临床课题结题相关因素对高水平成果产出的影响分析

在课题组承担课题研究与结题的层面,调查近10年来广州医学院7个直属医院的获奖成果和结题项目情况,分析高水平科研成果产出与课题结题因素的关系。认为“研究有关键问题的突破”、“研究结果创新性强、达到国内领先水平”、“研究结果推广被广泛公认”、“研究结果临床应用作用大、效益好”、“有省部以上重点基地依托和单位的有力支持”等为影响高水平成果产出的主要因素,并提出=促进高水平成果产出的临床课题结题要素的管理模式。     

临床科研人员相关因素对高水平科研成果产出的影响分析

通过研究课题组层面，调查近10年的广州医学院7个直属医院的成果和结题项目，分析高水平成果产出与科研人员因素的关系，提出有关临床优秀科研人员要素管理的方法，促进高水平成果产出。     

地市级大型公立医院临床研究型发展模式可行性研究

地市级大型公立医院选择临床研究型发展模式是国家政策的引导、区域医疗的需求以及医疗市场竞争和医疗机构自身发展的需要。确立“临床研究型医院”战略、建设“临床研究型医院”管理体系、学科人才、创新平台和文化氛围是“临床研究型医院”的主要发展路径。同时,建设“临床研究型医院”必须妥善处理好临床医疗与科研教学、规模扩张与内涵提升、自主创新与引进吸收的关系。     

CNKI研制成功《医院科研成果统计分析与评价数据库》

正2017年7月20日,同方知网(CNKI)中国科学文献计量评价研究中心研发的《医院科研成果统计分析与评价数据库》召开了专家鉴定会。来自卫生和医疗主管部门、医院科研处、学协会等18个单位的20位专家参会,并对该项成果给予高度评价,认为其达到国内领先水平。该数据库统计了全国11 863家医院(包括1 647家三级医院、6 357家二级医院)及其200万名学者近10年的科研产出成果数,并对其学术影响力进行了评价。统计的科研成果类型包括国内期刊发文、SCI     

SCI论文的写作及常见退稿原因分析

科研论文是对科学领域中的问题进行总结、研究、探讨,表述科学研究成果的论文。撰写科研论文是科研工作的最后环节,也是科研成果产出和学术交流的主要形式。对广大科技工作者,能否在高水平杂志（如SCI期刊）上发表论文,是评价科研能力和学术水平的一个重要标志。国内的高校和科研单位都将发表论文作为晋升职称、岗位竞争、研究生毕业等工作的主要评价标准。     

CNKI研制成功《医院科研成果统计分析与评价数据库》,日前通过专家鉴定

<正>2017年7月20日,同方知网(CNKI)中国科学文献计量评价研究中心研发的《医院科研成果统计分析与评价数据库》召开了专家鉴定会。来自卫生和医疗主管部门、医院科研处、学协会等18个单位的20位专家参会,并对该项成果给予高度评价,认为其达到国内领先水平。该数据库统计了全国11863家医院(包括1647家三级医院、6357家二级医院)及其200万名学者近10年的科研产出成果数,并对其学术影响力进行了评价。统计的科研成果类型包括国内期刊发文、SCI论文、国内会议和ISTP国际会议论文,以及专利、基金和奖励等。除了统计成果数量以外,该数据库还统计了期刊论文的被引频次、下载频次等影响力指标,并发布了医院和学者的h指数、综合指数等综合评价     

基于DEA的医院省部级重点实验室个体化建设研究

采用数据包络分析法建立三级甲等医院省部级重点实验室的投入和产出评估模型，了解其科研投入和产出的相对效率。有的放矢地针对实验室发展现状，提出个体化建设举措，主要包括：依托信息化管理平台，构建医院科研资源平台、进行个体化人才培养、加强科研项目的立项服务，促进实验室可持续发展。     

创建研究型医院的探索与实践

目的:探讨研究型医院创建的方法与实践,同时也提出对创建研究型医院所要面临的几点思考.方法:本文对创建研究型医院进行探索,加强对研究医院的认识,围绕创新医院管理,加速研究型医院建设与发展模式的了解.创建研究型医院要将科研与临床融合,全面发展医疗质量、管理理念、科研能力、教学组织、服务态度等综合建设,培养高水平人才,组织创建研究型人才与研究型科室,形成医院主体架构与中坚力量.结果:在医疗改革及行业竞争的形势下找准医院的定位,及时转换发展的模式,促进医院的健康发展,是创建研究型医院的重点.创建研究型医院是整体医院建设的发展方向、政治方向与服务方向,是在新医疗改革下,促进诊疗水平提高的有效保障.结论:创建研究型医院可以将医院发展空间拓展开,为人们提供更为优质的医疗服务,惠及患者,同时为疾病的诊治提供有效支持.     

