in the three European winter wheat cultivars Biscay, History and Pirat. A subsequent meta-analysis confirmed
the presence of a single QTL on the long arm of chromosome 1B originating from the four mentioned cultivars. Altogether, the
results of the present study indicate that Qfhs.lfl-1BL is an important component of FHB resistance in European winter wheat and support the view that this QTL would be effective
and valuable in backcross breeding programmes.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
7.
Kuchel H Williams KJ Langridge P Eagles HA Jefferies SP 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2007,115(8):1029-1041
Grain yield forms one of the key economic drivers behind a successful wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cropping enterprise and is consequently a major target for wheat breeding programmes. However, due to its complex nature,
little is known regarding the genetic control of grain yield. A doubled-haploid population, comprising 182 individuals, produced
from a cross between two cultivars ‘Trident’ and ‘Molineux’, was used to construct a linkage map based largely on microsatellite
molecular makers. ‘Trident’ represents a lineage of wheat varieties from southern Australia that has achieved consistently
high relative grain yield across a range of environments. In comparison, ‘Molineux’ would be rated as a variety with low to
moderate grain yield. The doubled-haploid population was grown from 2002 to 2005 in replicated field experiments at a range
of environments across the southern Australian wheat belt. In total, grain yield data were recorded for the population at
18 site-year combinations. Grain yield components were also measured at three of these environments. Many loci previously
found to be involved in the control of plant height, rust resistance and ear-emergence were found to influence grain yield
and grain yield components in this population. An additional nine QTL, apparently unrelated to these traits, were also associated
with grain yield. A QTL associated with grain yield on chromosome 1B, with no significant relationship with plant height,
ear-emergence or rust resistance, was detected (LOD ≥2) at eight of the 18 environments. The mean yield, across 18 environments,
of individuals carrying the ‘Molineux’ allele at the 1B locus was 4.8% higher than the mean grain yield of those lines carrying
the ‘Trident’ allele at this locus. Another QTL identified on chromosome 4D was also associated with overall gain yield at
six of the 18 environments. Of the nine grain yield QTL not shown to be associated with plant height, phenology or rust resistance,
two were located near QTL associated with grain yield components. A third QTL, associated with grain yield components at each
of the environments used for testing, was located on chromosome 7D. However, this QTL was not associated with grain yield
at any of the environments. The implications of these findings on marker-assisted selection for grain yield are discussed. 相似文献
8.
9.
A multiparental cross population for mapping QTL for agronomic traits in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum)
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Plant biotechnology journal》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Sara Giulia Milner Marco Maccaferri Bevan Emma Huang Paola Mantovani Andrea Massi Elisabetta Frascaroli Roberto Tuberosa Silvio Salvi 《Plant biotechnology journal》2016,14(2):735-748
Multiparental cross designs for mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL) provide an efficient alternative to biparental populations because of their broader genetic basis and potentially higher mapping resolution. We describe the development and deployment of a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum) obtained by crossing four elite cultivars. A linkage map spanning 2664 cM and including 7594 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was produced by genotyping 338 RILs. QTL analysis was carried out by both interval mapping on founder haplotype probabilities and SNP bi‐allelic tests for heading date and maturity date, plant height and grain yield from four field experiments. Sixteen QTL were identified across environments and detection methods, including two yield QTL on chromosomes 2BL and 7AS, with the former mapped independently from the photoperiod response gene Ppd‐B1, while the latter overlapped with the vernalization locus VRN‐A3. Additionally, 21 QTL with environment‐specific effects were found. Our results indicated a prevalence of environment‐specific QTL with relatively small effect on the control of grain yield. For all traits, functionally different QTL alleles in terms of direction and size of genetic effect were distributed among parents. We showed that QTL results based on founder haplotypes closely matched functional alleles at known heading date loci. Despite the four founders, only 2.1 different functional haplotypes were estimated per QTL, on average. This durum wheat population provides a mapping resource for detailed genetic dissection of agronomic traits in an elite background typical of breeding programmes. 相似文献
10.
