Biofeedback and Dance Performance: A Preliminary Investigation

Alpha-theta neurofeedback has been shown to produce professionally significant performance improvements in music students. The present study aimed to extend this work to a different performing art and compare alpha-theta neurofeedback with another form of biofeedback: heart rate variability (HRV) biofeedback. Twenty-four ballroom and Latin dancers were randomly allocated to three groups, one receiving neurofeedback, one HRV biofeedback and one no intervention. Dance was assessed before and after training. Performance improvements were found in the biofeedback groups but not in the control group. Neurofeedback and HRV biofeedback benefited performance in different ways. A replication with larger sample sizes is required.     

电刺激迷走神经对蟾蜍心率和心率变异的影响

目的:观察不同频率迷走神经刺激对蟾蜍离体心脏的心率及心率变异的影响。方法:将蟾蜍心脏和右侧迷走交感干离体后,以不同频率电刺激神经,记录心电图曲线并作心率变异性(HRV)分析。结果:交感神经阻断后,电刺激迷走交感干,心率(HR)显著下降(P0.01),全部正常心动周期的标准差(SDNN)和相邻正常心动周期差值的均方根(RMSSD)显著升高(P0.01),不同频率刺激组之间没有明显差异;与对照组相比,各指标变化较大;给药组0.2Hz时高频(HF)显著升高(P0.01),低频/高频比值(LF/HF)明显降低(P0.05),0.8Hz时HF和LF/HF接近刺激前水平。结论:一定范围内增加刺激频率,迷走神经降低心率的作用增强;没有交感神经调节条件下的迷走神经对心率和心率变异的调节可能存在不同的机制。     

血管紧张素Ⅱ对家兔心率变异的影响

目的:研究血管紧张Ⅱ(AngⅡ)对家兔心率变异(HRV)影响的机制。方法:分别给家兔静脉输注生理盐水,AngⅡ,溴化六烃季胺(HEXB),HEXB+AngⅡ检测安静状态下连续5 min的心电图并进行HRV的时域和频域分析。结果:血管紧张素Ⅱ组的时域指标SDNN和RMSSD较对照组明显降低,频域指标低频(LF)升高,而高频(HF)和总功率(TP)明显降低;HEXB+AngⅡ组与HEXB组相比无明显区别。结论:交感神经阻断剂HEXB不能影响AngⅡ的作用,AngⅡ主要通过抑制中枢自主神经的传出,降低迷走神经张力来降低HRV。     

An Examination of the Relationship Between Resting Heart Rate Variability and Heart Rate Reactivity to a Mental Arithmetic Stressor

Resting heart rate variability can be an index of sympathetic or parasympathetic dominance, according to the frequency of the variability studied. Sympathetic dominance of this system has been linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Similarly, rapid and dramatic increases in heart rate reactivity to a stressor task have also been suggested as indicating increased risk of CVD via atherogenesis. Although both of these variables have been related to the development of cardiovascular disease, and both may be related to increased sympathetic activity or parasympathetic withdrawal, most research studies have tended to focus on either variable independently of the other. In order to investigate whether these two indices of stressor reactivity were related in relatively young and healthy subjects, resting heart rate variability data were collected from 80 volunteers for 20 minutes. In addition, heart rate reactivity data were collected during a 2-minute mental arithmetic stressor, which has been previously shown to induce significant increases in heart rate. After classifying subjects according to whether their heart rate variability data were above or below the mean for their gender, heart rate reactivity data were examined via MANOVA to detect significant differences between subject groups. Females showed significant effects, and males showed nonsignificant trends, but these two sets of data were in different directions, suggesting that gender may be a confounding factor in the relationship between heart rate reactivity and heart rate variability.     

AUTONOMIC CONTROL OF HEART RATE AFTER EXERCISE IN TRAINED WRESTLERS

The objective of this study was to establish differences in vagal reactivation, through heart rate recovery and heart rate variability post exercise, in Brazilian jiu-jitsu wrestlers (BJJW). A total of 18 male athletes were evaluated, ten highly trained (HT) and eight moderately trained (MT), who performed a maximum incremental test. At the end of the exercise, the R-R intervals were recorded during the first minute of recovery. We calculated heart rate recovery (HRR_60s), and performed linear and non-linear (standard deviation of instantaneous beat-to-beat R-R interval variability – SD1) analysis of heart rate variability (HRV), using the tachogram of the first minute of recovery divided into four segments of 15 s each (0-15 s, 15-30 s, 30-45 s, 45-60 s). Between HT and MT individuals, there were statistically significant differences in HRR_60s (p <0.05) and in the non linear analysis of HRV from SD1_30-45s (p <0.05) and SD1_45-60s (p <0.05). The results of this research suggest that heart rate kinetics during the first minute after exercise are related to training level and can be used as an index for autonomic cardiovascular control in BJJW.     

