不同培养基及外源激素对西洋参毛状根的生长和皂甙含量的影响

分析了1/2MS、改良White、SJ-1、改良Nisch、B5和B5-I6种液体培养基、水解乳蛋白（LH）以及IAA、IBA、NAA、6-BA和ABA5种激素对西洋参（Panax quinquefolium L.)毛状根生长及皂甙含量影响。用高效液相色谱法测定部分毛状根状品的4种单体皂甙含量。结果表明SJ-1和B5培养基较好,水解乳蛋白可增加毛状根的鲜重,但降低毛状根中总皂甙的含量。IAA、IBA和ABA对毛状根的生长促进作用,6-BA对皂甙积累有显著促进作用,并较大幅度地提高Rb1在总甙中所占的比例。     

油菜素内酯对西洋参毛状根的生长和皂甙含量的影响

油菜素内酯 (BL)单独使用对西洋参毛状根生长有促进作用 ,10 -3 mg·L-1BL显著促进生长 ;BL与 0 .0 5或 0 .5mg·L-1IBA组合使用对毛状根生长的促进有协同作用。极低浓度BL可增加 ,而高浓度BL则降低西洋参毛状根中总皂甙含量。BL明显提高Rb1在总皂甙中的比例     

6-苄氨基腺嘌呤和萘乙酸对三裂叶野葛毛状根生长和异黄酮含量的影响

为了探讨植物激素对三裂叶野葛毛状根生长和异黄酮化合物含量的影响,采用不同浓度的6-苄氨基腺嘌呤(6-Benzylaminopurine,6-BA)或6-BA和萘乙酸(α-Naphthaleneacetic,NAA)结合处理三裂叶野葛毛状根,观察其对毛状根生长的影响,然后利用分光光度计测定毛状根中异黄酮化合物含量及抗氧化酶活性。结果表明:6-BA抑制三裂叶野葛毛状根的生长,降低三裂叶野葛毛状根的生物量,且随着6-BA浓度的增加,其抑制效果愈明显;同时降低其总异黄酮化合物的含量。与对照相比,不同浓度6-BA和NAA 2.0 mg/L结合抑制毛状根的生长,降低毛状根中总异黄酮化合物含量。6-BA和NAA结合能显著提高毛状根可溶性蛋白质含量和过氧化物酶活性,但降低其超氧化物歧化酶活性;单独6-BA处理的毛状根培养至30 d时,可以检测到典型的DNA ladder带,而6-BA和NAA结合处理的毛状根培养至20 d时就可以检测到DNA ladder带,表明6-BA或6-BA和NAA结合都可以促进细胞程序性死亡的发生,且NAA具有协同作用。     

植物生长物质对白英毛状根生长及薯蓣皂苷元含量的影响

利用含p Ri A4质粒的农杆菌C58C1浸染白英叶片获得能在无植物生长物质培养基上自主生长的毛状根单克隆系,且毛状根中薯蓣皂苷元含量高于野生型白英植株。在液体培养基中添加不同浓度的6-苄氨基腺嘌呤(6-BA)、萘乙酸(NAA)或6-BA与NAA的结合处理白英毛状根,观察其对毛状根生长的影响,并利用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定毛状根中薯蓣皂苷元含量。结果表明,6-BA抑制白英毛状根的生长,且随6-BA浓度增加,抑制作用越明显,6-BA能增加白英毛状根每克干物质中薯蓣皂苷元的含量,但降低培养瓶中毛状根薯蓣皂苷元总量。NAA对毛状根的生长有促进作用,其中,经0.5 mg·L-1NAA处理的毛状根在培养30 d时干重达到同期对照的1.76倍。虽然NAA降低每克干物质中薯蓣皂苷元含量,但提高培养瓶中毛状根薯蓣皂苷元总量,薯蓣皂苷元总量最高可达0.97 mg(DW)·瓶-1,是对照整个培养过程中最大值的1.37倍。6-BA与0.5 mg·L-1 NAA的结合抑制白英毛状根的生长,同时降低每克干物质中薯蓣皂苷元的含量。     

外源激素对何首乌毛状根生长及蒽醌类成分生物合成的影响

研究了外源激素对液体培养何首乌毛状根生长及其蒽醌类化合物生物合成的影响。结果表明外源激素2,4-D、NAA和6-BA对何首乌毛状根的生长及蒽醌生物合成有较大的影响。在MS培养基中添加2,4-D对何首乌毛状根的生长和蒽醌类化合物的生物合成有很强的抑制作用,而添加适量浓度NAA和6-BA则可促进何首乌毛状根的生长以及蒽醌类物质的生物合成。     

