Paracoccidioidomycosis with palpebral and conjunctival involvement

A case of paracoccidioidomycosis with ocular involvement is studied. Brazilian literature is reviewed. The scarcity of human ocular mycosis is commented on. The most frequent clinic aspects of ocular lesions in natural mycosis are described.

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Resumo Um caso de paracoccidioidomicose pulmonar e linfática seguido de comprometimento conjuntivo-palpebral é estudado, em São Paulo.A literatura nacional é revista. As lesões oculares, mais frequentemente verificadas, na paracoccidioidomicose natural são descritas, minuciosamente. O pequeno número de casos humanos com comprometimento ocular é discutido.A severidade e a frequencia das lesões oculares em animais inoculados intracardiacamente, com cultivos de P. brasiliensis sugerem disseminação hematogênica ocular da paracoccidioidomicose humana.

     

Trichophyton mentagrophytes infection in laboratory white mice

Trichophyton mentagrophytes infection was studied in a breeding colony of 42 white mice. Symptoms were observed in only 3 out of the 12 animals shown to carry dermatophyte on their coats.Literature on Trichophyton mentagrophytes infection in mice is reviewed. The use of the technique developed by Mariat & Tapia (16) to isolate dermatophytes on cultures, specially for epidemiological surveys, is postulated.Attention is called to the importance of healthy animals, directly or indirectly, as carriers of fungi and sources of infection to other animals and human beings.

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Resumo E feita uma revisão da literatura sobre infecção, em camundongos, por T. mentagrophytes e descrita uma epizootia em camundongos do biotério da Escola Paulista de Medicina.Dos 42 animais usados para experimentação, 3 apresentavam lesões descamativas na cabeça e dorso. T. mentagrophytes foi isolado, em cultivo, de 2 dos camundongos com lesão e de 10 animais, clinicamente sadios. A tecnica desenvolvida por Mariat & Tapia para isolamento de fungos do tegumento de animais e de pacientes, com ou sem lesões visiveis, em áreas extensas do corpo, parece ser a mais indicada, pela praticabilidade e facilidade de seu uso, principalmente em amplos inquéritos epidemiológicos. Chama-se atenção para a importância dos animais sadios, como vetores de esporos de fungos e fontes de infecção, diretamente ou indirectamente, para o homem e outros animais.

     

Perianal and/or rectal lesions in South American blastomycosis

Summary The authors review and comment on Brazilian literature on the observations of South American Blastomycotic lesion in perineal, anal and/or rectal localization.They relate a case of a patient presenting a perineal lesion two years after the excision of a tumor caused byP. brasiliensis in the brain.They comment onMackinnon's pathogenic theory of South American Blastomycosis that presumes that lungs are the portal of entry ofP. brasiliensis by inhalation of its spores. Thus, mucocutaneous lesions are secondary to a primary pulmonary localization by hematogenous route.

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Sumário Os autores revisam e comentam a literatura brasileira sôbre as observacões de Blastomicose Sul-americana com localização peineoano-retal.Relatam a observação de um paciente no qual a lesão perineal surgiu dois anos após a ablação de um tumor do cérebro porP. brasiliensis.Discutem a casuística à luz da teoria patogênica deMackinnon, admitindo que a porta de entrada do fungo seja pelas vias aéreas, por inhalação dos espórios do fungo. As lesões mucocutãneas são pois secundárias à localização pulmonar primária, (às vêzes inaparantes) da qual resultam por disseminaçåo hematógena.

     

Isaria cretacea van Beyma

Riassunto E' una breve nota descrittiva diIsaria cretacea van Beyma isolata da terreno di bosco ad Eucalipto.Trattasi di un Ifomicete non ancora segnalato presente in Italia e forse non ancora rinvenuto nel terreno.E' specie auxo-eterotrofa e presenta attività antagonista verso altre specie di funghi.

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Summary The present note deals briefly withIsaria cretacea van Beyma, isolated from Eucaliptus soil. The fungus is a Hyphomycete whose presence in Italy was never noticed before and perhaps it is the first time the it is found in soil. ThisIsaria is an auxo-heterotrophic species and shows a certain antagonistic activity against some fungi.