新疆城镇化进程中生态效率变化与影响因素

识别城镇化进程中经济社会发展与资源环境的动态关系，能够丰富生态效率影响机制和地域性分异研究，为区域可持续发展提供理论借鉴。本文以新疆干旱区为研究对象，结合超效率SBM模型、熵值法、OLS回归模型，对2002—2019年城镇化进程中生态效率变化，以及不同城镇化水平生态效率的影响因素进行研究，提出优化生态效率的政策建议。结果表明：新疆生态效率较低，具有“中部高、东西低”的空间分异特征；低、中等水平城镇化区域生态效率符合“U”形曲线变化规律，高水平城镇化区域生态效率呈倒“U”形；生态效率受到产业结构和经济发展水平的显著正向影响，低水平城镇化区域的生态效率受到能源结构的显著影响，中等水平城镇化生态效率受到对外联系、科研投入、发展水平影响显著，高水平城镇化生态效率受产业结构、能源结构和对外联系影响显著；推动能源产业升级、增强科研实力、制定差异化生态策略是优化生态效率的主要路径。     

“医药分开”下医技科室绩效管理改革的探索

在北京市“医药分开”改革的背景下,医院作为改革试点医院,探索建立基于医疗成果的岗位管理绩效考核与分配新机制。文章主要介绍了新的绩效管理方案在医院医技科室的实践应用。新的方案探索将医技工作的操作难度、风险大小、工作时长等方面作为考核因素,力求通过新机制的建立,合理地提高医技科室的工作量与工作质量,调动医技工作人员积极性,真正体现医务人员的价值。     

On the origin of the Hirudinea and the demise of the Oligochaeta

The phylogenetic relationships of the Clitellata were investigated with a data set of published and new complete 18S rRNA gene sequences of 51 species representing 41 families. Sequences were aligned on the basis of a secondary structure model and analysed with maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood. In contrast to the latter method, parsimony did not recover the monophyly of Clitellata. However, a close scrutiny of the data suggested a spurious attraction between some polychaetes and clitellates. As a rule, molecular trees are closely aligned with morphology-based phylogenies. Acanthobdellida and Euhirudinea were reconciled in their traditional Hirudinea clade and were included in the Oligochaeta with the Branchiobdellida via the Lumbriculidae as a possible link between the two assemblages. While the 18S gene yielded a meaningful historical signal for determining relationships within clitellates, the exact position of Hirudinea and Branchiobdellida within oligochaetes remained unresolved. The lack of phylogenetic signal is interpreted as evidence for a rapid radiation of these taxa. The placement of Clitellata within the Polychaeta remained unresolved. The biological reality of polytomies within annelids is suggested and supports the hypothesis of an extremely ancient radiation of polychaetes and emergence of clitellates.     

