脆弱拟杆菌粘附特性的研究

对４５株脆弱拟杆菌进行试验,及电镜检查,受检菌株对硫酸铵的盐凝及对人、兔和豚鼠红细胞的血凝试验一部阴性;ＨｅＬａ细胞粘附试验有１５．６％阳性,电镜下４／６株可见到菌毛结构,该菌毛不同于一般肠道病,与血凝和粘附试验无一致的关系。     

脆弱拟杆菌β—内酰胺酶的纯化及免疫学特性

The beta-lactamase crude extract of Bacteroides fragilis 55 was chromatographed with DEAE-sepharose CL-6B and sephadex G-100. The partial purified enzyme proteins was further purified by cutting the band on PAGE in which the beta-lactamase was distinguishable from other proteins by our method of fluorescent staining. Using purified preparations to be mixed with liposome-CPS-K, prepared specific antisera against the purified beta-lactamase. Serological reactions were carried out by IgG-ELISA together with western blotting. The results revealed that Bacteroides fragilis beta-lactamase possessed its species-specificity.     

脆弱拟杆菌β—内酰胺酶的理化及酶学特性

Bacteroides fragilis 55 from clinical specimens was selected at random for beta-lactamase investigation of physico-chemical and enzymological properties. The enzyme was characterized as a cell-associated cephalosporinase with some penicillinase activity, the molecular weight of the enzyme being 43,000 and the pI 4.95. It could be inhibited by cefoxitin, PCMB, carbenicillin, sulbactam, clavulanic acid and cloxacillin. The optimum pH and temperature for enzyme reactions have been found to be 7.2 and 37 degrees C, respectively. The analysis of amino acid composition and parameters of enzyme kinetics has been described.     

脆弱拟杆菌β-内酰胺酶的纯化及免疫学特性

利用层析结合PAGE回收蛋白的方法对临床分离的脆弱拟杆菌(Bacteroides tragilis)55的β-内酰胺酶进行纯化,纯酶与Liposome-CPS-K混合制备抗血清,并建立了lgG—ELISA和western blotting方法。其测定结果表明,脆弱拟杆菌的β-内酰胺酶不同于其它拟杆菌和肠道杆菌染色体编码的β-内酰胺酶(p<0.001),具有种的特异性。     

8例肿瘤患者脆弱拟杆菌血流感染的病例分析

脆弱拟杆菌(Bacteroides fragilis, BF)是人体肠道共生菌,也是临床工作中检出率较高的厌氧菌。本研究于2020年6月-2021年12月收集从8名肿瘤患者血培养中分离的11株厌氧菌,经基质辅助激光解析电离-飞行时间质谱(matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry, MALDI-TOF MS ) 技术鉴定为脆弱拟杆菌。病例分析结果显示：5名患者为结直肠癌患者;手术是脆弱拟杆菌最常见的易感因素(4/8);临床最常使用的药物为亚胺培南西司他丁钠(4/8);7名患者使用抗菌药物治疗后效果良好,发热缓解,感染得到控制,复查血培养结果转阴。本报道通过对肿瘤患者血流感染脆弱拟杆菌的感染因素和抗菌药物治疗进行回顾分析,以期为微生物实验室检测和临床诊治提供依据。     

拟杆菌的研究及应用

拟杆菌大量存在于宿主体内,对宿主的健康起着重要的作用。当宿主微生态平衡被破坏时它又是条件致病菌,使宿主患病。主要总结了最近10年来国内外学者对拟杆菌的研究状况,重点对拟杆菌的致病及益生机理进行了阐述。此外,还介绍了几株有重要应用价值的拟杆菌,并就以后的研究趋势作了展望。     