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Resumo O presente trabalho é uma nota breve descritiva deIsaria cretacea van Beyma, isolada de terreno de um bosque de Eucaliptos. Tratase de um Ifomicete cuja presença na Italia não foi ainda assinalada e talvez seja a primeira vez que é isolada de terreno.E' uma especie auxo-heterotrofica e apresenta uma certa atividade antagonista sobre outros fungos.

     

Elytrosporangium: A new genus of the actinomycetales

Summary Elytrosporangium (Greek Elytron, pod), a new genus of Actinomycetales from soil, placed in the family ActinoplanaceaeCouch, and its type species,E. brasiliense, are described. The main characteristic of the new genus is the production, in the substratal mycelium, of pod-shaped sporangia (merosporangia) with non-motile, globose, subglobose, to more or less cylindrical sporangiospores in chains. In addition, aerial mycelium with spores in chains, as inStreptomyces, is produced.

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Zusammenfassung Elytrosporangium (griechisch: Elytron, Schote) eine neue Gattung von Actinomycetels des Bodens wird hier zusammen mit der ArttypeE. brasiliense beschrieben. Das Hauptmerkmal der genannten Gattung ist die Erzeugung von Sporangien in Schotenform (Merosporangien) im vegetativen Myzel. Die Sporangien bilden sich sowohl am Ende von Haupthyphen als auch in kleinen seitlichen Zweigen, einzeln oder als Trauben, von zwei bis fünf. Die Sporangiosporen bilden eine Kette, die Basale mehr oder weniger zylindrisch und die übrigen fast kugelförmig. Luftmyzel mit Ketten von Konidien können erzeugt werden wie inStreptomyces. Wir betrachten die beschriebene Gattung als zur Familie Actinoplanaceae gehörend.Die Arttype wurde isoliert von Bodenproben welche gesammelt wurden in einen Bodenprofil von 45 cm Tiefe in Verfolg des Programms einer Mikrobiologischen Prospektion des Bodens im Nordosten von Brasilien welches IMUR gemeinsam mit anderen brasilianischen wissenschaftlichen Körperschaften ausführt.

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Sumário Elytrosporangium (grego Elytron, vágem), um novo gênero de Actinomycetales do solo é descrito, juntamente com sua espécie tipo,E. brasiliense, A principal característica do gênero em foco é a produção de esporângios em forma de vágem (merosporângios), no micélio vegetativo. Os esporângios formam-se tanto na extremidade de hifas principais como na de pequenos ramos laterais, isoladamente ou em cachos de dois a cinco.Os esporangiosporos constituem uma cadeia, os basais sendo mais ou menos cilíndricos e os demais globosos ou subglobosos.Um micélio aéreo exibindo cadeias de conídios pode ser produzido, como emStreptomyces.Consideramos o gênero em causa como integrante da familia Actinoplanaceae. A espécie tipo foi isolada de amostra de solo coletada num perfil, a 45 cm de profundidade, como decorrência de programa de prospecção microbiológica dos solos do Nordeste do Brasil que o IMUR vem desenvolvendo em colaboração com entidades científicas brasileiras.

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IMUR, Publ. no. 467.     

Aspergillus Gracilis Bainier var. Sartoryi (Biourge) Batista,Lima e Vital n. var. — Sua importáncia filogenética

Summary We deal with a new variety ofAspergillus which we callAspergillus gracilis Bainiervar. sartoryi (Biourge) Batista, Lima and Vital.This variety appears to be very important under the phylogenetic point of view, apparently being an intermediate form betweenAspergillus andPenicillium.Its morphology resemblesA. gracilis but the conidia characteristics are distinct; we took the epithetsartoryi fromA. sartoryi Biourge which was not described by the respective author.We suggest, too, the transfer of the seriesA. restrictus, where we put our new variety, from the groupA. glaucus, to become independant, as a connective series in the phylogenetic development betweenAspergillus andPenicillium, since the type of the series and the other elements that it embraces does not produce sclerotia or cleistothecia and the conidial apparatus offers curious similarity toPenicillium. Besides, some fungi of the series grow well in certain culture media, in complete discordance with the members of the groupA. glaucus.