用心率变异功率谱研究出生后心率变慢的机理

目的 :探讨神经机制及心源性因素在出生后心率变慢中的作用。方法 :运用心率变异性的频域和时域分析方法 ,主要为功率谱分析方法 ,以不同年龄组的人和家兔为实验对象 ,对出生后心脏的自主神经调控进行初步探讨 ;并通过观察不同年龄组离体灌流兔心 (无神经体液因素影响 )自律性的变化 ,探讨心脏本身因素是否参与出生后心率变慢的调控。结果 :人和家兔迷走交感对心率的调控作用比在各年龄组之间有显著差异 ,且随年龄增长逐渐升高 ;家兔离体心脏的自主心率在各年龄组之间有显著差异 ,且随年龄增长逐渐降低。结论 :出生后心率减慢与神经机制有关 ,也有心脏本身因素的参与     

蝮蛇抗栓酶伍用刺五加对冠心病心率变异性的影响

目的探讨蝮蛇抗栓酶伍用刺五加对冠心病心率异性的影响。方法观察蝮蛇抗栓酶伍用刺五加对冠心病变异性的影响,并与对照组对比。结果治疗组ＳＤＮＮ、ＨＦ、ＬＦ／ＨＦ改变较对照组有显著差异性（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论该方法能显著提高冠心病患者的心率变异性,对冠心病心源性猝死的预防有着重要意义。     

正常人和无睡眠呼吸异常慢病患者睡眠期间的呼吸源性心率变异初步报告*

目的: 整体整合生理学医学新理论-呼吸循环代谢等系统一体化调控提出了呼吸为循环指标变异性起源的假说,我们对人睡眠期间的呼吸和心率变异分别分析,探索心率变异的起源。方法: 本研究回顾性分析了2014年以来行心肺运动试验（CPET）、多导睡眠图（PSG）鼻气流和心电图监测的8例无疾病诊断的正常人和10例无睡眠呼吸异常的慢性疾病患者,分析夜晚睡眠期间鼻气流的呼吸周期与心电图R-R间期心率变异周期的关系。一个完整的呼吸周期包括吸气过程和紧接着的呼气过程,分析计算呼吸周期数、平均呼吸周期时间等指标。心率由心电图的R-R间期计算获得,连续一次心率由最低点上升至最高点,再由最高点下降至最低点,为一个心率变异周期,计算心率变异周期数、平均心率变异时间、心率变异平均幅度等指标。比较同一人呼吸和心率变异指标之间的相互关系,以及两组人群之间的异同。结果: 正常人峰值摄氧量、无氧阈等CPET核心指标均显著优于无睡眠呼吸异常的慢性疾病患者（P<0.05）。正常人AHI（（1.7±1.3）次/小时）和无睡眠呼吸异常慢性疾病患者AHI（（2.9±1.2）次/小时）无差异（P>0.05）。正常人呼吸周期数与心率变异周期数（（6581.63±1411.90）次、（6638.38±1459.46）次）、平均呼吸周期时间与平均心率变异周期时间（（4.19±0.57）s、（4.16±0.62）s）均高度一致,无差异（P>0.05）。无睡眠呼吸异常的慢性疾病患者上述指标比较（（7354.50±1443.50）次与（7291.20±1399.31）次、（4.20±0.69）s与（4.23±0.68）s）也是高度一致,无统计学差异（P>0.05）。正常人呼吸周期数/心率变异周期数（0.993±0.027）与无睡眠呼吸异常的慢性疾病患者呼吸周期数/心率变异周期数（1.008±0.024）比值均接近1。正常人心率变化平均幅度（（5.74±3.21） bpm）略高于无睡眠呼吸异常的慢性疾病患者（（2.88±1.44） bpm,P<0.05）。结论: 正常人和无睡眠呼吸异常的慢性疾病患者无论功能状态如何,心率变异与呼吸存在极其相似的一致性,其心率变异的始发因素均为呼吸所致。     

基于复杂度的心率变异性分析研究进展

心率变异性（HRV）是当前心电图分析的一个前沿热点,它反映了交感神经和副交感神经对心血管系统的综合调节作用,是评价心血管系统功能的重要指标。随着非线性动力学和复杂性科学的发展,HRV信号被普遍认为是混沌或含有混沌成分的信号。复杂度是用来表征一个心率非线性动力学系统复杂程度的量度,以其简单快速的优点引起了众多研究者的兴趣,并广泛应用于心率变异性分析。本文综述了国内外复杂度算法的研究进展及基于复杂度的心率变异性分析的临床应用及前景。     