双歧杆菌抗生素耐药性研究进展

目前,由于抗生素的广泛、大量使用,耐药菌株急剧增多,加剧了耐药菌对人类健康和生态环境的威胁。有研究表明,益生菌自身含有的耐药基因或耐药质粒等可通过基因水平转移传递给人体肠道中的致病菌,导致耐药菌感染。随着双歧杆菌相关微生态制剂的广泛应用,通常以活菌形式进入人体的双歧杆菌,与肠道内原籍群混合生长,致使其携带的耐药性基因片段在肠道菌群中水平转移,从而导致某些致病菌具有耐药性。因此,研究双歧杆菌等益生菌的耐药性基因转移有着十分迫切的意义。本文总结了双歧杆菌的耐药性,分析了双歧杆菌的耐药机理,为进一步筛选安全的双歧杆菌菌株提供理论依据。     

脆弱拟杆菌BF839治疗寻常型银屑病：一项单臂、开放初步临床试验

银屑病被认为是一种T细胞主导的炎症性疾病,其发病与肠道菌群失调密切相关。脆弱拟杆菌 (Bacteroides fragilis,BF) 可通过调节T细胞的细胞因子表达起抗炎作用。目前尚无脆弱拟杆菌用于治疗银屑病的相关报道,文中率先探究脆弱拟杆菌BF839对银屑病的治疗效果。选择2019年4月至2019年10月广州医科大学附属第二医院就诊的27例银屑病患者,维持原治疗不变,口服脆弱拟杆菌BF839 12周,对比治疗前后银屑病皮损面积与严重程度指数 (Psoriasis area and severity index,PASI) 评分,统计治疗12周后药物减停率。结果表明,12周试验完成率为96.3% (26/27),12周PASI30 (PASIN定义为治疗后PASI评分下降≥N%的患者比例) 为65.4%,PASI50为42.3%,PASI75为19.2%;治疗前PASI评分为9.1±5.9,治疗12周后PASI评分为5.8±4.9,具有显著统计学差异 (P<0.01);治疗12周后皮肤瘙痒程度用视觉模拟量表 (Visual analog scale,VAS) 评分有效率为42.3%,治疗前VAS评分为2.9±2.2,治疗12周后VAS评分为2.3±2.1,无显著统计学差异 (P>0.05)。患者治疗12周内不良反应率为3.8% (1/26),其中便秘1例,药物减停率为60.0%。以上结果提示脆弱拟杆菌BF839可能对银屑病治疗有一定疗效,可降低PASI评分及药物使用率,不良反应少,值得进一步研究。     

脆弱类杆菌荚膜的初步观察

本文对实验室保存的72株脆弱类杆菌(Bf)及18株其它菌株,采用培养基添加血清和短期连续传代的方法,然后用Hiss荚膜染色法染色镜检,结果显示所检Bf均有厚薄不一的荚膜,其中具有厚的荚膜的计34株,中度厚度荚膜的19株,薄的19株,而所检的卵形类杆菌,核梭杆菌等未见荚膜,作对照的产气荚膜梭菌亦有厚的荚膜。作者对Bf的荚膜与致病关系以及荚膜染色方法作了讨论。     

Characterization of restriction endonuclease BfrBI from Bacteroides fragilis strains BE3 and AIP 10006

A new type II restriction endonuclease, named BfrBI, was detected in two strains of Bacteroides fragilis, BE3 and AIP 10006 (NCTC 9343T). The enzyme BfrBI, an isoschizomer of NsiI and AvaIII, recognized the hexanucleotide sequence [5'-ATG decreases CAT-3'], with a cleavage site generating blunt ends.     

对脆弱类杆菌β-内酰胺酶及其与肠道微生态学关系的初步探讨

本文利用β-内酰胺酶作为分类学研究的方法,探讨了脆弱类杆菌与肠道菌之间的微生态学关系。临床分离菌株脆弱类杆菌55的β-内酰胺酶经离子交换层析、凝胶过滤和制备型聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳进行纯化,纯酶与脂质体-CPS-K佐剂混合制备抗血清,并建立IgG-ELISA和Western blotting方法,其测定结果均表明脆弱类杆菌的β-内酰胺酶不同于其它类杆菌和肠道菌的β-内酰胺酶,具有种的特异性。     

Role of neuraminidase-dependent adherence in Bacteroides fragilis attachment to human epithelial cells

Of 50 B. fragilis strains isolated from clinical samples we have demonstrated that 24 (48%) possess an adhesin that mediates a neuraminidase-dependent attachment of B. fragilis to mammalian epithelial cells, but does not mediate any association with human polymorphonuclear leucocytes. This ligand interacts with a mammalian cell receptor that contains a galactoside residue, exposed after neuraminidase pretreatment. Our results suggest a possible role for cell associated neuraminidase in mediating a two step adherence mechanism.     