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Publiçacão no 4

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Chefe do Instituto de Micologia;

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Diretor do Instituto de Antibióticos e Prof. de Microbiologia da Escola de Química;

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Assistente micologista do Instituto de Micologia — (Todos da Universidade do Recife).

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Os autores declinam o seu agradecimento ao Dr.Heraldo da Silva maia, Assistente micologista eD. Marilene Maranhão Moreira, Auxiliar-Técnico, do Instituto de Micologia, pela colaboração que lhes prestaram, durante a realização do presente trabalho.     

Choroidal granuloma caused by ‘Paracoccidioides brasiliensis’

A 48 year-old-female with a choroidal granuloma presented a systemic picture of paracoccidioidomycosis proven by rhinopharyngeal biopsy. The clinical picture, the differential diagnosis and the therapeutic test are discussed. This is the first time that the fluorescein angiography is described in such cases.

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Resumo Paciente de 48 anos de idade com urn granuloma de coroide apresentou quadro sistêmico de paracoccidioidomicose provado por biópsia de lesão da rinofaringe. São discutidos os aspectos clínicos, diagnósticos diferenciais e prova terapêutica. Esta é a primeira vez que se descreve a angiografia fluoresceínica num caso destes.

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This study was supported by Centro de Estudos de Oftalmologia Moacyr E. Alvaro.     

Observations on Savanna vegetation-types in the Guianas

Summary The vegetation was studied of a number of savannas in northern and southern Surinam, and in French Guiana. The results are compared in particular with the vegetation classification proposed earlier for northern Surinam, and with some records from the northern Rupununi Savanna, Guyana (Van Donselaar 1965).The savannas studied near Brownsweg (northern Surinam) have vegetation types that correspond completely with those of some other savannas of the same geological-pedological type more to the North, as described before. New is the finding of a type of scrub bordering the savanna, being the scrub equivalent of a type of bushes described earlier as theMarlierea type.On the top and the slopes of the Blauwe Berg near Berg en Dal (northern Surinam) an anthropogenic savanna has developed. Two new vegetation types are recorded here that belong to the alliance Rhynchosporo-Trachypogonion. At the foot of the hill a flat savanna supports a vegetation that gives the impression of being of recent origin and unbalanced.It appears possible to apply the existing classification to the communities found on savannas near Cayenne (French Guiana). In this area the conspicuousByrsonima verbascifolia (var.villosa fo.spathulata) occurs in several undescribed vegetation types that belong to various entities. A xerophilous and a hygrophilous community ofByrsonima verbascifolia are distinguished, belonging to the Rhynchosporo-Trachypogonion and the Bulbostylidion lanatae, respectively.On the Sipaliwini Savanna in southern Surinam most vegetation types do not fit into one of the existing alliances. However, if new alliances would be described, it should be possible to include them into the existing orders. There probably is an alliance, called here communities ofTrachypogon plumosus andBulbostylis spadicea, that might be regarded as the southern counterpart of the Rhynchosporo-Trachypogonion in the order Trachypogonetalia plumosi, and a supposed alliance with muchRhynchospora graminea andR. globosa might have the same position with regard to the Imperato-Mesosetion in the order Paspaletalia pulchelli. Among the communities that might be included in the alliance Axonopodion chrysitidis there is one occurring on sandy soil without a hog-wallow structure at the surface. Floristically it has connections with the Paspaletalia pulchelli but it also has many characteristic species of its own. Whether this community has to be placed in a distinct alliance will have to depend on the results of further investigations in this area. Anyhow, more data are needed for the drafting of a complete picture of the rich and interesting Sipaliwini Savanna.On a savanna south-west of the airstrip Sipaliwini (southern Surinam) the vegetation consists mainly of communities belonging to the Bulbostylidion lanatae.Summarizing the above-mentioned results, one may say that a number of communities not studied before are added to the picture of the savanna vegetation of the Guianas. It proved possible to integrate these communities without much difficulty in the classification presented earlier that so far has functioned as a practical framework.

