A new species of eel cods Muraenolepis trunovi sp. nova (Muraenolepididae) from the Lazarev Sea with redescription of lectotypes Muraenolepis marmorata Günther, 1880 and M. microps (Lönnberg, 1905)

A new species of eel cods Muraenolepis trunovi sp. nova (Muraenolepididae) from the Lazarev Sea is described. The type specimen is caught at the depth 730–860 m. The new species differs from all known species in very elongated first dorsal and pectoral fins. With respect to the body proportions and the number of rays in the second dorsal fin and the anal fin, it is related to M. marmorata but clearly differs from the latter in a greater number of vertebrae (73 vs. 67–69), in the reduced upper lateral line (to one sensory tube), and in complete absence of the lower lateral line on the body. The lectotypes of Muraenolepis marmorata Günther, 1880 (British Natural History Museum, BNHM) and M. marmoratus microps (Lönnberg, 1905) (Naturhistoriska Riksmuseum, NRM) are redescribed.     

A new fish species of Roeboides from Panamá (Characiformes: Characidae)

A freshwater fish Roeboides loftini n.sp. is described from the Río Coclé del Norte drainage of the Atlantic versant of Panamá. The new species differs from other species of the Roeboides guatemalensis-group by the number of perforated scales on the lateral line (83-100), body depth (31.8-36.1%), predorsal distance (49.1-51.9%) and the shape of the humeral spot.     

New species of the genus <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bathycongrus—B. parviporus</Emphasis> (Congridae,Anguilliformes)—from waters of Central Vietnam (Nha Trang and Van Phong Bays)

Bathycongrus parviporus sp. nova is described from specimens collected in the South China Sea, in the coastal waters of central Vietnam. By its characters (short snout, elongate-oval vomerine tooth patch with numerous small teeth of approximately the same size, slender relatively short tail, and residual leptocephalic pigmentation as a series of small melanophores just below lateral line in adults), the species belongs to the group of species of this genus represented by B. bleekeri, B. trimaculatus, and B. unimaculatus in the western part of the Pacific Ocean and B. dubius in the western Atlantic Ocean but differs in small infraorbital pores which are enlarged in all known species of the genus Bathycongrus. By the number of preanal pores, the new species is similar to B. bleekeri from Philippine waters but differs from it in a higher number of vertebrae (120–122), in more numerous rows of teeth on the premaxilloethmoid, in more number of branchiostegal rays (9–10), a shorter head, and in some other proportions of head and body. Topography of canals and pores of the cephalic seismosensory system of B. parviporus sp. nova is described. Morphometric and osteological characters for placing this species in the genus Bathycongrus are noted.     

The anthiine fishes,Odontanthias dorsomaculatus sp. nov. andPlectranthias hauchotae Randall,from the western Indian Ocean

A new serranid species,Odontanthias dorsomaculatus, is described from the Saya de Malha Bank, western Indian Ocean. This species is closely related toO. unimaculatus (Tanaka) from Japan, but differs from it in having a slenderer body, more lateral line scales and different coloration.Plectranthias bauchotae Randall, a rare anthiine fish collected from the same locality, is also described.     

Bathylagus niger sp. nova (Bathylagidae, Salmoniformes) a new species of Bathylagus from the subpolar waters of the Southern Ocean

Bathylagus niger sp. nova from subantarctic waters of the Southern Ocean is described. This species differs from other representatives of the genus in its combination of the following characters: 23–30 (usually 26–27) rakers on the first gill arch, 20–23 rays in the anal fin, 10–12 rays in the dorsal fin, 40–42 scale pockets in the lateral line, 45–48 (usually 46–47) vertebrae, 4–7 (usually 5–6) pyloric caeca, the greatest body depth is in adults 19–22% SL, and the average head is 21–23% SL.     

Revision of the genus Poromitra (Melamphaidae): Part 2. New species of the group P. crassiceps

Five new species of the genus Poromitra (family Melamphaidae) belonging to the group of species P. crassiceps are described. An important specific feature of this group is the structure of praeoperculum in which bony crests of the anterior edge are at an acute angle to each other, and the posterior and lower edges are uniformly (without break) spinulated with small spinules. In P. decipiens sp. nova described from the Indian Ocean (from the East Indian Ridge), the insertion of ventral fins is located posteriorly the vertical of the posterior edge of pectoral fin insertion, which makes this species similar to P. crassiceps and P. rugosa. The remaining four species have the insertion of ventral fins anteriorly the vertical (or at its level) of the posterior edge of pectoral fin insertion (as in P. unicornis and P. coronata). P. curilensis sp. nova inhabits the northern part of the Pacific Ocean from the Kuril Islands and the Japanese Islands to the Gulf of Alaska; P. indooceanica sp. nova is described from several individuals from the subtropical part of the Indian Ocean; P. glochidiata sp. nova, from catch in the Great Australian Bight; and P. kukuevi sp. nova, from the individual from the western tropical part of the Atlantic Ocean.     