Yihua Chen Robert M. Hunger Brett F. Carver Hailin Zhang Liuling Yan 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2009,24(2):141-152
Powdery mildew significantly affects grain yield and end-use quality of winter wheat in the southern Great Plains. Employing
resistance resources in locally adapted cultivars is the most effective means to control powdery mildew. Two types of powdery
mildew resistance exist in wheat cultivars, i.e., qualitative and quantitative. Qualitative resistance is controlled by major
genes, is race-specific, is not durable, and is effective in seedlings and in adult plants. Quantitative resistance is controlled
by minor genes, is non-race-specific, is durable, and is predominantly effective in adult plants. In this study, we found
that the segregation of powdery mildew resistance in a population of recombinant inbred lines developed from a cross between
the susceptible cultivar Jagger and the resistant cultivar 2174 was controlled by a major QTL on the short arm of chromosome
1A and modified by four minor QTLs on chromosomes 1B, 3B, 4A, and 6D. The major QTL was mapped to the genomic region where
the Pm3 gene resides. Using specific PCR markers for seven Pm3 alleles, 2174 was found to carry the Pm3a allele. Pm3a explained 61% of the total phenotypic variation in disease reaction observed among seedlings inoculated in the greenhouse
and adult plants grown in the field and subjected to natural disease pressure. The resistant Pm3a allele was present among 4 of 31 cultivars currently being produced in the southern Great Plains. The genetic effects of
several minor loci varied with different developmental stages and environments. Molecular markers associated with these genetic
loci would facilitate incorporating genetic resistance to powdery mildew into improved winter wheat cultivars. 相似文献
11.
Yong Zhou Yajun Tao Yuan Yuan Yanzhou Zhang Jun Miao Ron Zhang Chuandeng Yi Zhiyun Gong Zefeng Yang Guohua Liang 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2018,131(3):637-648
Key message
A novel QTL for grain number, GN4-1, was identified and fine-mapped to an ~ 190-kb region on the long arm of rice chromosome 4.Abstract
Rice grain yield is primarily determined by three components: number of panicles per plant, grain number per panicle and grain weight. Among these traits, grain number per panicle is the major contributor to grain yield formation and is a crucial trait for yield improvement. In this study, we identified a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) responsible for rice grain number on chromosome 4, designated GN4-1 (a QTL for Grain Number on chromosome 4), using advanced segregating populations derived from the crosses between an elite indica cultivar ‘Zhonghui 8006’ (ZH8006) and a japonica rice ‘Wuyunjing 8’ (WYJ8). GN4-1 was delimited to an ~ 190-kb region on chromosome 4. The genetic effect of GN4-1 was estimated using a pair of near-isogenic lines. The GN4-1 gene from WYJ8 promoted accumulation of cytokinins in the inflorescence and increased grain number per panicle by ~ 17%. More importantly, introduction of the WYJ8 GN4-1 gene into ZH8006 increased grain yield by ~ 14.3 and ~ 11.5% in the experimental plots in 2014 and 2015, respectively. In addition, GN4-1 promoted thickening of the culm and may enhance resistance to lodging. These results demonstrate that GN4-1 is a potentially valuable gene for improvement of yield and lodging resistance in rice breeding.12.
Marta S. Lopes Matthew P. Reynolds C. Lynne McIntyre Ky L. Mathews M. R. Jalal Kamali Moussa Mossad Yousef Feltaous Izzat S. A. Tahir Ravish Chatrath Francis Ogbonnaya Michael Baum 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2013,126(4):971-984
Heat and drought adaptive quantitative trait loci (QTL) in a spring bread wheat population resulting from the Seri/Babax cross designed to minimize confounding agronomic traits have been identified previously in trials conducted in Mexico. The same population was grown across a wide range of environments where heat and drought stress are naturally experienced including environments in Mexico, West Asia, North Africa (WANA), and South Asia regions. A molecular genetic linkage map including 475 marker loci associated to 29 linkage groups was used for QTL analysis of yield, days to heading (DH) and to maturity (DM), grain number (GM2), thousand kernel weight (TKW), plant height (PH), canopy temperature at the vegetative and grain filling stages (CTvg and CTgf), and early ground cover. A QTL for yield on chromosome 4A was confirmed across several environments, in subsets of lines with uniform allelic expression of a major phenology QTL, but not independently from PH. With terminal stress, TKW QTL was linked or pleiotropic to DH and DM. The link between phenology and TKW suggested that early maturity would favor the post—anthesis grain growth periods resulting in increased grain size and yields under terminal stress. GM2 and TKW were partially associated with markers at different positions suggesting different genetic regulation and room for improvement of both traits. Prediction accuracy of yield was improved by 5 % when using marker scores of component traits (GM2 and DH) together with yield in multiple regression. This procedure may provide accumulation of more favorable alleles during selection. 相似文献
13.