NAA、IBA和PP333对怀山药试管苗生长发育的影响

就不同生长调节剂对怀山药试管苗生长发育的影响进行了系统的研究。结果表明 :( 1 )NAA、IBA和PP3 3 3 均能诱导根的生成 ,但根形成的时间、发生方式及发达程度均不相同。低浓度的NAA( 0 .1～ 0 .5mg.L 1)有利于根的生成 ,但高浓度的NAA(≥ 2mg .L 1)则易形成愈伤组织 ,且随着浓度的升高 ,愈伤组织化程度变大 ,根多来源于愈伤组织 ;IBA( 0 .1～ 2mg .L 1)对根的生成较为有利 ,其中以IBA 1mg .L 1的生根效果较好 ;PP3 3 3 ( 0 1～ 8mg.L 1)有利于根的生成 ,根形成的最早、最多 ,且随着浓度的升高 ,根更加粗壮发达。 ( 2 )PP3 3 3 抑制试管苗的纵向伸长生长 ,使株高降低 ,但却显著地促进了根系的发育 ,使试管苗生长健壮 ,叶色浓绿 ,叶片增多。这种效应随着PP3 3 3 浓度的升高而加强。从培养壮苗的角度来看 ,PP3 3 3 ( 2～ 4mg.L 1)是最佳浓度     

几种激素处理茶树插穗的试验

1.政和大白茶、福鼎大白茶、梅占、福建水仙、毛蟹和浙农2号等六个品种插穗经NAA IBA混合水溶液处理后,不但能提早插穗发根,而且发根率,每枝平均根数和最长根平均长度均比其他几种处理为优。2.经激素处理后的插穗不但马蹄形切口处和插穗中、下部发生大量不定根,根群发达,并观察到NAA引起根数较少而粗壮,而NAA IBA混合处理的根长且粗壮,地上部生长的新梢的高度和叶数比对照显著增多,长势良好。3.秋插甩NAA IBA粉剂处理浓度在500ppm左右扦插后70天才对插枝有促进发根的作用,而且根群发达。4.浙农2号系发根困难的优良品种,经NAA IBA稀溶液浸泡处理后,发根率比对照提高15-50％。     

不同培养基、外源激素和真菌诱导子对北柴胡毛状根生长及柴胡皂苷含量的影响

目的:分析培养基、外源激素和真菌诱导子对北柴胡毛状根生长和柴胡皂苷含量的影响,筛选出柴胡皂苷产量高的培养条件。方法:设置3种培养基(B5、改良White和WPM)、3种外源激素(IBA、IAA和NAA)、真菌诱导子为黑曲霉诱导子,每组处理设计2~4个浓度梯度,25℃、110 r/min暗培养,3个月后收获称重,测定根产量,HPLC方法检测毛状根柴胡皂苷含量。结果:在添加0.5 mg/L IBA的B5培养基中,毛状根和柴胡皂苷产量最高,分别为2.4 g和9.05mg。结论:筛选出北柴胡毛状根最适培养条件,为北柴胡毛状根大规模培养利用提供了参考依据。     

金铁锁毛状根构型对其生长的影响

毛状根的构型是影响其生长速度和生物量积累的重要因素,为了规模化培养金铁锁毛状根,进一步解决金铁锁资源短缺问题,该研究以金铁锁毛状根为材料,通过改变培养基类型、碳源及碳源浓度,观察和分析了毛状根的生长状态,找出影响毛状根构型的因素。结果表明:最适合金铁锁毛状根生长的培养基为B5+蔗糖30 g·L~(-1),金铁锁毛状根主根长而粗壮,一级、二级侧根生长量大,根系表面积较大,生长效果最佳。经液体悬浮培养验证,测定毛状根的生长量,与在固体培养基培养的毛状根生长状态基本一致。通过该项研究,优化了培养基中营养成分的配比,实现了金铁锁毛状根的快速生长和生物量的积累。     

硒对三裂叶野葛毛状根生长及抗氧化酶活性的影响

本文研究硒(Se)对三裂叶野葛毛状根生长及抗氧化酶活性的影响。结果表明,低浓度亚硒酸钠(0~0.5 mg/L)可促进毛状根生长及异黄酮的生物合成,而高浓度亚硒酸钠抑制其生长和异黄酮的积累,且浓度愈高抑制作用愈强。此外,硒可促进可溶性蛋白的生物合成,亚硒酸钠浓度愈高促进作用愈明显;硒还可降低毛状根中SOD活性,提高POD活性,降低MDA含量。说明硒对三裂叶野葛毛状根生长和抗氧化酶活性有重要的调节作用。     

Chlorophyll isolation,structure and function: major landmarks of the early history of research in the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union

This paper covers major events of the early history of chlorophyll research in the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union from 1771 until 1952, when the modern period of studies on photosynthesis began in full swing. Short biographical sketches of key scientists, reviews of their major research contributions and some selected photographs are included. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

