生态农业与乡村经济持续发展

生态农业与乡村经济持续发展张壬午,计文瑛,孙鸿良（天津农业部环境保护研究所,３００１９１）（中国农科院,北京１０００８１）ＥｃｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌＡｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒｅａｎｄＳｕｓｔａｉｎａｂｌｅＤｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｏｆＲｕｒａｌＥｃｏｎｏｍｙ￥．ＺｈａｎｇＲｅｎｗｕ;ＪｉＷｅｎｙｉｎｇ（Ａｇｒｏ－ｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔＰｒｏｔｅｃｌｉｏｎＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅ,Ｔｉａｎｊｉｎ３００１９１）,ＳｕｎＨｏｎｇｌｉａｎｇ（ＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＡｃａｄｅｍｙｏｆＡｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒａｌＳｃｉｅｎｃｃｓ,Ｂｅｉｊｉｎｇ１０００８１）．ＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＪｏｕｒｎａｌｏｆＥｃｏｌｏｇｙ,１９９３,１２（２）：１９—２０．ＴｈｉｓｐａｐｅｒｂｒｉｅｆｌｙｐｒｅｓｅｎｔｓｔｈｅｃｕｒｒｅｎｔｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｏｆｅｃｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌａｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒｅｉｎＣｈｉｎａａｎｄｃｏｍｐａｒｅｓｗｉｔｈｔｈｅ＇＇ｓｕｓｔａｉｎａｂｌｅａｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒｅａｎｄｒｕｒａｌｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔ＇＇（ＳＡＲＤ）ｐｕｔｆｏｒｗａｒｄｂｙＦＡＯ,Ｃｈｉｎａ’ｓｓｕｓｔａｉｎａｂｌｅａ－ｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒｅｉｓｎｏｔｏｎｌｙａｎｉｎｇｅｎｉｏｕｓ     

高中毕业证书HSC考试生物试题浅析

高中毕业证书ＨＳＣ考试生物试题浅析张明亮（山东省烟台教育学院生物系２６４００１）方绍英（山东省烟台市第一小学２６４００１）高中毕业证书考试（即ｈｉｇｅｒｓｃｈｏｏｌｃｅｒｔｉｆｉｃａｔｅｅｘａｍｉｎａｔｉｏｎｓ，简称ＨＳＣ考试）是澳大利亚新南威尔士州...     

生态位概念演变与展望

生态位概念演变与展望张光明谢寿昌（中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园,昆明６５０２２３）ＤｅｖｅｌｏｐｅｍｅｎｔｏｆＮｉｃｈｅＣｏｎｃｅｐｔａｎｄＩｔｓＰｅｒｓｐｅｃｔｉｖｅｓ：ＡＲｅｖｉｅｗ．ＺｈａｎｇＧｕａｎｇｍｉｎｇ,ＸｉｅＳｈｏｕｃｈａｎｇ（Ｘｉｓ...     

植食性昆虫产卵的化学生态学

植食性昆虫产卵的化学生态学张庆贺,姬兰柱（林业部森林病虫害防治总站沈阳１１００３１）（中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,１１００１５）ＣｈｅｍｉｃａｌＥｃｏｌｏｇｙｏｆＯｖｉｐｅｓｉｔｉｏｎｏｆＨｅｒｂｉｖｏｒｏｕｓＩｎｓｅｔｔｓ．￥ＺｈａｎｇＱｉｎｇｈ...     

马铃薯卷叶病毒（PLRV）基因组研究进展

马铃薯卷叶病毒（ＰＬＲＶ）基因组研究进展张鹤龄（内蒙古大学生物系,呼和浩特０１００２１）关键词马铃薯卷叶病毒,基因组ＴｈｅＡｄｖａｎｃｅｓｉｎＰＬＲＶＧｅｎｏｍｅＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＺｈａｎｇＨｅｌｉｎｇ（ＩｎｎｅｒＭｏｎｇｏｌｉａＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ,...     

金银花水土保持效益的研究

金银花水土保持效益的研究杨吉华王华田张光灿王立海王洪刚焦宝柱（山东农业大学,泰安２７１０１８）（山东省平邑县水利局,２７３３００）ＥｆｆｅｃｔｓｏｆｔｈｅＨｏｎｅｙｓｕｃｋｌｅｏｎＳｏｉｌａｎｄＷａｔｅｒＣｏｎｓｅｒｖａｔｉｏｎ．ＹａｎｇＪｉｈｕａ...     