Novel QTLs for photoperiodic flowering revealed by using reciprocal backcross inbred lines from crosses between japonica rice cultivars 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Matsubara K Kono I Hori K Nonoue Y Ono N Shomura A Mizubayashi T Yamamoto S Yamanouchi U Shirasawa K Nishio T Yano M 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2008,117(6):935-945
The rice japonica cultivars Nipponbare and Koshihikari differ in heading date and response of heading to photoperiod (photoperiod sensitivity). Using simple sequence repeat (SSR) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, we conducted quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses for heading date in a set of reciprocal backcross inbred lines (BILs) from crosses between Nipponbare and Koshihikari. Under natural-day conditions, transgressive segregation in days to heading (DTH) toward both early and late heading was observed in both BIL populations. QTL analyses revealed that two QTLs-on chromosomes 3 and 6-were involved in the difference in heading date between the parental cultivars. The Nipponbare allele at the QTLs on chromosomes 3 and 6 showed, respectively, increasing and decreasing effects on DTH in both BIL populations. The transgressive segregation observed in the BILs could be accounted for mainly by the complementary action of a set of alleles with opposing effects. Both QTLs were finely mapped as single Mendelian factors in secondary mapping populations (BC(2)F(2) plants/BC(2)F(3) lines). The QTL on chromosome 3 was mapped in the 1,140-kb interval between 94O03-4 (SSR) and OJ21G19-4 (SNP) and was designated Hd16. The QTL on chromosome 6 was mapped in the 328-kb interval between P548D347 (SSR) and 0007O20 (SSR) and was designated Hd17. Both Hd16 and Hd17 were involved in photoperiod sensitivity, as revealed by observation of the DTH of nearly isogenic lines of Nipponbare under short- and long-day conditions, suggesting that allelic differences in both Hd16 and Hd17 account for most of the difference in photoperiod sensitivity between the parental cultivars. 相似文献
14.
Chloupek O Forster BP Thomas WT 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2006,112(5):779-786
Root system size (RSS) was measured in 12 diverse barley genotypes and 157 double-haploid lines (DHs), using electric capacitance.
The parents of the DHs, Derkado and B83-12/21/5, carry different semi-dwarfing genes, sdw1 and ari-e.GP, respectively. Estimates of RSS were taken in the field thrice during plant development: stem elongation (RSS1), heading
(RSS2) and grain filling (RSS3). The 12 barley genotypes were assessed over 3 years and at two or three locations each year;
the DH mapping population was assessed at two locations in 2002. Among the 12 barley genotypes, those with the semi-dwarf
genes had greater RSS values in all 3 years (28.9, 24.6 and 15.0% in years 1, 2 and 3, respectively) compared to non-semi-dwarf
controls. The DH population showed transgressive segregation on both sides of the parent means, indicating polygenic control
of RSS. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for RSS were found on five of the seven chromosomes: 1H, 3H, 4H, 5H and 7H and these
were compared with previously mapped agronomic traits. The TotalRSS QTL on 3H was associated with sdw1 and QTLs for height, plant yield and plant weight. The RSS3 QTL on 5H was associated with ari-e.GP and QTLs for height, plant yield, plant weight, harvest index and tiller number. The RSS3 QTL on 7H was also associated
with a TotalRSS QTL and QTLs for plant weight and harvest index. Other RSS QTLs were not associated with any other trait studied.
RSS is considered to be a polygenic trait linked to important traits, in particular to yield. The study highlights the effects
of semi-dwarfing genes and discusses the potential for breeding for root traits. 相似文献
15.
Jun-Yu Chen Liang Guo Huan Ma Yu-Yu Chen Hong-Wei Zhang Jie-Zheng Ying Jie-Yun Zhuang 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2014,127(11):2515-2524
Key message
A minor QTL for heading date located on the long arm of rice chromosome 1 was delimitated to a 95.0-kb region using near isogenic lines with sequential segregating regions.Abstract
Heading date and grain yield are two key factors determining the commercial potential of a rice variety. In this study, rice populations with sequential segregating regions were developed and used for mapping a minor QTL for heading date, qHd1. A total of 18 populations in six advanced generations through BC2F6 to BC2F11 were derived from a single BC2F3 plant of the indica rice cross Zhenshan 97 (ZS97)///ZS97//ZS97/Milyang 46. The QTL was delimitated to a 95.0-kb region flanked by RM12102 and RM12108 in the terminal region of the long arm of chromosome 1. Results also showed that qHd1 was not involved in the photoperiodic response, having an additive effect ranging from 2.4 d to 2.9 d observed in near isogenic lines grown in the paddy field and under the controlled conditions of either short day or long day. The QTL had pleiotropic effects on yield traits, with the ZS97 allele delaying heading and increasing the number of spikelets per panicle, the number of grains per panicle and grain yield per plant. The candidate region contains ten annotated genes including two genes with functional information related to the control of heading date. These results lay a foundation for the cloning of qHd1. In addition, this kind of minor QTLs could be of great significance in rice breeding for allowing minor adjustment of heading date and yield traits. 相似文献16.
