Money in an Unequal World: Keith Hart and His Memory Bank

Money in an Unequal World: Keith Hart and His Memory Bank. Keith Hart. New York: Texere, 2001. 341 pp.     

Tokenism

Before Writing, Volume 1: From Counting to Cuneiform . Denise Schmandt-Besserat. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1992. 288 pp.
Before Writing, Volume 2: A Catalog of Near Eastern Tokens . Denise Schmandt-Besserat. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1992. 452 pp.     

世界文化遗产“突出的普遍价值”评价标准的演变

围绕《保护世界文化与自然遗产公约》中的文化遗产概念,对1977年至今以来不同版本的《实施世界遗产公约的操作指南》中,世界文化遗产＂突出的普遍价值＂评价标准的修订过程进行研究,分4个历史时期梳理了突出的普遍价值概念、评价标准、真实性和完整性条件、特殊类型遗产列入导则的主要变化,分析了标准修订的进步与局限,归纳了导致标准修订的因素,并探讨了标准修订对于不同相关者所产生的意义。     

A simplified diphenylamine colorimetric method for growth quantification

Cell growth needs to be monitored in biological studies and bioprocess optimization. In special circumstances, such as microbial fermentations in media containing insoluble particles, accurate cell growth quantification is a challenge with current methods. Only the Burton method is applicable in such circumstances. The original Burton method was previously simplified by adopting a two-step sample pretreatment in perchloric acid procedure to eliminate the need for DNA extraction. Here, we further simplified the Burton method by replacing the previous two-step perchloric acid pretreatment with a new and one-step diphenylamine reagent pretreatment. The reliability and accuracy of this simplified method were assessed by measuring the biomass of four model microorganisms: Escherichia coli, Streptomyces clavuligerus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Trichoderma reesei grown in normal media or those containing solid particles. The results demonstrate that this new simplified method performs comparably to the conventional methods, such as OD₆₀₀ or the previously modified Burton method, and is much more sensitive than the dry weight method. Overall, the new method is simple, reliable, easy to perform, and generally applicable in most circumstances, and it reduces the operation time from more than 12 h (for the previously simplified Burton method) to about 2 h.     

A rearrangement of the family Tethyidae (Porifera Hadromerida) with establishment of new genera and description of two new species

The discovery of new species, a study of the type material of already described species and an analysis of the literature data call for an extensive rearrangement of the Family Tethyidae, whose last revision dates from Burton (1924). The rearrangement proposed here attributes to the Family eight genera: Tethya Lam. (type genus), Burtonitethya gen nov. , Columnitis Schmidt, Halicomeies Topsent, Stellitethya gen. nov., Tectnitethya gen. nov., Tethycometes gen. nov . and Xenospongia Gray. The genus Aaptos is excluded from the Tethyidae. Three of the new genera have been established for species previously attributed to the genus Tethya and two are new: Burtonitethya gemmiformis (Burton & Rao) and Tethycometes sibogae sp. nov . Five species, previously attributed to Tethya , are considered 'incertae sedis'. An analytical key and discussion of the evolution of the family are included.     

Culture and the Human Body: An Anthropological Perspective

Culture and the Human Body: An Anthropological Perspective. John W. Burton. Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland Press, 2001. Pp. 129. vii.     

Afro/Creole: Power, Opposition, and Play in the Caribbean

Afro/Creole: Power,. pposition, and Play in the Caribbean. Richard D. E. Burton. Idiaca and London: Cornell University Press, 1997.298 pp.     

Lack of prosociality in great apes,capuchin monkeys and spider monkeys: convergent evidence from two different food distribution tasks

Prosociality can be defined as any behaviour performed to alleviate the needs of others or to improve their welfare. Prosociality has probably played an essential role in the evolution of cooperative behaviour and several studies have already investigated it in primates to understand the evolutionary origins of human prosociality. Two main tasks have been used to test prosociality in a food context. In the Platforms task, subjects can prosocially provide food to a partner by selecting a prosocial platform over a selfish one. In the Tokens task, subjects can prosocially provide food to a partner by selecting a prosocial token over a selfish one. As these tasks have provided mixed results, we used both tasks to test prosociality in great apes, capuchin monkeys and spider monkeys. Our results provided no compelling evidence of prosociality in a food context in any of the species tested. Additionally, our study revealed serious limitations of the Tokens task as it has been previously used. These results highlight the importance of controlling for confounding variables and of using multiple tasks to address inconsistencies present in the literature.     

Nuer Dilemmas: Coping with Money, War, and the State

Nuer Dilemmas: Coping with Money, War, and the State. Sharon E. Hutchinson. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996. 408 pp.     

The Price of Poverty: Money, Work, and Culture in the Mexican American Barrio

The Price of Poverty: Money, Work, and Culture in the Mexican American Barrio . Daniel Dohan. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2003. 314 pp.     

Money and Modernity: State and Local Currencies in Melanesia

Money and Modernity: State and Local Currencies in Melanesia. David Akin and Joel Robbins. eds. ASAO Monograph Series, 17. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1999. 284 pp.     

