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扬子鳄胃的组织化学及超微结构研究 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
爬行动物胃的一般组织学和组织化学的研究资料较多,Luppa1对此作了较为详细的总结.超微结构方面,龟鳖类和蜥蜴类亦有报道2,3,鳄类的资料尚缺.扬子鳄(Alligator sinensisFuval)是我国现存惟一的特有鳄类,陈壁辉4等曾对其食性进行了细致的考察,也对胃的一般组织结构作了描述.作者拟从组织化学和超微结构方面对扬子鳄的胃作进一步的研究,以丰富比较组织和细胞学资料,同时也增进对扬子鳄进化位置及其食性适应性结构的认识.
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目的 研究扬子鳄(Alligator sinensis)消化道中生长素释放肽ghrelin免疫活性(IR)细胞的分布、组织定位及其在冬眠期的变化.方法 应用链霉亲和素-生物素-过氧化物酶复合物(SABC)免疫组织化学方法结合生物统计学分析.结果 Ghrelin-IR细胞在扬子鳄的小胃密度最高,在胃贲门部、胃体和胃幽门部有少量分布,主要位于胃腺上皮细胞之间.在食管、十二指肠、空肠、回肠和直肠中均未检测出ghrelin-IR细胞.冬眠期小胃ghrelin-IR细胞显著性减少(P〈0.01),其它部位无显著性变化(P〉0.05).结论扬子鳄消化道ghrelin-IR细胞的分布同其它动物有相似之处,也有其一定的特异性.Ghrelin在扬子鳄冬眠期的代谢变化和能量稳态的调节中起重要作用. 相似文献
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《中国组织化学与细胞化学杂志》2015,(2)
目的观察并比较扬子鳄、家鸡及大鼠中脑酪氨酸羟化酶(Tyrosine hydroxylase,TH)和神经元型一氧化氮合酶(neuronal nitric oxide synthase,nNOS)的表达及阳性神经元的分布特征,为生物进化提供比较解剖学资料,并为扬子鳄种群遗传保护积累形态学资料。方法扬子鳄6只,家鸡和SD大鼠各15只。三种动物再各分3次进行实验,每次扬子鳄2只,家鸡和SD大鼠各5只,取中脑组织,采用免疫组织化学方法结合黑马病理图像分析系统检测三种动物中脑TH、nNOS的表达及阳性神经元的大小、形态与细胞平均灰度值。结果扬子鳄、家鸡、大鼠中脑内均可见不同大小和形态的TH、nNOS阳性神经元。三者中脑的TH、nNOS阳性神经元数量均呈现大鼠最多,家鸡其次,扬子鳄较少(三组间两两比较P0.05),细胞平均灰度值在扬子鳄、家鸡、大鼠也呈依次减少(三组间两两比较P0.05)。三种动物中脑内TH、nNOS阳性神经元的大小和形态存在一定的差异。结论中脑TH、nNOS在扬子鳄、家鸡及大鼠的表达差异可能与不同物种中脑执行其相关神经系统生理功能的不同有关。 相似文献
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扬子鳄(Alligator sinensis)是我国特有的古老而珍稀的爬行动物,现阶段野生扬子鳄的分布区域进一步萎缩,成为彼此孤立的点状,残存栖息地的生态环境趋于恶化,野生鳄数量估计为120 ~150条,老年化程度高.扬子鳄的保护管理依据现实状况及时加以调整,加大了野外保护力度,逐步改善野生鳄的栖息生境,实施野外放归工程,初步遏制了野生鳄数量迅速下滑的局面.人工饲养种群数量已逾10 000条,当前人工饲养繁殖的重点是管理好有限的遗传多样性资源.扬子鳄的研究主要涉及形态学、解剖学、组织胚胎学、生态学、生理生化、细胞及分子生物学,人工饲养繁殖技术等方面.营养生理和保护遗传学的应用研究有待加强. 相似文献
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用航向电镜研究了扬子鳄角膜的超微结构。结果表明:扬子鳄角膜由皮细胞层、Bowman膜、角膜基质、后弹力膜和内皮细胞层组成;与Underwood在爬行类视觉器官综述中认为鳄类无Bowman膜的结果不相符。本文还描述了角膜各层的超微结构的特点。 相似文献
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In experiments on Black Sea skates (Raja clavata), the potential of the receptor epithelium of the ampullae of Lorenzini and spike activity of single nerve fibers connected to them were investigated during electrical and temperature stimulation. Usually the potential within the canal was between 0 and –2 mV, and the input resistance of the ampulla 250–400 k. Heating of the region of the receptor epithelium was accompanied by a negative wave of potential, an increase in input resistance, and inhibition of spike activity. With worsening of the animal's condition the transepithelial potential became positive (up to +10 mV) but the input resistance of the ampulla during stimulation with a positive current was nonlinear in some cases: a regenerative spike of positive polarity appeared in the channel. During heating, the spike response was sometimes reversed in sign. It is suggested that fluctuations of the transepithelial potential and spike responses to temperature stimulation reflect changes in the potential difference on the basal membrane of the receptor cells, which is described by a relationship of the Nernst's or Goldman's equation type.I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. I. M. Sechenov, Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pacific Institute of Oceanology, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 67–74, January–February, 1980. 相似文献
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N. P. Vesselkin Yu. V. Natochin 《Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology》2010,46(6):592-603
Evolution of living organisms is closely connected with evolution of structure of the system of regulations and its mechanisms.
The functional ground of regulations is chemical signalization. As early as in unicellular organisms there is a set of signal
mechanisms providing their life activity and orientation in space and time. Subsequent evolution of ways of chemical signalization
followed the way of development of delivery pathways of chemical signal and development of mechanisms of its regulation. The
mechanism of chemical regulation of the signal interaction is discussed by the example of the specialized system of transduction
of signal from neuron to neuron, of effect of hormone on the epithelial cell and modulation of this effect. These mechanisms
are considered as the most important ways of the fine and precise adaptation of chemical signalization underlying functioning
of physiological systems and organs of the living organism 相似文献
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