Verification of yield QTL through realized molecular marker- assisted selection responses in a barley cross 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
Romagosa Ignacio Han Feng Ullrich Steven E. Hayes Patrick M. Wesenberg Darrell M. 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》1999,5(2):143-152
Verification of putative quantitative trait loci (QTL) is an essential step towards implementing the use of marker-assisted
selection (MAS) in cultivar improvement. In a previous study with 150 doubled haploid lines derived from the 6-row cross Steptoe/Morex
(S/M), four regions (QTL1–4) of the barley genome were associated with differential genotypic expression for grain yield across
environments. The objectives of this study were to verify the value of these four QTL for selection and to compare the efficiency
of alternative MAS strategies using these QTL vs. conventional phenotypic selection for grain yield. A total of 92 DHLs derived
from the S/M cross that were not used in the original mapping efforts were used for QTL verification. Confirmation of QTL
effects was first accomplished by assessing yield differences between individuals carrying alternative alleles at each putative
locus in three environments. QTL1 on chromosome 3 was confirmed as the most important and consistent locus to determine yield
across sites, with the S allele being favorable. The M allele at QTL3 on chromosome 6 was beneficial for grain yield across
sites, but to a lesser degree than QTL1. Magnitudes of allele effects at QTL2 (chromosome 2) and QTL4 (chromosome 7) were
highly influenced by the environment where the genotypes were grown. Verification of QTL effects was best achieved by comparing
realized selection response. Genotypic (MAS) and tandem genotypic and phenotypic selection were at least as good as phenotypic
selection. Consistent selection responses were detected for QTL1 alone and together with QTL3. Genotypic selection for lines
carrying the S allele at QTL1 resulted in the identification of high-yielding genotypes. Selection responses increased when
the M allele at QTL3 was combined with the S allele at QTL1. Significant qualitative QTL × environment interactions for QTL2
and QTL4 were detected through differential realized selection responses at different sites. Without a thorough understanding
of the physiological and agronomic particulars of any QTL and the target environment, MAS for QTL showing qualitative interactions
should be minimized
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
17.
Kuchel H Williams K Langridge P Eagles HA Jefferies SP 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2007,115(7):1015-1027
The grain yield of wheat is influenced by genotype, environment and genotype-by-environment interaction. A mapping population
consisting of 182 doubled haploid progeny derived from a cross between the southern Australian varieties ‘Trident’ and ‘Molineux’,
was used to characterise the interaction of previously mapped grain yield quantitative trait locus (QTL) with specific environmental
covariables. Environments (17) used for grain yield assessment were characterised for latitude, rainfall, various temperature-based
variables and stripe rust infection severity. The number of days in the growing season in which the maximum temperature exceeded
30°C was identified as the variable with the largest effect on site mean grain yield. However, the greatest QTL-by-environmental
covariable interactions were observed with the severity of stripe rust infection. The rust resistance allele at the Lr37/Sr38/Yr17 locus had the greatest positive effect on grain yield when an environment experienced a combination of high-stripe rust infection
and cool days. The grain yield QTL, QGyld.agt-4D, showed a very similar QTL-by-environment covariable interaction pattern to the Lr37/Sr38/Yr17 locus, suggesting a possible role in rust resistance or tolerance. Another putative grain yield per se QTL, QGyld.agt-1B, displayed interactions with the quantity of winter and spring rainfall, the number of days in which the maximum temperature
exceeded 30°C, and the number of days with a minimum temperature below 10°C. However, no cross-over interaction effect was
observed for this locus, and the ‘Molineux’ allele remained associated with higher grain yield in response to all environmental
covariables. The results presented here confirm that QGyld.agt-1B may be a prime candidate for marker-assisted selection for improved grain yield and wide adaptation in wheat. The benefit
of analysing the interaction of QTL and environmental covariables, such as employed here, is discussed. 相似文献
18.
