实时荧光重组酶聚合酶扩增快速检测临床常见曲霉菌方法的建立

目的:针对曲霉菌属转录间隔区ITS1设计引物、探针,利用实时荧光重组酶聚合酶扩增(Real-time RPA)技术建立一种快速、准确、经济的临床常见曲霉菌检测鉴定方法。方法:利用建立的实时荧光重组酶聚合酶扩增体系对标准菌株及临床标本提取的DNA进行扩增,验证该方法的性能。结果:本研究针对曲霉菌属转录间隔区ITS1设计引物、探针利用RPA试剂盒(荧光型)建立了Real-time RPA扩增体系,在15分钟内即可检测出临床常见的四种曲霉菌;特异性试验结果显示反应体系只对烟曲霉、黄曲霉、土曲霉、黑曲霉四种曲霉呈现出明显的扩增曲线,而其它细菌和真菌均无扩增曲线。灵敏性试验显示最低检出限为10-3 ng/μL。临床验证试验的12份曲霉菌均有较高的扩增效应。结论:本研究建立的Real-time RPA方法能快速、特异、灵敏地检出烟曲霉、黄曲霉、土曲霉、黑曲霉等临床常见曲霉菌,为曲霉菌的快速、现场检测提供了一种新的思路。     

重组酶聚合酶扩增技术结合侧向流动试纸条快速检测锦鲤疱疹病毒

为建立一种快速、灵敏并适用于临床检测Ⅲ型鲤疱疹病毒(Cy HV-3, KHV)的方法,实验根据KHV SphI-5基因的保守序列片段设计引物及探针,采用重组酶聚合酶扩增技术结合侧流层析试纸条(RPA-LFD)检测KHV。重组酶聚合酶扩增技术(RPA)具恒温扩增及高灵敏度特点,简化了设备要求的同时又能做到高效检测病毒,再结合侧向流动试纸条(LFD)将RPA结果快速地可视化,提高了该疾病的检测效率。结果表明,在38℃的最适反应温度下,采用RPA-AGE技术仅需10min便可检测出病原的目标片段,结合LFD方法仅需5min便可将RPA结果通过试纸条可视化呈现。研究研发的KHV RPA-LFD检测方法简单、快捷,可为实验条件有限的养殖场快速诊断需求提供技术支撑。     

重组酶聚合酶扩增技术检测结核分枝杆菌

目的 利用重组酶聚合酶扩增（Recombinase Polymerase Amplification,RPA）技术检测结核分支杆菌。方法 采用Axxin T8-ISO扩增仪（TwistDX公司）,反应温度设置为39℃,反应时间20 min。检测分为实验组、阳性对照组和空白对照组。实验组模板DNA从痰液中提取。阳性对照模板DNA为H37Rv标准菌株样本DNA及卡介苗提取的DNA。空白对照为蒸馏水。结果 RPA技术可在20 min内明显区分103~106 copies/mL的阳性质粒与阴性对照。对分离培养的结核杆菌（H37Rv）DNA及卡介苗提取的DNA,阳性克隆质粒进行等温扩增,结果结核杆菌分离株DNA、卡介苗DNA、阳性克隆质粒均有阳性扩增反应,而非结核分枝杆菌分离株和阴性对照无阳性扩增反应。灵敏度为100%,特异性为82%。结论 RPA技术利用了重组酶、单链结合蛋白、DNA聚合酶代替了传统PCR变性、退火、延伸的热循环过程,在常温25℃~42℃、15~30 min内即可实现痕量核酸的快速扩增,可应用于快速检测人结核分枝杆菌,是一种全新的检测方法。     

重组酶聚合酶扩增技术：一种新的核酸扩增策略

重组酶聚合酶扩增 (recombinase polymerase amplification, RPA)是近年来兴起的一种等温核酸扩增技术,它比聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction, PCR)及其它等温扩增技术更快速、便捷、高效。本文将详细介绍RPA这项新颖的技术,并对其在医疗诊断、农业、食品、生物安全等方面的研究及应用进展进行综述。期望这项技术得到更多的关注,使其发展更加完善,将来在更多的领域充分发挥作用,甚至书写核酸检测历史新篇章。     