水稻苗床土壤调酸后对土壤酶活性及一些营养元素的影响

水稻苗床土壤调酸后对土壤酶活性及一些营养元素的影响唐咏,梁成华,张中原,李焕珍（沈阳农业大学,１１０１６１）（沈阳市土肥工作站,１１００３４）ＥｆｆｅｃｔｓｏｆＳｏｉｌＡｃｉｄｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎｏｎＥｎｚｙｍｅＡｃｔｉｖｉｔｉｅｓａｎｄＮｕｔｒｉｅｎ...     

东北细辛资源的开发与综合利用

东北细辛资源的开发与综合利用张秀（内蒙古商都县小海子乡科技站０１３４５７）一、形态特征东北细辛，别名烟袋锅子，细辛（Ａｓａｒｕｍ，ｈｅｔｅｒｏｔｒｏｐｏｉｄｅｓＦｒ，Ｓｃｈｍｉｄｔ，Ｖａｒ．ｍａｎｄｓｈｕｒｉｃｕｍ（Ｍａｘｉｍ）Ｋｉｔａｇ，属马兜铃科...     

“坡壁效应”对减轻雪柑园降雪冻害的作用

“坡壁效应”对减轻雪柑园降雪冻害的作用张名福（福建省顺昌县农业局３５３２００）＂Ｓｌｏｐｅ－ｗａｌｌＥｆｆｅｃｔ＂ｉｎＤｉｍｉｎｉｓｈｉｎｇＳｎｏｗｆａｌｌＦｒｅｅｚｅＩｎｊｕｒｙｏｆＣｉｔｒｕｓｓｉｎｅｎｓｉｓｖａｒ．ｓｅｋｋａｎ￥．ＺｈａｎｇＭｉｎｇｆｕ（ＡｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒａｌＢｕｒｅａｕ,ＳｈｕｎｃｈａｎｇＣｏｕｎｔｙ,ＦｕｊｉａｎＰｒｏｖｉｎｃｅ）．ＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＪｏｕｒｎａｌｏｆＥｃｏｌｏｇｙ,１９９３．１２（３）：５７－５８．＂Ｓｌｏｐｅ－ｗａｌｌｅｆｆｅｃｔ＂ｈａｓａｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｒｏｌｅｉｎｄｉｍｉｎｉｓｈｉｎｇｓｎｏｗｆａｌｌｆｒｅｅｚｅｉｎｊｕｒｙｏｆＣｉｔｒｕｓｓｉｎｅｎｓｉｓｖａｒ．ｓｅｋｋａｎｐｌａｎｔｅｄｏｎｔｅｒｒａｃｅｄｍｏｕｎｔａｉｎｏｕｓｆｉｅｌｄｓｗｉｔｈａｄｅｆｉｎｉｔｅｄｅｇｒｅｅｏｆｓｌｏｐｅ－ｗａｌｌ．Ｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｉｏｎｓｓｈｏｗｔｈａｔｆｒｅｅｚｅｉｎｊｕｒｙｓｔａｒｔｓｔｏｂｅｄｉｍｉｎｉｓｈｅｄｏｎｆｉｅｌｄｓｗｉｔｈａ５３．８°ｏｆｓｌｏｐｅ－ｗａＩｌａｎｄｉｓｄｉｍｉｎｉｓｈｅｄｓｉｇｎｉｆｉ－ｃａｎｔｌｙｏｎｔｈｏｓｅｗｉｔｈａ８０     

利用微束激光穿刺法将菜豆几丁质酶基因导入油菜的研究

利用微束激光穿刺法将菜豆几丁质酶基因导入油菜的研究杨仲毅王兰岚刘志岩张铁汉刘桂珍陈正华（中国科学院遗传研究所,北京,１００１０１）ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎｏｆＢｅａｎＣｈｉｔｉｎａｓＧｅｎｅｉｎｔｏＢｒａｓｓｉｃａｎａｐｕｓｂｙＬａｓｅｒＭｉｃｒｏｂ...     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.