On the ontogeny of the haptor and the evolution of the Monogenea

Data on the ontogeny of the posterior haptor of monogeneans were obtained from more than 150 publications and summarised. These data were plotted into diagrams showing evolutionary capacity levels based on the theory of a progressive evolution of marginal hooks, anchors and other attachment components of the posterior haptor in the Monogenea (Malmberg, 1986). 5 + 5 unhinged marginal hooks are assumed to be the most primitive monogenean haptoral condition. Thus the diagrams were founded on a 5 + 5 unhinged marginal hook evolutionary capacity level, and the evolutionary capacity levels of anchors and other haptoral attachement components were arranged according to haptoral ontogenetical sequences. In the final plotting diagram data on hosts, type of spermatozoa, oncomiracidial ciliation, sensilla pattern and protonephridial systems were also included. In this way a number of correlations were revealed. Thus, for example, the number of 5 + 5 marginal hooks correlates with the most primitive monogenean type of spermatozoon and with few sensillae, many ciliated cells and a simple protonephridial system in the oncomiracidium. On the basis of the reviewed data it is concluded that the ancient monogeneans with 5 + 5 unhinged marginal hooks were divided into two main lines, one retaining unhinged marginal hooks and the other evolving hinged marginal hooks. Both main lines have recent representatives at different marginal hook evolutionary capacity levels, i.e. monogeneans retaining a haptor with only marginal hooks. For the main line with hinged marginal hooks the name Articulon-choinea n. subclass is proposed. Members with 8 + 8 hinged marginal hooks only are here called Proanchorea n. superord. Monogeneans with unhinged marginal hooks only are here called Ananchorea n. superord. and three new families are erected for its recent members: Anonchohapteridae n. fam., Acolpentronidae n. fam. and Anacanthoridae n. fam. (with 7 + 7, 8 + 8 and 9 + 9 unhinged marginal hooks, respectively). Except for the families of Articulonchoinea (e.g. Acanthocotylidae, Gyrodactylidae, Tetraonchoididae) Bychowsky's (1957) division of the Monogenea into the Oligonchoinea and Polyonchoinea fits the proposed scheme, i.e. monogeneans with unhinged marginal hooks form one old group, the Oligonchoinea, which have 5 + 5 unhinged marginal hooks, and the other group form the Polyonchoinea, which (with the exception of the Hexabothriidae) has a greater number (7 + 7, 8 + 8 or 9 + 9) of unhinged marginal hooks. It is proposed that both these names, Oligonchoinea (sensu mihi) and Polyonchoinea (sensu mihi), will be retained on one side and Articulonchoinea placed on the other side, which reflects the early monogenean evolution. Except for the members of Ananchorea [Polyonchoinea], all members of the Oligonchoinea and Polyonchoinea have anchors, which imply that they are further evolved, i.e. have passed the 5 + 5 marginal hook evolutionary capacity level (Malmberg, 1986). There are two main types of anchors in the Monogenea: haptoral anchors, with anlages appearing in the haptor, and peduncular anchors, with anlages in the peduncle. There are two types of haptoral anchors: peripheral haptoral anchors, ontogenetically the oldest, and central haptoral anchors. Peduncular anchors, in turn, are ontogenetically younger than peripheral haptoral anchors. There may be two pairs of peduncular anchors: medial peduncular anchors, ontogentically the oldest, and lateral peduncular anchors. Only peduncular (not haptoral) anchors have anchor bars. Monogeneans with haptoral anchors are here called Mediohaptanchorea n. superord. and Laterohaptanchorea n. superord. or haptanchoreans. All oligonchoineans and the oldest polyonchoineans are haptanchoreans. Certain members of Calceostomatidae [Polyonchoinea] are the only monogeneans with both (peripheral) haptoral and peduncular anchors (one pair). These monogeneans are here called Mixanchorea n. superord. Polyonchoineans with peduncular anchors and unhinged marginal hooks are here called the Pedunculanchorea n. superord. The most primitive pedunculanchoreans have only one pair of peduncular anchors with an anchor bar, while the most advanced have both medial and lateral peduncular anchors; each pair having an anchor bar. Certain families of the Articulonchoinea, the Anchorea n. superord., also have peduncular anchors (parallel evolution): only one family, the Sundanonchidae n. fam., has both medial and lateral peduncular anchors, each anchor pair with an anchor bar. Evolutionary lines from different monogenean evolutionary capacity levels are discussed and a new system of classification for the Monogenea is proposed.In agreeing to publish this article, I recognise that its contents are controversial and contrary to generally accepted views on monogenean systematics and evolution. I have anticipated a reaction to the article by inviting senior workers in the field to comment upon it: their views will be reported in a future issue of this journal. EditorIn agreeing to publish this article, I recognise that its contents are controversial and contrary to generally accepted views on monogenean systematics and evolution. I have anticipated a reaction to the article by inviting senior workers in the field to comment upon it: their views will be reported in a future issue of this journal. Editor