重组酶聚合酶扩增技术在植物病毒检测中的应用

随着分子生物学技术的发展,多种核酸等温扩增技术逐渐被开发出来。其中,重组酶聚合酶扩增(recombinase polymerase amplification,RPA)作为一种快速、灵敏的检测技术具有很大的优势。目前,RPA已应用于转基因生物、各类病原物及食品安全检测等多个领域,并作为新兴技术在植物病毒检测领域中快速发展。RPA技术只需一对引物,在恒温条件下(37-42℃)只需30 min左右即可完成反应,具有较高的灵敏度与特异性。因此,该技术正迅速成为一种能够用于条件有限的实验室或现场植物病毒检测的手段。本文介绍了RPA技术的检测原理、引物设计和应用方式,综述了其在植物病毒检测中的最新研究进展及存在的问题,为RPA技术在植物病毒检测中的应用提供参考。     

马铃薯Y病毒RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a检测技术体系的建立与应用

植物病毒病是制约农作物安全生产的重要因素, 病毒检测能够发现病毒并确定病毒的种类, 是病害监测预警和防控的关键。该研究以马铃薯Y病毒(PVY)为检测对象, 建立了基于RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a的检测体系。结果表明, (1) CRISPR/ Cas12a检测体系内Cas12a及各组分为检测顺利进行所必要; (2) crRNA的靶点位置对Cas12a蛋白活性有较大影响, 当crRNA的靶点包含部分PAM位点序列时, 反应效率最高; (3) RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a检测模板的最低限度为3×10² copies∙μL^-1, 灵敏度高于PCR及qPCR检测法; (4) RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a检测体系与核酸粗提及逆转录反应联合, 可在非实验室环境下进行PVY检测, 整个过程耗时约60分钟。该研究建立了基于RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a的PVY检测技术体系, 为在非实验室条件下实时快速检测植物病毒提供了一种有效方法。     

重组酶聚合酶等温扩增快速检测肺炎支原体方法的建立和初步应用

摘要 目的：建立基于重组酶聚合酶扩增技术（RPA）技术快速检测肺炎支原体的方法。方法：本研究以肺炎支原体编码P1黏附蛋白为靶基因,利用Primer Premier 5软件进行引物、探针的设计,最终筛选出最佳引物。同时设计相应的实时荧光定量PCR（RT-PCR）引物用于后续的验证试验。对反应体系试剂比例、反应时间、反应温度、引物探针浓度进行确定。肺炎支原体、解脲支原体、人型支原体、肺炎克雷伯菌、肺炎双球菌、大肠杆菌和链球菌作为对照评估RPA检测肺炎支原体的特异性及敏感度。结果：RPA快速检测肺炎支原体方法仅需14 min,检测灵敏度达200 copies/mL;6种非肺炎支原体均不能扩增,特异性较高。结论：本研究建立了肺炎支原体的RPA快速检测方法,具有迅速、简便、经济等优势,为肺炎支原体的快速检测提供一个新的有利工具。     

用重组酶介导扩增技术快速扩增核酸

体外核酸快速扩增技术是一种可使微量核酸在体外高效快速扩增的技术, 自问世以来, 被广泛应用于分子生物学、医学和法理鉴定等领域, 并被不断改进, 以使其功能和适应性更为广泛. 重组酶介导扩增法是在现有体外核酸扩增原理的基础上发展起来的恒温体外快速扩增核酸技术. RAA法利用重组酶、单链结合蛋白和DNA聚合酶代替了传统PCR的热循环解链过程, 实现了在37℃恒温下的核酸快速扩增, 无需特殊的辅助仪器, 对操作人员的要求也不高, 具备简单、节能、便携、快速等特点, 有望在不远的将来取代传统的热循环PCR反应.     