New species of eel cods <Emphasis Type="Italic">Muraenolepis pacifica</Emphasis> sp. nova (Muraenolepididae) from the ridge of hercules (Pacific-Antarctic Ridge)

The new species of moray cod Muraenolepis pacifica sp. nova from the Pacific ocean, i.e., the Hercules and Umanov banks (Pacific-Antarctic Rise) from the depths of 200–500 m is described. The new species closely resembles M. orangiensis, but it reliably differs from the latter by the shorter caudal part of the body, more caudal position of the insertions of dorsal and pectoral fins, longer upper jaw, and other proportions of the body. The new data about holotype M. orangiensis obtained in its X-ray study are given.     

A new cyprinid species, Placocheilus dulongensis, from the upper Irrawaddy system in northwestern Yunnan, China

A new species of the cyprinid genus Placocheilus Wu 1977, is described from the Dulong River drainage (in the upper reach of the Irrawaddy River), northwestern Yunnan Province (China). Placocheilus dulongensis sp. nov. can be distinguished from the other three congeners, namely P. caudofasciatus, P. robustus and P. cryptonemus, by the following combination of characters: no semicircular black mark on the middle of each caudal fin lobe; no blackish band across the dorsal fin; one pair of rostral barbels and one pair of maxillary barbels; 39-40 perforated lateral line scales. Osteological characters, such as the shape of the second infraorbital, preoperculum, and the vertical plate of the urohyal were observed in a cleared and stained skeletal specimen. A simplified key to the genus Placocheilus is provided based on the comparisons among the four species.     

A new species of eel cods <Emphasis Type="Italic">Muraenolepis kuderskii</Emphasis> sp. nova (fam. Muraenolepididae) from South Georgia (the Scotia Sea)

A new species of the eel cod Muraenolepis kuderskii sp. nova from the Scotia Sea, South Georgia, from depths of 440–605 m is described. The species belongs to the group of “few-rayed” species having less than 150 rays in the dorsal fin and less than 114 rays in the anal fin. According to general body proportions, M. kuderskii is closely related to high-latitude Antarctic species M. trunovi; however, it differs from the latter and all other species of the group of “few-rayed” eel cods in a short chin barbel, small sizes of the eye, a short antebranchial distance, a short anteanal distance, and a long postanal distance.     

A new anthiine fish (Perciformes: Serranidae),Holanthias kingyo, from the Ryukyu Islands

A new anthiine fish,Holanthias kingyo sp, nov., is described on the basis of two specimens (male and female) from the Ryukyu Is., Japan. The new species is most similar toH. natalensis (Fowler, 1925), known only from South Africa, in having the following characters: dorsal fin soft rays 16 or 17, anal fin soft rays 9, pored lateral line scales 46 or 47, scale rows above lateral line to origin of dorsal fin 9 1/2 or 10 1/2, and gill rakers 10 or 11 +24 or 25=34–36. It differs from the latter in having more scales below the lateral line to the origin of the anal fin (27 1/2 vs. 18–24), a U-shaped caudal fin with paddle-like lobes (vs. deeply forked caudal fin with each lobe ending in a long slender filament), the outer margin of the soft anal fin vertical (vs. gently convex) and brown spots on the body in female (vs. spots absent in females).     

A new species of Astyanax Baird & Girard (Characiformes: Characidae) from the Rio Paraguaçu basin,Chapada Diamantina,Bahia, Brazil,with comments on bony hooks on all fins

A new species of Astyanax from the Rio Paraguaçu basin, Bahia, Brazil, is described. This new species is distinguished from its congeners known to occur in Brazilian drainages by the presence of small bony hooks on all fins of mature males. Furthermore, the new species can be diagnosed by its colour pattern, which consists of a unique vertically elongated humeral blotch, a conspicuous dark drop‐shaped horizontal blotch over the caudal peduncle, tapering anteriorly and not extending to the median caudal‐fin rays, and by the absence of a conspicuous broad dark midlateral stripe. The new species differs further by having the greatest body depth just anterior to the dorsal‐fin origin, 32–35 perforated scales in the lateral line and a reduced number of branched anal‐fin rays (16–20). Apparently, the new species does not fit into any species complex of Astyanax. The occurrence of bony hooks on all fins of Astyanax is discussed.     

