戊二醛浓度对免疫电镜胶体金标记密度影响的定量分析

经４％多聚甲醛＋０或０．５％戊二醛固定（１小时）大豆子叶细胞,大部分细胞器和蛋白体发生较大程度的变形,甚至解体,随着固定剂中戊二醛浓度升高对１．５、２．５％。细胞超微结构保存效果提高,蛋白体内反映７Ｓ蛋白质存在的胶体金颗粒密度分别为１９．７％和１１．４个／μｍ＾２。     

一种酚氧化酶原组织定位的胶体金标记免疫电镜方法

以亚洲玉米螟Ostrinia furnacalis Guenée5龄幼虫的中肠和体壁组织为材料,采用Epon812常规包埋方法,以作者实验室制备的酚氧化酶原多克隆抗体为一抗、胶体金标记的羊抗鼠IgG为二抗,采用醋酸双氧铀-柠檬酸铅双染色体系,建立一种胶体金标记的特异性强且超微结构保存较好的亚洲玉米螟幼虫体内中酚氧化酶原免疫电镜定位方法。     

免疫胶体金试剂的制备及应用胶体金免疫电镜技术检测戊型肝炎病毒

报道了用胶体金免疫电镜技术检测戊型肝炎病毒（ＨＥＶ）的方法。实验采用１０ｎｍ胶体金标记纯化兔抗鼠ＩｇＧ制备了免疫胶体金探针试剂。用本法从戊型肝炎患者粪便提取物中检出ＨＥＶ呈球形,直径３２±５ｎｍ。此方法具有快速、灵敏、直观等特点,在ＨＥＶ生物学性质研究中,有一定的应用价值。     

蚕豆叶肉细胞中ABA的胶体金免疫电镜定位

利用胶体金免疫电镜定位技术对蚕豆叶肉细胞中ＡＢＡ定位的研究表明,在以ＡＢＡ抗体处理的切片中,叶绿在有大量的金颗粒标记,细胞质和细胞核也有金颗粒标记,但液泡和细胞壁中没有金颗粒标记,免疫染色前用胰蛋白酶处理可显著增强金颗粒标记密度,而不用ＥＤＣ固定或以免疫前兔血清处理的切片中几乎没有金颗粒标记。本实验为蚕豆叶肉细胞中ＡＢＡ的分布提供了直接的证据并说明了该技术是研究ＡＢＡ定位的一种可靠的方法。     

绿豆上胚轴细胞中BR的胶体金免疫电镜定位

利用葡萄球菌Ａ蛋白与胶体金连接的复合物为探针的免疫电镜定位技术对绿豆上胚轴细胞中ＢＲ定定的结果表明,在用抗ＢＲ抗体处理的超薄切片中,叶绿体、核仁和液泡内有大量的金效果标记,细胞膜和淀粉粒也有金颗粒标记,但细胞壁中没有观察到金颗粒。在不用ＥＤＣ固定的切片中,金颗粒标记密度非常低,而在用正常兔血清处理的切片中,所有细胞器内几乎没有金颗粒。该实验为绿豆上胚轴细胞中ＢＲ的分布提供了直接的证据。     

用胶体金免疫电镜技术研究水分胁迫对蚕豆根中ABA分布与含量的影响

用胶体金免疫电镜技术对蚕豆 ( Vicia faba L.)根中 ABA的定位结果表明 ,在原分生组织金颗粒主要分布在细胞核。在基本分生组织或伸长区前部皮层细胞的质膜附近有较多的金颗粒标记 ,维管柱特别是维管组织的质外体中发现有大量金颗粒标记。伸长区中部及根毛区细胞也有较多的金颗粒标记。水分胁迫可导致初生分生组织或伸长区前部细胞金颗粒标记密度大增 ,伸长区中部及根毛区细胞的金颗粒密度也明显增加。对根中 ABA在超微结构水平上的分布及其与运输的关系进行了讨论 ,为 ABA有可能作为由根向地上部分传递的逆境信息提供了进一步的证据。     