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Beobachtungen an Savannen vegetationstypen in den Guayanas

Zusammenfassung Die Vegetation einiger Savannen in Nordsurinam, Südsurinam und Französisch-Guayana wurde untersucht. Die Ergebnisse werden besonders verglichen mit einer schon früher vorgeschlagenen Vegetationsklassifikation und mit einigen Aufnahmen der nördlichen Rupununisavanne in Guayana, dem ehemahligen Britisch-Guayana (Van Donselaar 1965).Die bei Brownsweg (Nordsurinam) untersuchten Savannen haben Vegetationstypen, die denjenigen anderer, schon früher bearbeiteter, mehr nördlich gelegener Savannen desselben geologisch-pädologischen Typs ganz ähnlich sind. Es wurde ein neuer, die offenen Savannen begrenzender Typ von Gestrüpp gefunden. Er ist als Gestrüppäquivalent eines Buschtyps, der früher alsMarlierea-typ beschrieben worden ist, zu betrachten.Auf dem Gipfel und den Hängen des Blauen Berges bei Berg en Dal (Nordsurinam) hat sich eine anthropogene Savanne entwickelt. Zwei neue Vegetationstypen wurden hier angetroffen, beide dem Verband Rhynchosporo-Trachypogonion angehörend. Eine flache Savanne am Fuß des Berges trägt eine Vegetation, die rezent entstanden und noch nicht ausgeglichen zu sein scheint.Es ergibt sich, daß die vorhandene Klassifikation auch auf die Pflanzengesellschaften einiger Savannen bei Cayenne (Französisch-Guayana) zutrifft. In dieser Gegend findet sich die auffälligeByrsonima verbascifolia (var.villosa fo.spathulata) in mehreren unbeschriebenen Vegetationstypen, die verschiedenen Einheiten angehören. Es wurde eine xerophile und eine hygrophile Gesellschaft vonByrsonima verbascifolia unterschieden, die den Verbänden Rhynchospora-Trachypogonion bezw. Bulbostylidion lanatae zugeteilt werden können.Die meisten Vegetationstypen der Sipaliwinisavanne (Südsurinam) passen nicht in einen der beschriebenen Verbände. Wenn aber neue Verbände dafür beschrieben würden, so könnten diese in den bestehenden Ordnungen untergebracht werden. Es ist wohl ein Verband zu unterscheiden, hier Gesellschaften vonTrachypogon plumosus undBulbostylis spadicea genannt, der als ein südliches Gegenstück des nördlichen Rhynchosporo-Trachypogonion-Verbandes in der Ordnung Trachypogonetalia plumosi zu betrachten wäre, und vermutlich steht ein Verband mit vielRhynchospora graminea undR. globosa in demselben Verhältnis zum Imperato-Mesosetion-Verband in der Ordnung Paspaletalia pulchelli. Unter den Gesellschaften, die dem Verband Axonopodion chrysitidis zuzurechnen sind, gibt es eine auf sandigem Boden ohne Hügel-und-Schlenken-Struktur. Sie hat floristische Beziehungen zu den Paspaletalia pulchelli, aber hat auch manche eigene Kennarten. Die Entscheidung, ob diese Gesellschaft in einem neuen Verband unterzubringen ist, muß von weiteren Untersuchungsergebnissen abhängig gemacht werden. Überhaupt ist noch viel weitere Arbeit erforderlich, bevor das Bild der Vegetation der reichen und interessanten Sipaliwinisavanne vollständig ist.Die Vegetation einer Savanne südwestlich des Flugplatzes Sipaliwini (Südsurinam) besteht hauptsächlich aus Gesellschaften des Verbandes Bulbostylidion lanatae.Als Zusammenfassung der obenerwähnten Ergebnisse kann man sagen, daß eine Anzahl von bisher nicht bekannten Gesellschaften dem Gesammtbild der Savannenvegetation der Guayanas hinzugefügt worden ist. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß diese Gesellschaften ohne viel Mühe in die früher veröffentlichte Klassifikation eingefügt werden können, so daß diese als ein praktisches Ramenwerk brauchbar bleibt.