L. A. Marquez-Cedillo P. M. Hayes A. Kleinhofs W. G. Legge B. G. Rossnagel K. Sato S. E. Ullrich D. M. Wesenberg 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2001,103(4):625-637
A better understanding of the genetics of complex traits, such as yield, may be achieved by using molecular tools. This study
was conducted to estimate the number, genome location, effect and allele phase of QTLs determining agronomic traits in the
two North American malting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) quality variety standards. Using a doubled haploid population of 140 lines from the cross of two-rowed Harrington×six-rowed
Morex, agronomic phenotypic data sets from nine environments, and a 107-marker linkage map, we performed QTL analyses using
simple interval mapping and simplified composite interval mapping procedures. Thirty-five QTLs were associated, either across
environments or in individual environments, with five grain and agronomic traits (yield, kernel plumpness, test weight, heading
date, and plant height). Significant QTL×environment interaction was detected for all traits. These interactions resulted
from both changes in the magnitude of response and changes in the sign of the allelic effect. QTLs for multiple traits were
coincident. The vrs1 locus on chromosome 2 (2H), which determines inflorescence row type, was coincident with the largest-effect QTL determining
four traits (yield, kernel plumpness, test weight, and plant height). QTL analyses were also conducted separately for each
sub-population (six-rowed and two-rowed). Seven new QTLs were detected in the sub-populations. Positive transgressive segregants
were found for all traits, but they were more prevalent in the six-rowed sub-population.QTL analysis should be useful for
identifying candidate genes and introgressing favorable alleles between germplasm groups.
Received: 18 August 2000 / Accepted: 15 December 2000 相似文献
19.
Identification of QTLs for resistance to Fusarium head blight, DON accumulation and associated traits in the winter wheat variety Arina 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Draeger R Gosman N Steed A Chandler E Thomsett M Srinivasachary Schondelmaier J Buerstmayr H Lemmens M Schmolke M Mesterhazy A Nicholson P 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2007,115(5):617-625
Fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat has become a serious threat to wheat crops in numerous countries. In addition to loss
of yield and quality, this disease is of primary importance because of the contamination of grain with mycotoxins such as
deoxynivalenol (DON). The Swiss winter cultivar Arina possesses significant resistance to FHB. The objective of this study
was to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance to FHB, DON accumulation and associated traits in grain in a double
haploid (DH) population from a cross between Arina and the FHB susceptible UK variety Riband. FHB resistance was assessed
in five trials across different years and locations. Ten QTL for resistance to FHB or associated traits were detected across
the trials, with QTL derived from both parents. Very few of the QTL detected in this study were coincident with those reported
by authors of two other studies of FHB resistance in Arina. It is concluded that the FHB resistance of Arina, like that of
the other European winter wheat varieties studied to date, is conferred by several genes of moderate effect making it difficult
to exploit in marker-assisted selection breeding programmes. The most significant and stable QTL for FHB resistance was on
chromosome 4D and co-localised with the Rht–D1 locus for height. This association appears to be due to linkage of deleterious genes to the Rht-D1b (Rht2) semi-dwarfing allele rather than differences in height per se. This association may compromise efforts to enhance FHB resistance
in breeding programmes using germplasm containing this allele. 相似文献
20.
以晋豆23栽培大豆(Glycine max)为母本、灰布支黑豆(ZDD2315,半野生大豆)为父本衍生出447个RIL群体,通过构建SSR遗传图谱及利用混合线性模型分析方法,对2年大豆小区产量及主要植物学性状进行QTL定位,并作加性效应、加性×加性上位互作效应及环境互作效应分析。结果显示,共检测到12个与小区产量、单株粒重、单株茎重、单株粒茎比、有效分枝、主茎节数、株高和结荚高度相关的QTL,分别位于A1、A2、H_1、I、J_2和M连锁群上。其中小区产量、株高、单株粒重、有效分枝和主茎节数均表现为遗传正效应,即增加其性状的等位基因来源于母本晋豆23。同时,检测到11对影响小区产量、单株粒重、单株茎重、株高和结荚高度的加性×加性上位互作效应及环境互作效应的QTL,发现22个QTL与环境存在互作。实验结果表明,上位效应和QE互作效应对大豆小区产量及主要农艺性状的遗传影响很大。进行大豆分子标记辅助育种时,既要考虑效应起主要作用的QTL,又要注重上位性QTL,这样有利于性状的稳定表达和遗传。 相似文献