蚕豆（Vicia faba L．）叶肉细胞中ABA的胶体金免疫电镜定位

利用胶体金免疫电镜定位技术对蚕豆叶肉细胞中ＡＢＡ定位的研究表明,在以ＡＢＡ抗体处理的切片中,叶绿体有大量的金颗粒标记,细胞质和细胞核也有金颗粒标记,但液泡和细胞壁中没有金颗粒标记。免疫染色前用胰蛋白酶处理可显著增强金颗粒标记密度,而不用ＥＤＣ固定或以免疫前兔血清处理的切片中几乎没有金颗粒标记。本实验为蚕豆叶肉细胞中ＡＢＡ的分布提供了直接的证据并说明了该技术是研究ＡＢＡ定位的一种可靠的方法。     

胶体金标记进展

胶体金作为一种标记物,已有几十年的历史。最初仅作为透射电镜的非特异性示踪物,七十年代开始将胶体金标记抗体、凝集素等,用于免疫电镜。     

应用免疫胶体金技术定位感病大麦细胞中的大麦和性花叶病毒

本文报道免疫胶体金标记技术的建立,并用此技术定位大麦叶和根组织超薄切片中大麦和性花叶病毒(BaMMV)。在感染病毒的大麦叶和根细胞中,病毒束、游离病毒颗粒和病毒外壳蛋白多分布于细胞质丰富的细胞中,且以液泡和叶绿体(仅叶组织)周围较多。在细胞器已解体的病根表皮细胞中,有时也可检测到大量游离病毒粒子。少数风轮体或板状集结体上也存在病毒或病毒外壳蛋白。细胞核、叶绿体、线粒体、细胞膜以及其他细胞器上都未见有特异性金颗粒标记。     

A Density Labelling Method for the Quantitation of Radioactive Label Recycling in Studies on Individual Protein Turnover

Recycling of radioactive label from degraded protein is a majordrawback in pulse-chase experiments for the measurement of proteinturnover, because it leads to underestimations of degradationconstants. This paper describes a density labelling method forthe quantitation of label recycling into individual proteins,whereby underestimated degradation constants can be corrected.The method requires a density difference between native (light)and density-labelled (heavy) protein of less than 10 g dm^–3and, therefore, allows using ²H₂O concentrations of only 50%(v/v) or even considerably lower. Plants are pulse-labelledwith ^l4C and grown on ²H₂O either during the pulse or followingthe chase. Distribution of ¹⁴C-label between light and heavyprotein is determined from a ¹⁴C-superimposition curve obtainedby isopycnic centrifugation of the purified protein in a CsClgradient. The superimposition curve mathematically is describedby the sum of two single Gaussian curves. It proved impossibleto determine all six unknown parameters of this function byan algorithm. Therefore, mean values (i.e. the peak positionsin the gradient) of light and heavy protein are determined frominternal markers (³H-labelled light or heavy protein). Evaluationof data is performed by a computerized curve fitting programwhich provides a numerical and a graphical result of label recycling.The detection limit of the method is 10% of the minor componentin a heterogenous population of light and heavy protein differingin density by only 8.0 g dm^–3. Key words: Density labelling, deuterium oxide, label recycling, protein degradation, protein turnover     

Go, a GTP-Binding Protein: Immunochemical and Immunohistochemical Localization in the Rat