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Observaçoes sôbre vegetaçoes de savana nas Guianas

Resumo A vegetação foi estudada em várias savanas ao norte e sul de Suriname, e na Guiana Francêsa. Os resultados foram comparados, em particular, com a classificação de tipos de vegetação obtida antes no norte de Suriname e com alguns dados da parte norte da Savana Rupununi, Guiana Inglesa, agora Guyana (Van Donselaar 1965).As savanas estudadas perto de Brownsweg (norte do Suriname) possuem tipos de vegetação que correspondem completamente com aqueles de outras savanas do mesmo tipo geológico-pedológico mais ao norte, já descritos antes. Foi encontrada aí uma faixa arbustiva bordejando a savana que é nova e, equivalente ao tipo de capões descrito anteriormente como o tipo deMalierea.No topo e nas vertentes do Blauwe Berg perto de Berg en Dal (norte do Suriname) uma savana antropogênica encontra-se desenvolvida aí. Dois tipos novos de vegetação são aí apontados que pertencem a aliança Rhynchosporo-Trachypogonion. No sopé de colina encontra-se uma savana plana que apresenta uma vegetação dando a impressão se sêr de origem recente e em desequilíbrio.Parece sêr possível aplicar a classificação existente das comunidades encontradas nas savanas próximas à Cayenne (Guiana Francêsa). Nessa área a conspícuaByrsonima verbascifolia (var.villosa fo.spathulata) ocorre em vários tipos vegetais não descritos que pertencem a entidades diversas. Uma comunidade xerófila e uma higrófila deByrsonima verbascifolia são definidas, pertencendo a primeira ao Rhynchosporo-Trachypogonione, a segunda ao Bulbostylidon lanatae.Na Savana Sipaliwini ao sul de Suriname a maioria dos tipos de vegetação não se acomodam a nenhuma das alianças existentes. Entretanto, se novas alianças fossem criadas, seria possível incluilas nas ordens existentes. É provàvelmente uma aliança chamada aquí comunidades deTrachypogon plumosus eBulbostylis spadicea que pudesse sêr considerada como correspondente sulino do Rhynchosporo-Trachypogonion na ordem Trachypogonetalia plumosi, e uma aliança com muitaRhynchospora graminea eR. globosa que pudesse estar na mesma situação em relação ao Imperato-Mesosetion da ordem Paspaletalia pulchelli. Entre as comunidades possíveis de sêr incluidas na aliança Axonopodion chrysitidis, é uma que se encontra em solo arenoso, mas sem a superfície com caneluras reticuladas que é chamada hogwallowed em inglês e kaw-foetoe no Suriname. Além das conecções florísticas com a Paspaletalia pulchelli tem muitas espécies características próprias. Se esta comunidade tem que sêr localizada numa aliança separada, dependerá dos resultados de investigações futuras nesta área. Em tôdo caso mais dados são necessários para a delineação dum desenho completo da rica e interessante Savana Sipaliwini.Na savana SW do compo d'aterrisagem Sipaliwini (sul do Suriname) a vegetação consiste, a maioria, de comunidades de Bulbostylidion lanatae.Reunindo os resultados acima mencionados, podemos dizer que um número de comunidades não estudados antes são acrescentados à pintura da vegetação das savanas das Guianas. Também evidenciou-se sêr possível integrar estas comunidades sem muitas dificuldades não classificação apresentada antes, que até agora funciona como moldura prática.

     

Pectinase production by Penicillium frequentans

High activities of extracellular pectinase with viscosity-diminishing and reducing groups-releasing activities were produced by Penicillium frequentans after 48 h at 35°C, in agitated cultures supplemented with 0.5% citrus pectin and initial pH of 2.5. Under these conditions the fungus also produced high activity of pectinesterase. At an initial pH of 7.0 or 8.0, pectin lyase activity was also detected. Enzyme activity releasing reducing sugars was more stable at 50°C than viscosity-diminishing activity. Both activities were maximal at pH 2.5 to 5.2 and at 55°C.The authors are from the Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida do Café, s/n^o, Bairro Monte Alegre, 14.049 Ribeirão Preto, S.P., Brazil.     