巴戟天根的结构及其与蒽醌类化合物积累的关系

应用石蜡切片法、荧光显微镜和紫外分光光度法,对不同年生巴戟天根组织结构的变化进行了观察、对蒽醌类化合物在根中的分布场所及其积累动态进行了研究。结果表明:巴戟天根的结构类似一般多年生草本植物,薄壁细胞是巴戟天根中蒽醌类化合物的分布储存场所,蒽醌类化合物含量随着根生长年限的增加而增加。由以上研究总结出巴戟天以四年或四年以上采收为好,并以根皮厚、木心细者为上品。     

Protein intake regulation in the weanling rat: Effects of additions of lysine,arginine and ammonia on the selection of gluten and energy

The effects of adding lysine, arginine and ammonia to gluten on the self-selection of protein and energy by the weanling rat simultaneously offered a choice of two diets differing only in gluten concentration (15 and 55%) were tested. Previous studies have shown that while lysine (6 g/100 g) additions to gluten decreased the amount of gluten selected by the rat from 40 to 20 g per 100 g of food eaten, selection was not related to the nutritional quality of the gluten. When graded levels of arginine (1.8, 3.6 or 7.2 g/100 g) were added to the gluten with or without lysine (0 or 6 g/100 g) the dietary protein selection was unaffected. The addition of ammonia (1.4 g/100 g as NH₄Cl) to gluten had initially the same effect as lysine (6 g/100 g) but with time protein intake returned to control levels. This effect of ammonia was unaltered by arginine additions. It is concluded that the mechanisms which lead to decreases in gluten selection caused by lysine or ammonia are not similar, and that the effects of lysine on gluten selection are not caused by an increased arginine requirement for urea cycle activity.     

自分泌生长因子对早期胚胎体外发育的影响(简报)

生长因子(Growth Factors,GFs)对于调节哺乳动物胚胎的早期发育和分化起着重要作用,这些GFs存在于雌性生殖道,也可由胚胎自身合成。正是由于这种自分泌GFs的存在,使我们可以通过改变胚胎培养密度或添加外源性GFs来定性或定量研究GFs对胚胎发育和分化的影响,对于了解GFs在分子水平上的作用途径和机制有着重要的意义。     

河南玉兰属两新变种

发表河南玉兰属两新变种,即：①狭被望春玉兰(Yulania biondii (Pamp.) D. L. Fu var. angustitepala D. L. Fu, T. B. Zhao et D. W. Zhao,var. nov.);②椭圆叶罗田玉兰(Y. pilocarpa (Z. Z. Zhao et Z. W. Xie) D. L. Fu var. ellipticifolia D. L. Fu, T. B. Zhao et J. Zhao,var. nov.)。     

刺叶柄棘豆的一个新变型--白花刺叶柄棘豆

描述了棘豆属(豆科)刺叶柄棘豆(Oxytropis acipblla Ledeb．)的一个新变型：白花刺叶柄棘豆O．aciphylla Ledeb．f．albiflora Z．Y．Chang,Z．H．Wu et L．R．Xu。原变型的花冠为红紫色或蓝紫色,而新变型的花冠为白色。     

The effect of intrauterine infusions of prostaglandin E2 on luteal function in nonpregnant gilts

Two trials were conducted to study the effects of intrauterine infusions of prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) on luteal function in nonpregnant gilts. Cannulae were surgically implanted on day 9 postestrus into the lumen of each horn with a cephalic vein cannula inserted for collection of peripheral blood. Intrauterine infusions of 0, 25, 75 or 200 mug of PGE(2) were initiated at 0900 h on day 12 and administered thereafter every 12 hr until estrus or day 22 in the first trial. The second trial protocol included an increase in the dose of PGE(2) administered as well as the frequency of infusion. Infusion of 0, 200, 300 or 400 mug PGE(2) was begun at 0300 h on day 12 and continued every 6 hr until estrus or day 22. Cephalic plasma samples for progesterone analysis were collected every six hours from 0300 h on day 11 to 2100 h on day 26 in both trials. In Trial 1 mean plasma progesterone concentrations for all treatments were not different (P>0.05) from the controls on any given day of the estrous cycle. Interestrous interval was unaffected by intrauterine infusion of PGE(2). The mean plasma progesterone concentrations for all treatments were not different (P>0.05) from the controls on days 11-18 of the estrous cycle in Trial 2. However, plasma progesterone concentrations for the 200-mug and 300-mug PGE(2) groups appeared to be greater than the controls on days 14 and 15, indicating a possible delay in the decline of progesterone for these groups. The mean plasma progesterone concentrations for the treatment groups were lower (P<0.05) than the controls on days 20-26 of the cycle. treatment cycle length did not differ (P>0.05) from previous cycle length; thus treatment with PGE(2) had no effect on interestrous interval. PGE(2) may have retarded the decline of progesterone secretion by the corpus luteum in some cases, but at these dosages and frequencies of administration PGE(2) was ineffective in prolonging luteal maintenance.