Neuraminidase production by Bacteroides species

Abstract 128 strains of Bacteroides isolated from clinical specimens were surveyed for their ability to produce neuraminidase. All strains of Bacteroides fragilis and the B. fragilis group were neuraminidase-positive, as were strains of B. oralis and B. bivius . All strains of B. capillosus, B. ruminicola, B. disiens, B. multiacidus and B. uniformis did not produce a detectable neuraminidase. When human erythrocytes were exposed to cell extracts of neuraminidase-producing Bacteroides , and then tested with peanut ( Arachis hypogeae ) lectin, agglutination occurred. It was concluded that the production of neuraminidase by clinical isolates of Bacteroides may be associated with the pathophysiology of severe Bacteroides infections.     

A new subtype of the metalloprotease toxin gene and the incidence of the three bft subtypes among Bacteroides fragilis isolates in Japan

The bft gene encoding Bacteroides fragilis toxin (BFT) has been devided into two subtypes, bft-1 and bft-2. We found a novel subtype by sequencing a segment of the bft gene from 64 enterotoxigenic B. fragilis (ETBF) strains isolated in Japan. The 1548-bp nucleotide sequences of the new bft, the bft-1, and bft-2 genes were determined for five, four, and four ETBF strains, respectively; the nucleotide sequence was identical among each bft subtype and the degree of identity between each subtype was between 89 and 94%. Most of the variations between the three subtypes were detected in the region encoding mature toxin. A multiplex PCR was developed with a four-primer mix to subtype the bft sequences. The subtyping of 143 ETBF isolates from extraintestinal and stool specimens of humans and cows showed that the bft-1 was the most prevalent subtype, followed by bft-2 and a new bft subtype. No other subtype was found among the strains tested.     

脆弱类杆菌属菌株的培养及免疫血清的制备

本文报告了从国外引进的五种类杆菌培养,鉴定及其抗血清的制备。结果表明这些类杆菌在牛心脑培养基中容易生长。均为厌氧性革兰氏阴性无芽孢多形态杆菌。经生化反应鉴定结果发现脆弱类杆菌对红霉素(60μg)、利福平(15μg)敏感,而对多粘菌素B(10μg)、青霉素(2IU)、卡那霉素(1000μg),万古霉素(5μg)耐受。用不同接种途径免疫家兔所获得的脆弱类杆菌抗血清的结果表明皮下加不完全佐剂组血清中的抗体滴度明显高于一般皮下组及静脉注射组。     

The interaction of Bacteroides fragilis with components of the human fibrinolytic system

Bacteroides fragilis is a minor component of the intestinal microbiota and the most frequently isolated from intra-abdominal infections and bacteremia. Previously, our group has shown that molecules involved in laminin-1 (LMN-1) recognition were present in outer membrane protein extracts of B. fragilis MC2 strain. One of these proteins was identified and showed 98% similarity to a putative B. fragilis plasminogen-binding protein precursor, deposited in the public database. Thus, the objective of this work was to overexpress and further characterize this novel adhesin. The ability of B. fragilis MC2 strain and purified protein to convert plasminogen into plasmin was tested. Our results showed that B. fragilis strain MC2 strain adhered to both LMN-1 and plasminogen and this adhesion was inhibited by either LMN-1 or plasminogen. Regarding the plasminogen activation activity, both the whole bacterial cell and the purified protein converted plasminogen into plasmin similar to streptokinase used as a positive control. Bacterial receptors that recognize plasminogen bind to it and enhance its activation, transforming a nonproteolytic bacterium into a proteolytic one. We present in vitro evidence for a pathogenic function of the plasminogen receptor in promoting adherence to laminin and also the formation of plasmin by B. fragilis .