Trichophyton verrucosum in Brazil

Summary The authors review Brazilian literature on human and cattle ringworm infection withT. verrucosum.They report the first time on human and bovine autochtonous infections in Rio Grande do Sul. They try to explain the origin of this epizootic focus verified in Bajé (Rio Granje do Sul, Brazil).

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Sumário Os autores revisam a literatura nacional sôbre infecção humana e animal porTrichophyton verrucosum no Brasil.Relatam a verificação de casos autoctones em 3 pessoas e uma epizootia em animais; tentam explicar a origem dêsse foco epizoótico em Bajé (R. Grande do Sul).

     

Ringworm by Microsporon gypseum in a dog

Summary The authors make a review ofM. gypseum infection in animals in Brazil. They relate a case of ringworm in a dog by this dermatophyte. They predict that the finding of animal ringworm by this fungus may be commoner in Brazil.

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Sumário Os autores fazem uma revisão das Tinhas em animais, determinadas peloM. gypseum no Brasil. Relatam um caso de Tinha por êsse fungo em um cão. Comentam que as infecções um animais porM. gypseum devam ser mais frequentes em nosso país.

     

Critical analysis of coprolite evidence of medicinal plant use, Piauí, Brazil

Human coprolites, dating from 8500 to 7000 years BP, were collected from the rock-shelter of Boqueirão da Pedra Furada, in Piauí, Brazil. These dates fall within the “Serra Talhada” cultural traditions I and II of the Tradição Nordeste, a paleohuman culture of northeastern Brazil. Archaeoparasitological analysis of the coprolites revealed whipworm eggs and hookworm eggs. Analysis of Tradição Nordeste skeletons and hair shows a variety of diseases including dental problems, osteoarthritis, and head louse infestation. Palynological analysis of the coprolites revealed 12 genera that were potentially medicinal. The pollen data were critically analyzed to assess the potentiality that the pollen represented medicinal use. Strong cases could be made that three of the genera, Anacardium, Borreria, and Terminalia, were actually used for medicinal purposes, probably to treat symptoms caused by the intestinal parasites.     

Bestimmung des Turgordruckes an einer Einzelzelle mit dem Manometer

Ohne ZusammenfassungMit 3 Textabbildungen.Vortrag Um novo metodo de determinação direta da pressão osmotica numa celula vegetal dom manometro auf dem ersten südamerikanischen Botanikerkongreß in Rio de Janeiro am 17. 9. 38.     

Trichosporon figueirae n. sp. assinalado como fungo intestinal

Summary Trichosporon figueirae Bat. Silv. n. sp. is described as a fungus of intestinal anormal mycoflore.

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Publicação no 171     

Intorno ad un lievito osmofilo sistematicamente prossimo a Sacch. Elegans Lodder et Kreger-van Rij

Riassunto Viene descritto un lievito osmofilo, isolato da mosto d'uva naturale, tassonomicamente vicino aSacch. elegans Lodder etKreger-van Rij.Questo lievito viene riguardato comeSacch. elegans var.intermedia nov. var. (pro tempore).

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Summary Here is described an osmophilic yeast isolated from natural grape must which is taxonomically similar toSacch. elegans Lodder etKreger-van Rij.This yeast is regarded asSacch. elegans var.intermedia nov. var. (pro tempore).

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Resumo Nêste trabalho descrive-se uma levedura osmofila isolada de môsto de uva natural taxonomicamente proxima aSacch. elegans Lodder etKreger-van Rij.Esta levedura è considerada então, comoSacch. elegans, var.intermedia nov. var. (pro tempore).