Two new species of the genus <Emphasis Type="Italic">Leptochiton</Emphasis> (Mollusca,Polyplacophora) from north-western Pacific

Two new species of the genus Leptochiton, L. сommandorensis sp. nov. and L. incubatus sp. nov. from north-western Pacific are described. Leptochiton сommandorensis differs from the congeners in having radial rows of granules in the lateral areas of intermediate valves, unicuspid dental cap on major lateral teeth of the radula, and dorsal scales with two ribs. Leptochiton incubatus differs from the congeners in having one aesthete pore in each granule, a shallow depression between the central and lateral areas of intermediate valves and between the antemucronal and postmucronal areas of the tail valve, and unicuspid head of major lateral teeth of radula. This species is brooding.     

A new species of Curimata (Characiformes,Curimatidae) from Paraná system,in resistencia,Argentine

A new curimatid fish, Curimata gnaca, from two localities, both in the neighborhoods of Resistencia, Chaco Province, Argentine, is described. The species is distinguished from other curimatids by the position of the mouth, a low number of perforated scales in lateral line, scales with straight margin on sides of body and long pectoral fins. The new species is placed in the genus Curimata until the problems within it will be solved.     

A new genus of seed beetles (Coleoptera,Chrysomelidae, Bruchinae) in Baltic amber

The new genus and new species of seed beetles (Copeoptera, Chrysomelidae, Bruchinae) Electrocaryedon poinari gen. et sp. nov. are described from the Late Eocene Baltic amber. This new genus differs from the genus Caryedon Schoenherr, 1823 in the completely separate procoxal cavities, not shortened lateral carina on pronotum, and wider body with sparse setae.     

Sinocyclocheilus zhenfengensis,a new cyprinid species (Pisces: Teleostei) from Guizhou Province,Southwest China

Sinocyclocheilus zhenfengensis sp. nov. is a new species from an underground water environment in a karst cave located in Beipanjiang River of the Pearl River Basin in Shuangrufeng (Double Breasts Hill) Scenic, Etian Village, Zhexiang Township, Zhenfeng County, Guizhou Province, Southwest China. The new species has eyes, its body is completely scaled, an anteriorly directed bulge has formed on the back of its head, and a long pectoral fin exceeds the pelvic fin insertion. The body of the new species is apparently similar to that of S. bicornutus, but differs in scale rows above the lateral line, scale rows below the lateral line, snout length, and eye diameter. Phylogenetic reconstruction of the cytochrome b gene using the maximum parsimony (MP) and Bayesian inference (BI) methods indicates that S. zhenfengensis is closely related to S. bicornutus, S. tianeensis, S. jiuxuensis, and S. altishoulderus; however, it differs in terms of eye size, lateral line scales, scale rows above and below the lateral line.     

A new cavefish species, Sinocyclocheilus brevibarbatus (Teleostei: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae), from Guangxi, China

A new species of the cavefish genus Sinocyclocheilus is described based on six specimens collected from a subterranean river in Du’an County in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of southern China. Sinocyclocheilus brevibarbatus sp. nov. can be distinguished from all congeners by the following combination of characteristics: a completely scaled body with well-developed eyes and a strongly-humped back; an almost straight lateral line possessing 49–51 perforated scales; seven soft rays on the dorsal fin; a relatively large eyeball (3.3–5.7% of SL) and short maxillary and rictal barbels (1.7–5.7% and 4.5–7.0% of SL, respectively).     

Grammatonotus ambiortus sp. nova: A new species of callanthiids (perciformes) from the western tropical pacific

A new species of the genus Grammatonotus from the western part of the Pacific Ocean (the region of the Hawaiian Islands) is described. From all previously known species of this genus, G. ambiortus sp. nova differs in multiserial teeth and the absence of canine teeth on praemaxillaria. The structure of its caudal skeleton is also different from most species (except G. macrophthalmus from the Kyusyu-Palau Ridge); moreover it is differentiated by a large eye.     

A new species of Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from the rio Madeira basin,Brazil

This study describes Characidium nambiquara, a new species from the upper rio Guaporé, rio Madeira basin, Brazil. The new species differs from most congeners by the presence of isthmus and area between the contralateral pectoral-fin bases completely naked. From congeners with some degree of scaleless ventral surface of the body C. nambiquara differs by having 10 circumpeduncular scales. The new species is also distinguished from congeners by the spotted colour pattern on body of the large-sized specimens and by having black dashes on all fins and conspicuous midlateral longitudinal dark stripe or conspicuous vertical bars absent. Characidium nambiquara further differs from most congeners by the presence of 34–36 pored scales on the lateral line, 3 horizontal scale rows above the lateral line and 3 horizontal scale rows from the lateral line to the midventral scale series. Remarks on intraspecific colour variation within the genus, not related to sexual dimorphism, are also provided.