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氧化胁迫对水稻幼苗抗冷力的影响 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
利用H2O2和甲基紫精(MV)对水稻幼苗作三种不同程度的氧化胁迫预处理。结果表明:轻度氧化胁迫预处理(10umol/LH2O2或10umol/LMV处理4h)提高了水稻幼苗的抗冷力,严重氧化胁迫预处理(10umol/LH2O2或10umol/LMV分别处理16h和40h)则削弱水稻幼苗的抗冷力。氧化胁迫预处理刺激了水稻幼苗叶片抗氧化酶(SOD,CAT,POX和APX)的活性。经冷胁迫后,不同预处理苗的叶片抗氧化酶活性、膜脂过氧化和膜结构的变化趋势不同:轻度氧化胁迫预处理使幼苗仍保持较高的抗氧化酶活性,减轻了由冷胁迫引起的膜脂过氧化和细胞膜的渗漏程度,而严重氧化胁迫预处理则相反。因此,水稻幼苗对氧化胁迫感知并作出反应的机制(氧化应激机制)在水稻幼苗对低温反应和适应过程中起着很重要的调节作用。 相似文献
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水稻幼苗根系膜氧化还原系统活性与抗冷性的关系 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本试验以水稻幼苗为材料,研究冷胁迫和钙浸种,低温锻炼,低温锻烧结合钙浸种预处理分别对幼苗根系膜Fe(CN)^3-6还原性的影响。实验结果表明:冷胁迫降低了质膜Fe(CN)^3-6还原活性;钙浸种,低温锻炼,低温锻炼结合钙浸种处理均提高了质膜Fe(CN)^3-6还原活性、尤其是削减了冷胁迫降低质膜Fe(CN)^3-6还原活性的作用。 相似文献
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氧化钙对水稻幼苗的生理作用研究 总被引:24,自引:0,他引:24
利用几种含钙化合物处理土壤后播种水稻,发现氧化钙具有显著的生理活性,土壤中含量在1.0%时明显增加旱育身水稻幼苗高度,增加根数和加快叶片发育速度,进一步研究发现0.5-1.5%CaO能够降低稻苗细胞电解质渗透率和脂质过氧化过程,增加叶绿素含量和体内可溶性蛋白含量,并能提高POD活性,增强稻苗抗低温能力。 相似文献
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利用几种含钙化合物处理土壤后播种水稻,发现氧化钙具有显著的生理活性,土壤中含量在1.0%时明显增加旱育秧水稻幼苗高度、增加根数和加快叶片发育速度。进一步研究发现0.5~1.5% CaO能够降低稻苗细胞电解质渗透率和脂质过氧化程度,增加叶绿素含量和体内可溶性蛋白含量,并能提高POD活性,增强稻苗抗低温能力。 相似文献
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水稻HSPs诱导合成的研究 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
水稻HSPs在37—40℃开始启动合成,在43℃合成量最大。43℃处理0—9.5小时,可诱导合成两组共18种HSPs。第一组8种HSPs在热激后立即启动合成,其分子量大于50kd;第二组10种HSPs在热激处理3.5小时才启动合成,所有低分子量HSPs都集中在这一组。我们认为,HSPs合成的多级调控主要受处理时间制约,而与高于热激诱导临界温度之上的温度变化无关或关系不大。mRNA体外翻译的结果表明水稻热激mRNA是在热激后新合成的。 相似文献
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冷和盐预处理提高水稻幼苗抗寒性期间细胞Ca^2+—ATP酶活性的变化 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
冷和盐预处理显著提高水稻(OryzasatwaL.)幼苗的抗寒性,但两预处理诱导提高的抗寒性可为钙的螫合剂EGTA和钙调素的抑制剂CPZ所抑制。冷预处理有提高很质膜、液泡膜和叶片的叶绿体Ca2 .ATPase活性和质膜Fe(CN)3-6还原活性的作用,其中对提高根质膜Ca2 -ATPase活性和Fe(CN)3-6还原活性的作用尤为显著。盐预处理对提高根质膜、幼叶叶绿体Ca2 ATP酶活性和质膜Fe(CN)3-6还原活性的作用类似于冷预处理。虽然盐预处理苗液泡膜Ca2 -ATPase活性有所下降,但其活性仍明显高于未预处理苗,表明在低温胁迫下,两预处理苗都有较强的维持Ca2 稳态能力。结果揭示,冷和盐预处理诱导水稻幼苗抗寒性的提高,可能均与在低温胁迫下两预处理能有效地维持或激活Ca@ -ATPase活性有关,两者有着类似的适应机制。 相似文献
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BOAMFA E. I.; RAM P. C.; JACKSON M. B.; REUSS J.; HARREN F. J. M. 《Annals of botany》2003,91(2):279-290
Rice plants are severely damaged by complete submergence. Thisis a problem in rice farming and could be the result, in part,of tissue anoxia imposed by a reduced availability of oxygen.To investigate this possibility we monitored alcoholic fermentationproducts as markers for tissue anaerobiosis using sensitivelaser-based spectroscopy able to sense ethanol and acetaldehydedown to 3 nl l1 and 0·1 nl l1,respectively. Acetaldehyde emission began within 0·5 hof imposing an oxygen-free gas phase environment followed closelyby ethanol. As treatment progressed, ethanol output increasedand came to exceed acetaldehyde emission as this stabilizedconsiderably after approx. 3 h. On re-entry of air, a sharppost-anaerobic peak of acetaldehyde production was observed.This was found to be diagnostic of a preceding anoxic episodeof 0·5 h or more. When anaerobiosis was lengthenedby up to 14 h, the size of the post-anaerobic acetaldehydeoutburst increased. After de-submergence from oxygen-free water,a similarly strong but slower post-anaerobic acetaldehyde upsurgewas seen, which was accompanied by an increase in ethanol emission.Light almost, but not completely, eliminated fermentation inanaerobic surroundings and also the post-anaerobic