Reviews

List of Recorded Cotton Insects of the World. By H. H argreaves , A.R.C.S, D.I.C.
The Potato. A Survey of its History and of Factors Influencing its Yield, Nutritive Value and Storage. By W. G. B urton
The Spread of Virus Diseases in the Potato Crop. By J. P. DONCASTER and P. H. GREGORY
Les Richesses de la Mer. By N oel B oudarel     

Money Matters: Instability, Values and Social Payments in the Modern History of West African Communities

Money Matters: Instability, Values and Social Payments in the Modern History of West African Communities. Jane I. Guyer. ed. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann/James Currey, 1995 331 pp.     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: Karen Ask and Marit Tjomsland, (eds) . Women and Islamization: Contemporary Dimensions of Discourse on Gender Relations. Bronwen Douglas . Across the Great Divide: Journeys in History and Anthropology. Britta Duelke . ‘…same but different…’ Vom Umgang mit Vergangenheit: Tradition und Geschichte im Alltag einer nordaustralischen Aborigines ‐ Kommune. Studien zur Kulturkunde Series 108. T. Scarlett Epstein, A. P. Suryanarayana and T. Thimmegowda . Village Voices: Forty Years of Rural Transformation in South India. Richard Eves . The Magical Body: Power, Fame and Meaning in a Melanesian Society. C. A. Gregory . Savage Money: The Anthropology and Politics of Commodity Exchange. Ghassan Hage . White Nation: Fantasies of White Supremacy in a Multicultural Society. Jennifer Robertson . Takarazuka: Sexual Politics and Popular Culture in Modern Japan. Paul Sillitoe . An Introduction to the Anthropology of Melanesia: Culture and Tradition. Helena Wulff . Ballet Across Borders: Career and Culture in the World of Dancers.     

Applications in brain proteomics: 8(th) HUPO Brain Proteome Project Workshop 7 October 2007, Seoul, Korea

What are the current approaches in brain proteomics? Can we combine different, but complementary study designs to obtain better results concerning brain diseases? What are the neuro‐hotspots, especially in Korea? These were some of the questions the participants of the 8^th HUPO Brain Proteome Project Workshop tried to answer prior to the 6^th HUPO World Congress in Seoul, Korea. Around 100 scientists came together during the afternoon of 7 October, 2007, to discuss and to catch up on the latest results and strategies concerning Huntington's disease, glioblastoma and standardization.     

Biodiversity and Biogeography of Chthamalid Barnacles from the North-Eastern Pacific (Crustacea Cirripedia)

The biogeography and ecology of the species of Chthamalus present on the west coast of America are described, using data from 51 localities from Alaska to Panama, together with their zonation on the shore with respect to that of other barnacles. The species present were C. dalli, Pilsbry 1916, C. fissus, Darwin, 1854, C. anisopoma Pilsbry 1916 and four species in the C. panamensis complex. The latter are C. panamensis Pilsbry, 1916, C. hedgecocki, Pitombo & Burton, 2007, C. alani nom. nov. (formerly C. southwardorum Pitombo & Burton, 2007) and C. newmani sp. nov.). These four species were initially separated by enzyme electrophoresis. They could only be partially separated by DNA bar coding but may be separated using morphological characters.     

Meeting report on the 7th World Congress of the Human Proteome Organization (HUPO) in Amsterdam: Proteome Biology

The 7th World Congress of the Human Proteome Organization HUPO was held in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, from August 16 to 20, 2008. The event offered a very dense 5-day agenda consisting of an exciting scientific program documenting the tremendous progress, the current challenges, and the major recent accomplishments of proteomics, an exhibition in which all the major vendors in the field of proteomics from around the globe showcased their products, technologies, and services, educational and training events in which new proteomic technologies were introduced and taught, and a series of workshops and discussion forums of all HUPO sanctioned initiatives, including a potential Human Proteome project. Around 1200 scientific abstracts were received, 80 companies signed up for and supported the exhibition, and the total number of registrations was just above 1700, with close to 700 also present for the weekend's Pre-Program. More than 60 nationalities were represented at the meeting.     

Book Reviews

Communication in Animals B.B.C. Study Record RESR11 based on B.B.C. School series Nature Introduced and produced by Eric Simms. Price: at present £1.50 (including postage) but this price is due to be increased in the near future. The record can be obtained from : B.B.C. Records Department, London S.E.99. Reviewed by J. D. Carthy

British Wild Life Dr. D. Maurice, Jane and Robert Burton An Audio-visual Programme by C.I. Audiovisual Ltd. 6 programmes : £2 each programme. Reviewed by J. Howard     

Determination of pyrimidine nucleotide sequences of DNA]

A modification of the Burton method for determination of pyrimidine nucleotide blocks (isopliths) of DNA, providing a higher yield of large-sized nucleotide isopliths, is described. The amount of side products (interisopliths) does not exceed their amount upon DNA hydrolysis according to the Burton method. Another advantage of the technique recommended is a considerable shortening of hudrolysis time (20 min instead of 18 hours). The modification described has been successfully used to determine the pyrimidine nucleotide blocks of some warm-blooded animals DNAs. It has been found that the DNA of animals with higher sensitivity to ionised irradiation contains more oligothymidylic sequences as compared to the DNA of animals, less sensitive to irradiation.