重组酶介导等温核酸扩增方法快速检测土壤沙门氏菌

【背景】沙门氏菌(Salmonella)是一种可以引起人畜患病的致病菌,也是最主要的食源性细菌之一。土壤中的沙门氏菌可通过蔬菜等植物进入人体,引发食物中毒。但由于土壤性质及其他微生物的干扰,如何快速甄别土壤是否受到沙门氏菌的污染仍是一个难题。【目的】建立一种快速、灵敏检测土壤沙门氏菌的实时重组酶介导等温核酸扩增(Real-Time Recombinase Aided Amplification,RT-RAA)方法。【方法】针对沙门氏菌invA基因序列设计特异性引物和探针,构建含有invA基因待检片段的重组质粒,评价RT-RAA方法的灵敏度;分别以肠炎沙门氏菌、大肠杆菌、福氏志贺氏菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的基因组DNA为模板,评价RT-RAA方法的特异性;RT-RAA方法用于番茄、生姜土壤中沙门氏菌的检测,同时用平板培养法进行验证。【结果】RT-RAA方法可用于重组质粒中invA基因片段的检测,在39℃条件下,20 min内即可获得检测结果,最低检测质粒拷贝数为10拷贝/反应,而且与大肠杆菌、福氏志贺氏菌和金黄色葡萄球菌无交叉反应。土壤样品DNA的RT-RAA检测结果显示,供试番茄土已被沙门氏菌污染,而生姜土则没有,与平板培养结果一致。【结论】RT-RAA方法具有灵敏度高和特异性强的特点,可用于土壤沙门氏菌污染的快速检测。     

Rapid detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis based on antigen 85B via real-time recombinase polymerase amplification

Tuberculosis (TB), as a common infectious disease, still remains a severe challenge to public health. Due to the unsatisfied clinical needs of currently available diagnostic vehicles, it is desired to establish a new approach for universally detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Herein, we designed a real-time recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) technology for identifying M. tuberculosis within 20 min at 39°C via custom-designed oligonucleotide primers and probe, which could specifically target antigen 85B (Ag85B). Particularly, the primers F4-R4 produced the fastest fluorescence signal with the probe among four pairs of designed primers in the RPA assays. The optimal primers/probe combination could effectively identify M. tuberculosis with the detection limit of 4·0 copies per μl, as it could not show a positive signal for the genomic DNA from other mycobacteria or pathogens. The Ag85B-based RPA could determine the genomic DNA extracted from M. tuberculosis with high reliability (100%, 22/22). More importantly, when testing clinical sputum samples, the real-time RPA displayed an admirable sensitivity (90%, 95% CI: 80·0-96·0%) and specificity (98%, 95% CI: 89·0-100·0%) compared to traditional smear microscopy, which was similar to the assay of Xpert MTB/RIF. This real-time RPA based Ag85B provides a promising strategy for the rapid and universal diagnosis of TB.     

A rapid detection of tomato yellow leaf curl virus using recombinase polymerase amplification-lateral flow dipstick assay

Tomato yellow leaf curl disease which is caused by Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is economically important and a widely spread tomato disease in China. Rapid and accurate detection methods are important in the control TYLCV. Here, a rapid method was developed to identify TYLCV on the basis of recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) that can be visualized in 5 min using lateral flow dipsticks. The sensitivity and the specificity of this method were evaluated. This method can detect 0·5 pg DNA after 30 min at 37°C without any expensive instrumentation. In addition, it showed higher sensitivity than a PCR method when purified DNA was used. Moreover, the TYLCV was specifically detected, whereas other viruses infecting tomato produced negative results. The crude tomato extracts used in this assay has potential application in minimally equipped plant clinic laboratories. This method will facilitate the early and rapid detection of TYLCV for the timely application of control measures.     