or post-submergencepeaks in acetaldehyde production. All photosynthetically generatedoxygen was consumed within the plant. There was no substantialdifference in acetaldehyde and ethanol output between FR13Aand the less submergence-tolerant line CT6241 under any submergencetreatment. In some circumstances, submergence damaged CT6241more than FR13A even in the absence of vigorous fermentation.We conclude that oxygen deprivation may not always determinethe extent of damage caused to rice plants by submergence undernatural conditions. 相似文献
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水稻和玉米幼苗的超弱生物光子发射比较研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用自制的超高灵敏度超弱生物光子发射(ultraweak biphoton emissions,UBE)二维图象系统观测比较了水稻(Orza sativaL.)和玉米(Zea maysL.)不同品种种子萌发过程中超弱生物光子发射的变化。发现普通饲料玉米(阳单82)和高杆水稻品种(金科占)的种苗及+1叶的UBE分别比超甜玉米品种(穗甜1号、3号)和矮杆水稻品种(矮珍占)低,而前者的UBE衰减比后者要快,进一步证实超弱生物光子发射是十分灵敏的,且其差别的出现远远早于其它生物学指标,这种特性可能具有普遍性。 相似文献
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钙对水稻幼苗抗冷性的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
CaCl2浸种提高水稻幼苗叶片中结合态钙、内源抗氧化剂(GSH、AsA)含量和膜保护酶(CAT、SOD和POD)活性,也增加可溶性蛋白质中煮沸稳定蛋白质(boiling-stableprotein)的含量。冷胁迫期间,CaCl2并能减少因冷胁迫引起的GSH、AsA含量,CAT、SOD和POD活性以及煮沸稳定蛋白质下降的程度。在恢复期间,经CaCl2处理的幼苗其GSH、ASA、CAT、SOD和POD以及煮沸稳定蛋白质水平均有回升。 相似文献
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水稻条纹病毒胁迫下的水稻全基因组表达谱 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
水稻条纹叶枯病由水稻条纹病毒(Rice stripe virus, RSV)引起,对我国水稻生产危害严重.为了明确RSV侵染对水稻基因表达谱的影响,采用Affymetrix水稻全基因组芯片对RSV接种后出现条纹症状第7天的武育粳3号水稻病叶和相应的健康叶片进行了全基因组表达谱分析,得到3 517个差异基因,其中2 002个表达上调,1 515个表达下调.根据TIGR数据库注释(http://www.tigr.org/tdb/e2k1/osa1/)和MIPS基因功能分类标准(http://mips.gsf.de/projects/funcat)将差异基因归类为15个功能类别,多数差异基因与植物防御、信号传导及蛋白质、碳水化合物的代谢相关,一些转录因子的表达也发生了明显的变化.代谢途径分析表明,RSV侵染后磷酸戊糖途径、类黄酮合成途径和芸苔素合成途径的相关基因表达明显增强,赤霉素合成途径相关基因的表达受到了抑制. 相似文献
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Takayuki Hoson Kouichi Soga Ryuji Mori Mizue Saiki Kazuyuki Wakabayashi Seiichiro Kamisaka Shigeki Kamigaichi Sachiko Aizawa Izumi Yoshizaki Chiaki Mukai Toru Shimazu Keiji Fukui Masamichi Yamashita 《Journal of plant research》1999,112(4):477-486
Oryza sativa L.) and Arabidopsis (A. thaliana L.) were cultivated for 68.5 hr in the RICE experiment on board during Space Shuttle STS-95 mission, and changes in their
growth and morphology were analyzed. Microgravity in space stimulated elongation growth of both rice coleoptiles and Arabidopsis hypocotyls by making their cell walls extensible. In space, rice coleoptiles showed an inclination toward the caryopsis in
the basal region and also a spontaneous curvature in the same direction in the elongating region. These inclinations and curvatures
were more prominent in the Koshihikari cultivar compared to a dwarf cultivar, Tan-ginbozu. Rice roots elongated in various
directions including into the air on orbit, but two thirds of the roots formed a constant angle with the axis of the caryopsis.
In space, Arabidopsis hypocotyls also elongated in a variety of directions and about 10% of the hypocotyls grew into the agar medium. No clear
curvatures were observed in the elongating region of Arabidopsis hypocotyls. Such a morphology of both types of seedlings was fundamentally similar to that observed on a 3-D clinostat. Thus,
it was confirmed by the RICE experiment that rice and Arabidopsis seedlings perform an automorphogenesis under not only simulated but also true microgravity conditions.
Received 13 September 1999/ Accepted in revised form 12 October 1999 相似文献