糖尿病植物神经病变病人心率变异的非线性定量分析

目的：研究糖尿病人植物神经病变与心率变异的关系。对象：正常对照组和根据临床有无糖尿病神经病变（ＤＡＮ）分组的糖尿病病人,方法：应用２４小时动态心电图对正常和糖尿病人进行心率变异的线性,非线性散点图和非线性定量参数分析,结果：单纯糖尿病组ＳＤＮＮ,ＳＤＡＮＮ和ＰＮＮ５０低于正常组（Ｐ〈０．０５）;糖尿病＋ＤＡＮ组各项线性时域分析指标均低于正常和单纯糖尿病组（Ｐ〈０．０１－０．００１）,散点图分析结果     

EFFECTS OF AEROBIC EXERCISE ON THE CIRCADIAN RHYTHM OF HEART RATE AND BLOOD PRESSURE

Although the effects of aerobic exercise on resting heart rate, heart rate variability, and blood pressure have been investigated, there are scant data on the effects of aerobic exercise on the circadian rhythm of such cardiovascular parameters. In this study, we investigated the effects of aerobic exercise on the 24?h rhythm of heart rate and ambulatory blood pressure in the morning, when cardiovascular events are more common. Thirty-five healthy young subjects were randomized to control and aerobic exercise groups. Subjects in the latter group participated in their respective exercise program for two months, while those in the former group did not exercise. Twenty-four-hour electrocardiogram and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring data were obtained at baseline and at the end of the exercise intervention. The control group showed no changes, while the aerobic exercise group showed a significant decrease in heart rate (73.7?±?6.6?bpm to 69.5?±?5.1?bpm, p?<?0.005) and sympathetic activity such as LF/HF ratio (2.0?±?0.7 to 1.8?±?0.6, p?<?0.05) throughout the 24?h period, particularly in the daytime. The decrease in the heart rate was most prominent in the morning. However, heart rate and LF/HF ratio showed no statistical changes during the night. No significant changes were observed in blood pressure. These findings suggest aerobic exercise exerts beneficial effects on the circadian rhythm of heart rate, especially in the morning. (Author correspondence: hshio@kobe-u.ac.jp)     

强化间歇训练对慢性心衰患者心肺耐力及自主神经功能的影响

目的：探讨强化间歇训练对慢性心衰患者心肺耐力及自主神经功能的影响。方法：34名稳定期慢性心衰患者随机分成试验组和对照组,每组各17名,两组均采用常规药物治疗,其中试验组同时结合间歇运动训练治疗,训练周期12周,前2周为适应性训练,采用功率自行车和30%~50% HRmax强度进行训练,每周训练3次,每次运动20~30 min;后10周采用强化间歇训练,采用功率自行车和运动靶心率=80%~90% HRmax强度训练,训练时间30~40 min,每周训练3次;采用6 min步行距离和心率变异性指标进行效果评价。结果：与试验前比较,12周治疗后,对照组和试验组6 min步行距离均增加,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.01）,反映自主神经功能的时域指标和频域指标均出现增高,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.01）;试验后,试验组6 min步行距离、时域指标和频域指标改变幅度大于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.01）。结论：强化间歇训练可以作为慢性心衰患者心肺耐力提高和自主神经功能改善的康复手段,比单一的药物治疗效果更好。     

Assessing Heart Rate Variability Using A 12 lead ECG In Patients With Alcohol Dependence Syndrome

Heavy or hazardous drinking is associated with an increased risk of cardiac morbidity and mortality and this has been attributed to abnormalities in cardiac autonomic regulation. Current study aimed to assess the role of simple indices derived from 12 lead ECG in subjects with chronic alcohol dependence. Data suggested that alcohol group had significantly lower 12 lead ECG derived RR variability compared to age and gender matched controls. Study further supports the implication of 12 lead derived RR variability indices in various clinical settings.     

迷走神经和交感神经系统不同活动状态对心率变异性的影响

实验在氯醛糖加氨基甲酸乙酯麻醉的新西兰兔上进行。记录血压、心率、心电图并对心电Ｒ－Ｒ间期（ＲＲＩ）作功率谱密度（ＰＳＤ）分析。以单调性电刺激和低频率的波动性电刺激分别刺激减压神经、疑核和右侧迷走神经外周端,观察到低频率的波动性刺激对增加ＰＳＤ中低频成分（ＬＦ）的作用比单调性电刺激更大（Ｐ〈０．０５）。注射新福林仅在头一个２５６个心动周期时间内引起总变异性（ＴＶ）、ＬＦ、ＰＳＤ中高频成分（ＨＦ）。Ｌ