     

Les Cervidae (Mammalia, Artiodactyla) du Pléistocène supérieur-Holocène ancien de la région du Parc National Serra da Capivara (Piauí, Brésil)

The Upper Pleistocene/Lower Holocene fossil-bearing sites of the Serra da Capivara National Park Region have yielded three cervid species: Mazama gouazoubira, M. americana and Blastocerus dichotomus, all currently living in South America, the two first in the region. A grand total of more than one hundred remains demonstrates the presence of Mazama gouazoubira in seven sites, mainly the Toca das Moendas, the Toca do Serrote do Artur, the Toca da Cima dos Pilão. This small species shows, since the Upper Pleistocene, a conspicuous tendency to reduce the average dimensions of its teeth and long bones. From the taller M. americana, only a dozen of remains were found in four sites, mainly the Sitio do Meio. In all of these it is sympatric with M. gouazoubira. It differs from this last one by its cheek teeth and its limb bones size and proportions. The oldest site where the species is known is Tarija (Bolivia, Middle Pleistocene) and it does not show any significant changes in size and proportions between recent and fossil samples. Sixteen remains of the large B. dichotomus were found in five sites, mainly the Toca das Moendas and the Toca da Barra do Antonião. The species is a rare fossil, but is frequently figured in the rock art painting of the region, where it is presently unknown.     

Da ocorrência de Hanseniaspora valbyensis Kloecker em apêndice cecal humano e lesões epidérmicas

Summary This paper deals with the study of two strains ofHanseniaspora valbyensis Kloecker respectively isolated from human cecal appendix contents and from epidermal lesions in one case of dermatomycosis.

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Publicação no 183     

Estudo taxonômico de um novo Aspergillaceae

Summary Aspergillus fasciculatum n. sp. has been found as contaminant of Lab. cultures, on 30.10.1952 and again on 29.9.1954. It grows well in Czapek neutral agar, as well as in Malt agar and Potato-dextroseagar, less intensively in Corn steep agar.Other media have not been tried so far.It presents conidiophores smooth or rough, yellowish, septated or not, undivided or branching at the apex, supporting then 2 vesicles or yet with the apex trifurcated or turning into branches, each swelling to form vesicles, side by side, with single head conidiophores.Abnormal structures in which the sterigma becomes a second conidiophore with a vesicle, were found very common. Normal structures present vesicles with two and one series of sterigmata.Having its connections within the Flavus-oryzae group, by these outstanding characteristics not reported before, it was considered a new species.

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(Publicação No 5)

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Os autores agradecem aD. Marilene Maranhão Moreira, a colaboração prestada no curso dêste trabalho.     

Prevalence of paracoccidioidomycosis in hospitalized adults in Rio de Janeiro (RJ) Brazil

Double immunodiffusion were used as screening test for the diagnosis of paracoccidioidomycosis. Five hundred hospitalized adults from general (150 patients — group I) and from a specialized chest disease hospital (350 patients — group II), were tested. All of them were without definitive etiological diagnosis and clinical specimens were obtained from the patients with positive serology. Testing sera obtained from 150 patients of the group I, fifty six cases of paracoccidioidomycosis were diagnosed. Specimens for mycological examination were subsequently obtained from 50 of these patients; P. brasiliensis could be recovered in 49 (98%). Fundamental importance was the finding of 17 (4.8%) cases of paracoccidioidomycosis among the 350 patients referred from a chest disease hospital (group II). Serological evidence of paracoccidioidomycosis found in 73 (14.6%) of the 500 screened patients, indicates a relatively high prevalence of this mycosis in adults patients admitted to several hospitals in RJ. These data probably do not reflect the real prevalence of paracoccidioidomycosis in RJ and should be considered as a gross underestimation. Thus, attention should also be paid to juvenile forms and DID could be of a great value in screening these cases too.This work forms part of the thesis A importância das técnicas de imunoprecipitação na triagem e diagnóstico da paracoccidioidomicose, histoplasmose e aspergilose. Estudo em população hospitalar do RJ. M. Phil. on Parasite Biology, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, RJ — 1984.     

Quantification of trehalose in biological samples with a conidial trehalase from the thermophilic fungus Humicola grisea var. thermoidea

The partially-purified, thermally-stable trehalase from conidia of Humicola grisea was highly specific for trehalose and was free of potentially interfering activities. The enzyme was fully stable when stored in solution at -15°C for at least 6 months. This preparation could be used to quantify trehalose from 0.05 to 1.25 mol/ml either in carbohydrate mixtures or in complex biological materials.M.J. Neves, H.F. Terenzi and J.A. Jorge are with Departmento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirao Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14040-901-Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; F.A. Leone is with Departamento de Quimica, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14040-901-Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.