The tissue and cellular distribution of a GTP-binding protein, Go, was investigated in the rat by immunochemical and immunohistochemical methods. Because the specific antibody for the alpha subunit of bovine Go (Go alpha) cross-reacted with rat Go alpha, an enzyme immunoassay method developed for bovine Go alpha was applied for measuring the tissue concentration of Go alpha in the rat. Go alpha was detected in all tissues examined except blood cells. The concentration of Go alpha was highest in the CNS (approximately 7.7 and 4.4 nmol/g in the cerebrum and cerebellum, respectively), followed by the pituitary gland and sciatic nerve. Among the other peripheral tissues, relatively high concentrations of Go alpha were observed in the urinary bladder, stomach, and intestines; however, these values were less than 2% of the concentration in the cerebrum. Go alpha in the intestine was located mostly in the muscle layer. Immunohistochemical study showed that Go alpha was associated mostly with the neural elements but not with cells particular to each peripheral organ. Go alpha was also present in the membranes of neuroendocrine cells, including glandular cells in the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland, chromaffin cells in the medulla of the adrenal gland, islets cells in the pancreas, and parafollicular cells in the thyroid. These results indicate that Go is localized exclusively in the nervous tissues and neuroendocrine cells.     

转脂蛋白CaMBP10的胶体金标记及对白菜中CaMBP10结合蛋白的鉴定

植物转脂蛋白 (LTP)是一类广泛存在于高等植物中的空间结构高度保守的碱性小分子蛋白,其确切功能和调节机制至今仍不清楚.本室从白菜中分离的钙调素结合 蛋白10 (CaMBP10),经序列分析被鉴定为植物转脂蛋白家族成员.近期研究结果表明 ,CaMBP10 参与了植物的生物与非生物胁迫反应.为了深入探讨CaMBP10的抗性机制,确定植物中与其相互作用的蛋白质,本文拟建立胶体金标记CaMBP10 的方法,通过凝胶覆盖分析,检测植物样品中的CaMBP10 结合蛋白为此,对标记反应的最适条件进行了优化,确定最佳条件为：交联剂戊二醛用量为0.034%,交联反应pH值为7 .0,交联反应时间为40 min,胶体金颗粒度为10 nm,胶体金溶液的pH为7.0. 本文确定建立了植物样品中CaMBP10结合蛋白的分析与鉴定方法.     

低浓度戊二醛对红细胞膜力学特性的影响

采用显微动态图像分析技术无扰、实时、在位地研究了低于0．005％浓度的戊二醛对年轻、老龄红细胞膜变形能力的作用．实验结果表明随着戊二醛浓度的增加,年轻、老龄红细胞膜的弯曲弹性模量明显变大,而老龄红细胞增加幅度更大;且随着戊二醛固定时间的延长,年轻、老龄红细胞膜变形能力的差距越来越大．说明作为免疫分析中常用固定剂的戊二醛对年轻、老龄红细胞细胞骨架的影响差异较大。研究结果可为适当选取在免疫分析测定中,以及以年轻红细胞作为药物载体时需采用的戊二醛浓度提供依据。     

In Vivo and In Vitro Localization of Leishmania within Macrophage Phagolysosomes: Use of Colloidal Gold as a Lysosomal Label1

The interaction of Leishmania with lysosomes within macrophages in vivo has been investigated. Lysosomes labeled with colloidal gold in vivo fused with phagocytic vacuoles containing Leishmania amastigotes within the macrophages of infected footpad tissue of BALB/c mice. This localization of Leishmania within macrophage phagolysosomes in vivo is the first confirmation for any obligate intracellulaire protozoon that parasite-lysosome interactions in vitro occur in vivo.     

胶体金对 K526 细胞影响的研究

本文论述了有关人类白血病细胞系K562细胞的体外培养的特点。以及胶体金纳米颗粒独特的物理性质,并应用胶体金治疗肿瘤的原理和意义,成功的在体外条件下培养出生长状态稳定的K562细胞,最后通过观察、记录体外生长的状况,绘制了细胞生长曲线,并计算出细胞的倍增时间。利用柠檬酸三钠来还原氟金酸的方法制备了胶体金,通过紫外／可见分光光度计和电子透射显微镜检测了胶体金的吸收光谱以及它的颗粒直径、形状,进行了胶体金颗粒对K562细胞的影响研究。竞验结果表明,加入胶体金和没加胶体金的细胞生长状况基本相同。