中国植物学会2003年活动计划(部分)

序号会议名称内容时间规模地点组织者1中国植物学会第 13届全国会员代表大会暨 70周年学术年会主题是 :2 1世纪的植物学科与我国的可持续发展”。会议将交流目前国内外植物学科现状的分析和对未来植物科学以及与我国可持续发展的展望 ,回顾 2 1世纪中国植物科学所取得的成果。总结 5年来中国植物学会的工作 ,进行换届改选等工作。10月 6 0 0成都 学会办公室2青年植物学论坛交流近年来青年植物学工作者在植物学研究中所取得的成就 ,加强相互间的合作和交流 ;探讨如何在创新、改革的浪潮中得到进一步的发展10月 10 0成都 青年工作委员会3中国…     

主编的话

亲爱的读者和作者们 :光阴似箭 ,日月如梭。转眼间 ,2 0世纪的帷幕已经落下 ,《植物学通报》也陪伴您走过了 17个冬去春来。现在 ,新世纪的太阳已经升起 ,《植物学通报》又将和大家一起在充满希望、充满挑战的 2 1世纪的征程上并肩前行。《植物学通报》是由中国科学院植物研究所和中国植物学会主办的植物学综合性学术期刊 ,力求及时地报道植物科学基础研究和应用研究方面具有创新性的和有重要意义的最新研究成果和与其相关的综述、专论、实验技术方法及各种动态。据中国科学引文数据库对中国被引频次最高的前 5 0 0名科技期刊的统计 (依中国…     

中国植物学会及60周年年会简介

中国植物学会自1933年在立以来,已经走过了整整60年的光辉历程。60年来,特别是建国以来,中国植物学会在团结广大植物学工作者,积极开展学术活动、交流科研成果与教学经验以及普及植物学基础知识等方面都已做出了卓越的贡献。今天,中国植物学会的机构已发展较齐全,会员人数也由最初的近百人发展到万余人。广大会员和科技工作者创造出一大批具有高水平的科研成果,这对推动我国植物科学的发展,促进四化建设发挥着重要作用。为庆祝中国植物学会成立60周年,将于1992年在首都北京隆重召开大型的学术年会(暨十一届全国会员代表大会)。这是我会发展史上一个极为重要的里程碑。回顾60年的历程,展望植物学的未来,使我们更加满怀信心的为迎接下一个世纪——生命科学的世纪勇往直前!     

中国植物学会及60周年年会简介

中国植物学会自1933年成立以来,已经走过了整整60年的光辉历程.60年来,特别是建国以来,中国植物学会在团结广大植物学工作者,积极开展学术活动、交流科研成果与教学经验以及普及植物学基础知识等方面都已做出了卓越的贡献.今天,中国植物学会的机构已发展较齐全,会员人数也由最初的近百人发展到万余人.创造出一大批具有高水平的科研成果,对推动我国植物科学的发展,促进四化建设发挥着重要作用. 为庆祝中国植物学会成立60周年,将于1993年在首都北京隆重召开大型的学术年会(暨十一届全国会员代表大会).这是我会发展史上一个极为重要的里程碑.回顾60年的历程,展望植物学的未来,使我们更加满怀信心的为迎接下一个世纪生命科学的世纪勇往直前!     

我的教材编写往事

我与高教社的合作要追溯到20世纪50年代。当时,进行了教学改革,制定了新的教学计划和教学大纲。教育部组织专家编写全国统一教材,北京大学承担了重任。综合性大学植物学教材委托著名植物学家张景钺先生编写。蒙张先生信任,指导我将执教植物学的形态学及解剖学部分的讲义,按新的教学大纲修改和补充编写成书。这就是1959年出版的《植物学：形态学及解剖学部分》。     

我的教材编写往事

我与高教社的合作要追溯到20世纪50年代。当时,进行了教学改革,制定了新的教学计划和教学大纲。教育部组织专家编写全国统一教材,北京大学承担了重任。综合性大学植物学教材委托著名植物学家张景钺先生编写。蒙张先生信任,指导我将执教植物学的形态学及解剖学部分的讲义,按新的教学大纲修改和补充编写成书。这就是1959年出版的《植物学：形态学及解剖学部分》。     

利用现代化教学手段改革植物学教学

1．前言 21世纪,世界教育正面临着深刻的变革。教育的国际化,高新技术的应用,网络教育的发展等等,给高等教育带来了强烈的冲击。同样,也给植物学教学带来了影响,植物学是生物科学专业大学一年级新生的基础专业课程。植物学又是一门古老、内容广博、理论性和实践性都很强的学科。同时,它又是一门传统的学科,随着其他新学科的涌现,     

农业院校植物生理学教学的发展趋向

植物生理学的诞生应开始于19世纪后叶李比希(Liebig)的营养学说创立之后,Sachs(1882年)植物学讲义的问世。Pfeffer的〈植物生理学〉巨著出版,促使植物生理从植物学与农学中脱颖而出,正式成为一门引入注目的独立的生命科学,算来迄今已经历了一个多世纪。近年来一方面由于农业生产不断向植物生理学提出新的挑战,另一方面由于其     