Rapid detection of “Candidatus Phytoplasma mali” by recombinase polymerase amplification assays

Isothermal recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) assays for the specific detection of “Candidatus Phytoplasma mali (Ca. P. mali),” the causal agent of apple proliferation, were developed. The assays amplify a fragment of the imp gene and amplimers were detected either by fluorescence in real‐time mode (TwistAmp^®exo assay) using a fluorophore‐labelled probe or by direct visualization employing a lateral flow device (TwistAmp^®nfo assay/Milenia^®HybriDetect). The RPA assays specifically amplified DNA from “Ca. P. mali” strains, and cross‐reactivity with other phytoplasmas or plant DNA was not observed. The limit of detection was determined with a cloned imp standard, and positive results were obtained down to 10 copies with both RPA assay formats. In comparison with a TaqMan real‐time PCR assay based on the same target gene, the RPA assays were equally sensitive, but results were obtained faster. Simplified nucleic acid extraction procedures from plant tissue with Tris‐ and CTAB‐based buffers revealed that crude Tris–DNA extracts were a suitable source for RPA tests while larger concentrations of CTAB were inhibitory. This is the first report of RPA‐based assays for the detection of “Ca. P. mali”. The assays are suitable for high‐throughput screening of plant material and point‐of‐care diagnostic and can be potentially combined with a simplified DNA extraction procedure.     

实时荧光重组酶聚合酶扩增技术(RPA)快速检测Ⅱ型鲤疱疹病毒

【背景】Ⅱ型鲤疱疹病毒(Cyprinid Herpesvirus 2,CyHV2)感染鲫引起的疱疹病毒性造血器官坏死病(Herpes Viral Haematopoietic Necrosis,HVHN)是鲫养殖业的主要病害,造成严重的经济损失。目前尚无治疗HVHN的有效药物。对CyHV2进行早期监测和有效防控是阻止该病暴发的有效手段。【目的】建立一种针对CyHV2的orf72基因的实时荧光重组酶聚合酶扩增技术(Recombinase Polymerase Amplification,RPA)检测方法,并评价其特异性和灵敏度。【方法】通过比较CyHV2五株毒株间orf72核苷酸序列,在保守区设计特异性引物和探针。设置5个反应温度,优化实时荧光RPA反应的条件。在最优的条件下验证实时荧光RPA检测方法在不同水产动物病毒间的特异性。以梯度稀释的CyHV2阳性DNA为模板比较实时荧光RPA与qPCR的灵敏度。【结果】实时荧光RPA能在37.8°C条件下20 min内快速准确地检测CyHV2病毒,而且种间特异性高,与其他病毒无交叉反应,反应灵敏度与qPCR相同。【结论】研究建立的实时荧光RPA...     

Rapid and sensitive detection method for Karlodinium veneficum by recombinase polymerase amplification coupled with lateral flow dipstick

The dinoflagellate Karlodinium veneficum that is usually present at relatively low cell abundances is a globally-distributed harmful algal bloom-forming species, which negatively affects marine ecosystems, fisheries, and human health. Hence, an efficient detection platform for the rapid and sensitive identification of K. veneficum is highly demanded. In this study, a method referred to as recombinase polymerase amplification coupled with lateral flow dipstick (RPA-LFD) was developed for the rapid detection of K. veneficum. The primers for RPA and the detection probe for LFD were designed to specially target the internal transcribed spacer of K. veneficum by molecular cloning and multiple alignments of the related sequences. The developed RPA can gain an approximately 300 bp specific band from K. veneficum. Successful amplification for RPA could be achieved at a temperature range of 35 °C–45 °C. RPA for 30 min could produce enough products that could generate clearly visible electrophoresis bands and were adequate for subsequent LFD analysis. The RPA products can be visually detected by the naked eyes through an LFD after an automatic chromatography for 5 min at room temperature. The developed RPA-LFD was exclusively specific for K. veneficum and displayed no cross-reactivity with other algal species that are commonly distributed along the Chinese coast. In addition, the lowest detection limit of RPA-LFD was 10 ng μL⁻¹ of genomic DNA and 0.1 cell mL⁻¹, which was 100-fold sensitive than conventional PCR. In conclusion, the developed RPA-LFD assay in this study can be used as a rapid and sensitive method to monitor K. veneficum in the future.