中国植物学会五十五周年年会

中国植物学会五十五周年年会于1988年10月20日至23日在成都召开。参加会议正式代表340人,列席代表81人。大会收到原始论文摘要973篇,其中真菌学27篇,植物分类学188篇,植物形态学141篇,植物生殖生物学88篇,古植物学与孢粉学25篇,植物细胞生物学100篇,植物生态学与地植物学85篇,植物生理学156篇,植物化学及资源96篇,植物引种驯化67篇,其它2篇。副理事长王伏雄先生主持大会,汤佩松理事长致开幕词,汤老总结了学会五年来的工作,展望了植物学的未来,指出21世纪是新兴生物学,如分子生物学、遗传工程、生物工程等大力发展和发挥作用的世纪,我国植物学要及早在这方面作好起步的准备,根据现时及今后一段时期的经济力量、人材的贮备,重点开拓少数几个有一定基础和人才的小     

人类认识植物的历史(一)

人是由新石器时代开始，便已启蒙，逐步认识植物本性的，并系统地积累起来而建成一门自然科学，我国自西周到春秋战国对植物就已有不少的记述，到战国时并将动物、植物区分为二类。在相近的时期，国外情况也大体近似，古代人民对植物学的奠基工作主要是在农、药等实用方面，本科及种植的著作。我国在宋以后花卉种植有园艺较为发达，到明朝（公元14世纪后期）我国传统的植物研究进入高峰期。在欧洲植物学发展经过了黑暗时期以后，到18世纪中叶，欧洲近代植物学的基础已逐渐建立，并由林奈担承了历史时代的使命，而后经过19－20世纪的逐步发展才得以有现在的面貌。     

Role for dopamine in malonate-induced damage in vivo in striatum and in vitro in mesencephalic cultures

Defects in mitochondrial energy metabolism have been implicated in the pathology of several neurodegenerative disorders. In addition, the reactive metabolites generated from the metabolism and oxidation of the neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) are thought to contribute to the damage to neurons of the basal ganglia. We have previously demonstrated that infusions of the metabolic inhibitor malonate into the striata of mice or rats produce degeneration of DA nerve terminals. In the present studies, we demonstrate that an intrastriatal infusion of malonate induces a substantial increase in DA efflux in awake, behaving mice as measured by in vivo microdialysis. Furthermore, pretreatment of mice with tetrabenazine (TBZ) or the TBZ analogue Ro 4-1284 (Ro-4), compounds that reversibly inhibit the vesicular storage of DA, attenuates the malonate-induced DA efflux as well as the damage to DA nerve terminals. Consistent with these findings, the damage to both DA and GABA neurons in mesencephalic cultures by malonate exposure was attenuated by pretreatment with TBZ or Ro-4. Treatment with these compounds did not affect the formation of free radicals or the inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation resulting from malonate exposure alone. Our data suggest that DA plays an important role in the neurotoxicity produced by malonate. These findings provide direct evidence that inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase causes an increase in extracellular DA levels and indicate that bioenergetic defects may contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic neurodegenerative diseases through a mechanism involving DA.     

Scurvy in capybaras bred in captivity in Argentine

In order to determine if the absence of vitamin C in the diet of capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) causes scurvy, a group of seven young individuals were fed food pellets without ascorbic acid, while another group of eight individuals received the same food with 1 g of ascorbic acid per animal per day. Animals in the first group developed signs of scurvy-like gingivitis, breaking of the incisors and death of one animal. Clinical signs appeared between 25 and 104 days from the beginning of the trial in all individuals. Growth rates of individuals deprived of vitamin C was considerably less than those observed in the control group. Deficiency of ascorbic acid had a severe effect on reproduction of another population of captive capybaras. We found that the decrease in ascorbic acid content in the diet affected pregnancy, especially during the first stages. The results obtained suggest that it is necessary to supply a suitable quantity of vitamin C in the diet of this species in captivity.     

Changes in lactate dehydrogenase activity in chicken tissues in hyperthyreosis in ontogenesis

The lactate dehydrogenase activity in reactions of lactate oxidation and synthesis was studied in subfractions of the chicken brain, heart and liver at the embryonal, early postembryonal and adult stages of development after thyroxine administration. It has been shown that during embryogenesis thyroxine predominantly enhanced the rate of lactate oxidation in the mitochondrial tissues. A marked increase in the lactate synthesis was found in cytoplasm of the adult chicken tissues. Specificity of enzyme activity alterations was detected in the chicken brain during ontogenesis after thyroxine administration.     

SSTR5 ablation in islet results in alterations in glucose homeostasis in mice

Somatostatin (SST) peptide is a potent inhibitor of insulin secretion and its effect is mediated via somatostatin receptor 5 (SSTR5) in the endocrine pancreas. To investigate the consequences of gene ablation of SSTR5 in the mouse pancreas, we have generated a mouse model in which the SSTR5 gene was specifically knocked down in the pancreatic beta cells (betaSSTR5Kd) using the Cre-lox system. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that SSTR5 gene expression was absent in beta cells at three months of age. At the time of gene ablation, betaSSTR5Kd mice demonstrated glucose intolerance with lack of insulin response and significantly reduced serum insulin levels. Insulin tolerance test demonstrated a significant increase of insulin clearance in vivo at the same age. In vitro studies demonstrated an absence of response to SST-28 stimulation in the betaSSTR5Kd mouse islet, which was associated with a significantly reduced SST expression level in betaSSTR5Kd mice pancreata. In addition, betaSSTR5Kd mice had significantly reduced serum glucose levels and increased serum insulin levels at 12 months of age. Glucose tolerance test at an older age also indicated a persistently higher insulin level in betaSSTR5Kd mice. Further studies of betaSSTR5Kd mice had revealed elevated serum C-peptide levels at both 3 and 12 months of age, suggesting that these mice are capable of producing and releasing insulin to the periphery. These results support the hypothesis that SSTR5 plays a pivotal role in the regulation of insulin secretion in the mouse pancreas.